| 2D | two dimensional |
| 3D | three dimensional |
| 4D | four dimensional |
| AAPM | American Association of Physicists in Medicine |
| API | American Petroleum Institute |
| APS | American Physical Society |
| ASME | American Society for Mechanical Engineering |
| ASTM | ASTM International, formerly the American Society for Testing and Materials |
| AVS | American Vacuum Society |
| BBM | Biophysical and Biomedical Measurement Group |
| BIPM | Bureau International des Poids et Mesures |
| CAVS | cold-atom vacuum standard |
| CDC | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| CEESI | Colorado Engineering Experiment Station, Inc. |
| CMM | coordinate measuring machine |
| CODATA | Committee on Data for Science and Technology |
| COVID-19 | Coronavirus disease 2019 |
| CRADA | cooperative research and development agreement |
| DoD | Department of Defense |
| DOE | Department of Energy |
| EPR | electron paramagnetic resonance |
| EUV | extreme ultraviolet |
| GPU | graphics processing unit |
| GUV | germicidal ultraviolet |
| IDEA | Inclusion, Diversity, and Equity Alliance |
| JAWS | Josephson-junction based arbitrary waveform synthesizer |
| JQI | Joint Quantum Institute |
| LCT | Laser Cooling and Trapping Group |
| MDA | Missile Defense Agency |
| NASA | National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
| NCNR | NIST Center for Neutron Research |
| nEDM | neutron electric dipole moment |
| NeXT | neutron/X-ray tomography |
| NFM | Nanostructure Fabrication and Measurement Group |
| NIST | National Institute of Standards and Technology |
| NMI | national measurement institute |
| NOAC | NIST-on-a-chip |
| NRC | National Research Council (of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine) |
| NRCP | National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements |
| NSF | National Science Foundation |
| PEEM | photoemission electron microscopy |
| PhAND | photon-assisted neutron detector |
| PI | principal investigator |
| PML | Physical Measurement Laboratory |
| PROSPECT | Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum experiment |
| QED-C | Quantum Economic Development Consortium |
| QHR | Quantum Hall Resistance Standard |
| QuICS | Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science |
| RF | radiofrequency |
| SI | International System of Units |
| SIRCUS | spectral irradiance and radiance responsivity calibration with uniform sources |
| SPIE | International Society for Optics and Photonics |
| SRI | Standard Reference Instrument |
| SSD | Sensor Science Division |
| STEM | science, technology, engineering, and mathematics |
| STM | scanning tunneling microscopy |
| SURF III | Synchrotron Ultraviolet Radiation Facility |
| TLS | two-level system |
| UV | ultraviolet |