Since 2013, NASA's Science Mission Directorate (SMD) has undergone a significant restructuring of science education-related activities and the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine (NASEM) has been instrumental in advancing those efforts. In 2020, the Board on Science Education at NASEM conducted a review of SMD's Science Activation portfolio that summarized on how well the program has met its objectives, and provided recommendations for strengthening future work. The Board on Science Education is now conducting a second review aimed at strengthening SMD's ongoing efforts to deliver high quality science education programming throughout the United States.