Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings (2026)
Chapter: 4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches
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Previous Chapter:
3 Factors Affecting HRGC Collisions and Severity Estimates
Next Chapter: 5 Level 1 Crash Predictive Count Models
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Level 1 Crash Predictive Models Using Machine Learning Approaches." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Assessing Safety Effectiveness of Treatments and Technologies at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29286.
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