Club of New York, fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Emiliani lecturer and fellow of the American Geophysical Union, and the Chapman lectureship at the University of Alaska. He received his M.S., M.Phil., and Ph.D. at Columbia University, New York, and his B.S. in geology at the University of Washington, Seattle. Dr. Mix’s prior service to the National Academies includes his membership on the Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences in 2015.

Dr. Kim Bernard is associate professor in the College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences at Oregon State University. She is a biological oceanographer, and her research focuses on understanding how climate change and fishing pressure alter zooplankton ecology and thus the structure and function of pelagic ecosystems. For the last 10 or more years, Dr. Bernard has been conducting research along the Antarctic Peninsula, where she has spent nearly 40 months either at sea aboard the Laurence M. Gould and Nathaniel B. Palmer or at Palmer Station. In 2018, she was awarded a National Science Foundation Early Career Grant for her research on Antarctic krill. Dr. Bernard is currently an executive member and outreach and communication coordinator of the Scientific Committee for Antarctic Research Krill Expert Group, the biological oceanography councilor of The Oceanography Society, and the zooplankton lead on the Biology and Ecosystem Panel of the Global Ocean Observing System. Dr. Bernard obtained her Ph.D. in marine biology from Rhodes University in South Africa. Dr. Bernard served on the Subcommittee of the National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs Advisory Committee on the U.S. Antarctic Program’s Research Vessel Procurement from June 2018 to August 2019, and served as chair of the Ship Operations Committee, College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences at Oregon State University, representing the university at the University-National Oceanographic Laboratory System from September 2018 to November 2022. She advised a master’s student who included statements about the scientific importance of maintaining a U.S. Antarctic Research Vessel in her thesis.

Dr. Edward A. Boyle, NAS, is professor of ocean geochemistry in the Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). His research interests include ocean trace metal chemistry in relation to biogeochemical cycling and anthropogenic inputs, and as a tool for understanding the geological history of the ocean. He has worked on lead and other anthropogenic trace metals in Greenland ice cores and on trace metals in estuaries. Dr. Boyle discovered that iron in the deep southwest Pacific derives from distant hydrothermal vents. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, previously served as director of the MIT–Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program and is a recipient of the Urey Medal of the European Association of Geochemistry. Dr. Boyle received his Ph.D. from the MIT–Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program in Chemical Oceanography. His prior experience at the National Academies includes membership on the Ocean Studies Board from 2010 to 2015 and on the Committee on an Ocean Infrastructure Strategy for U.S. Ocean Research and the Marine Chemistry Study Panel.

Dr. Daniel Costa is director of the Institute of Marine Sciences and distinguished professor at the University of California, Santa Cruz. He is a fellow of the California Academy of Sciences and the Society of Marine Mammalogy. His research focuses on the ecology and physiology of marine mammals and seabirds, primarily on their movement and distribution patterns to understand their habitat needs. Dr. Costa’s Antarctica research started in 1978 and has included the Ross Sea, the Antarctic Peninsula, and the sub-Antarctic Islands of South Georgia, Auckland, and the Falklands. He has been a pioneer in the use of animals to collect oceanographic data. Dr. Costa was chief scientist for two Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics winter cruises to the Antarctic Peninsula. He has collaborated with the U.S. Antarctic Marine Living Resource-National Marine Fisheries Service, the British Antarctic Survey, the Australian Antarctic Division, and the French and New Zealand Antarctic Programs. The Costa Spur on the Victoria Land Coast was named to recognize his contributions to Antarctic Research. Dr. Costa has served on international science steering committees, including the Integrated Climate and Ecosystem Dynamics program, Census of Marine Life, Southern Ocean Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics, Climate Impacts on Oceanic Top Predators, Southern Ocean Observing System, and Integrated Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecosystem Research. He is active in the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research and is a U.S. representative to the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research. Dr. Costa earned his Ph.D. in biology from the University of California, Santa Cruz. He is a

member of the National Academies Ocean Studies Board and has served on three previous activities, most recently, a planning committee member for the Technology Developments to Advance Antarctic Research workshop held in 2021. He was a contributing author on Changing Ocean, Marine Ecosystems, and Dependent Communities for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in 2019, which made several conclusions regarding the effect of changing climate on marine ecosystems.

Dr. Jamin Stevens Greenbaum is assistant research geophysicist at the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, a division of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego. His research is focused on the acquisition and synthesis of aerogeophysical and oceanographic data to identify and characterize processes related to ice sheet dynamics, ice–ocean interactions, and continental shelf geology. Dr. Greenbaum has led or participated in 14 expeditions to Antarctica and 2 to Greenland, where he has operated airborne, shipborne, and ground-based instruments to understand the ice and surrounding ocean. He is a former Fulbright U.S. scholar and past recipient of the Antarctica Service Medal, as well as NASA Operation Ice Bridge Instrument Team Group Achievement Award from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Dr. Greenbaum received B.S. and M.S. degrees in aerospace engineering, and a Ph.D. in geophysics from the University of Texas at Austin. Dr. Greenbaum was an uncompensated board member of the Ocean Research Project from October 2014 to April 2020. He received free software from Seequent Limited for geophysical data analysis without restrictions on the conduct of the research or the publication of the results. Dr. Greenbaum was a signatory on a letter sent to the National Science Board, the director of the National Science Foundation, the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy and other science policy leaders, regarding the design of the new U.S. Antarctic Research Vessel. This letter documented what the signatories believed were several key components that were missing from the preliminary vessel design.

Dr. Ying-Tsong (YT) Lin was associate scientist with tenure in the Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering Department at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution when the committee was formed and during the major part of the report preparation period. He is now Victor C. Alderson chair professor of applied ocean science at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego. Dr. Lin also holds an adjunct professor position in the Ocean Engineering Department at the University of Rhode Island. His primary research interests include ocean acoustics, acoustical oceanography, signal processing, and internal gravity waves. His most recent research focus is on distributed hydrophone array networks, which combine 3D acoustics, autonomous underwater vehicle technology, and high-performance signal processing for detection, classification, and localization. Dr. Lin recently led a Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution group, winning a grand prize from the W. M. Keck Foundation to build the first real-time 3D acoustic telescope. He has received the prestigious A. B. Wood Medal from the United Kingdom’s Institute of Acoustics in 2015, and the Medwin Prize in acoustical oceanography from the Acoustical Society of America in 2018. Dr. Lin is a fellow of the Acoustical Society of America and the 12th person in history and the first person of Asian descent to visit the bottom of Challenger Deep, the deepest-known point of the ocean on Earth. He received an M.S. and Ph.D. in ocean engineering from National Taiwan University and a B.S. in ocean engineering from Taiwan and National Cheng Kung University.

Dr. Heather J. Lynch is the Institute for Advanced Computational Sciences endowed chair for ecology and evolution at Stony Brook University. Her research is dedicated to understanding the biogeography and population dynamics of Antarctic wildlife, particularly Antarctic penguins, using a suite of research platforms, including U.S. research vessels, commercial cruise ships, and smaller yachts. Dr. Lynch has also developed tools for using satellite imagery to survey wildlife and has led several research efforts to unite high-resolution commercial imagery and high-performance computing for imagery-enabled science in the polar regions. She received the CAREER Award from the National Science Foundation for her work on the spatial dynamics of Antarctic penguins and was elected an early career fellow of the Ecological Society of America. Dr. Lynch has been awarded the Blavatnik National Medal for Young Scientists, selected as a Leshner Leadership Fellow by the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and recognized as a Pew Marine Conservation Fellow. Dr. Lynch has an A.B. in physics from Princeton University, M.A. in physics from Harvard University, and Ph.D. in organismic and evolutionary biology

from Harvard University. Dr. Lynch has served on the Science and Operations Advisory Committee of the University of Minnesota’s Polar Geospatial Center since 2018, and currently serves as that committee’s chair.

Dr. W. Berry Lyons is professor at The Ohio State University. Although he trained as a marine scientist, most of Lyons’s research over the past 30 years has been focused on the geochemistry and biogeochemistry of streams, rivers, and lakes. The work has ranged from the relationship of chemical and physical weathering, the impact of climate change on the biogeochemistry of polar aquatic systems, the study of subglacial aquatic systems in Antarctica, and the impact of agricultural practices and urbanization on water quality. Dr. Lyons was co–principal investigator (PI) on the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long-Term Ecological Research group project in Antarctica for 24 years, including acting as the lead PI from 1997 to 2008. He served as a U.S. representative to the Geoscience Standing Group for the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research and as former director of the Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center and the School of Earth Sciences at Ohio State. Dr. Lyons is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the Geological Society of America, and the American Geophysical Union. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Connecticut. He served as chair of the 2006 National Academies study Toward an Integrated Arctic Observing Network. Dr. Lyons coauthored “Enhanced Trace Element Mobilization by Earth’s Ice Sheets” in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in 2020, related to the impact of climate change on glacier retreat, subsurface hydrology, and the physical and chemical characteristics of the coastal ocean. He also coauthored “Groundwater Discharge to the Western Antarctic Coastal Ocean” in Polar Research in 2019, related to the impact of ice sheets on biogeochemical cycles of marine systems.

Dr. Ted Maksym is associate scientist with tenure at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. He studies sea ice properties and variability, and its interactions with the climate, ocean, ice shelves, and ecosystems. His work involves a combination of field measurements, satellite remote sensing, and modeling to understand the changing ice cover. Dr. Maksym has been at the forefront of the use and development of novel technology to address these problems, including autonomous vehicles and drifting platforms. He has participated in over a dozen research icebreaker expeditions to both the Arctic and Antarctic, including on seven different icebreakers from four counties, and several Arctic ice camps. His current research interests include the development and implementation of autonomous tools that can explore the Antarctic without the need for expensive logistics. He received a bachelor of science and engineering from Queen’s University in Canada in 1992, and a Ph.D. in geophysics from the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, in 2001. He was a participant in the National Academies workshop on Antarctic Sea Ice Variability in the Southern Climate-Ocean System. He coauthored the article “Delivering Sustained, Coordinated and Integrated Observations of the Southern Ocean for Global Impact” in Frontiers of Marine Science in 2019, related to priorities for future observational technologies. Dr. Maksym was a cosignatory for the article “Solve Antarctica’s Sea-Ice Puzzle” as a comment in Nature in 2017.

Dr. Jill Mikucki is associate professor of microbiology at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. She is a polar microbial ecologist who studies ice-covered Antarctic ecosystems. Her research interests include the ecophysiology of microbial extremophiles, microbial interactions, and microbial community structure, function, and activity across environmental gradients. Her work is highly collaborative and employs a diversity of tools, from remote sensing to isotope geochemistry and culture and molecular microbiology. Dr. Mikucki has participated in numerous Antarctic field projects, including the sampling of subglacial Lake Whillans and Blood Falls. She received her Ph.D. in Antarctic microbial ecology from Montana State University in 2005, her M.S. from Portland State University, and her B.A. from the University of North Carolina Wilmington.

Dr. Weisen Shen is assistant professor of geophysics at the Department of Geosciences, Stony Brook University. His research interests are seismic tomography and the seismic, thermal, and compositional structure of the Earth’s lithosphere. Dr. Shen has published on topics ranging from the geothermal heat flux of the continent to the uplift history of the Transantarctic Mountains. He has participated in field trips to the Ross Ice Shelf and the South Pole to collect seismic data for Ross Ice Shelf and Polar Earth Observing Network projects. Dr. Shen is recipient of the Antarctica Service Medal from the National Science Foundation and the Keitti Aki Early Career Scientist award

from the American Geophysical Union. He obtained his Ph.D. in geophysics at the University of Colorado Boulder in 2014, and he was a postdoc research associate at the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis between 2015 and 2018.

Dr. Andrew Thompson is professor of environmental science and engineering at the California Institute of Technology and incoming director of the Linde Center for Global Environmental Science. He is a physical oceanographer focusing on ocean circulation and mixing. Dr. Thompson is especially interested in processes that link the ocean to other components of the climate system in polar regions, including the atmosphere, cryosphere, and marine ecosystems. His research group combines analysis of observations collected by satellite, ship-based, and autonomous platforms with the design of high-resolution, processed-based numerical simulations. He has more than 10 years of experience deploying and piloting ocean gliders in the Southern Ocean. Dr. Thompson was awarded the Ocean Science Early Career Award by the American Geophysical Union and was named a Packard Fellow for Science and Engineering. He earned his Ph.D. from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in 2006, his master’s degrees from the University of Cambridge in applied mathematics in 2001 and 2002, and his bachelor’s degree from Dartmouth College in 2000. Dr. Thompson was a signatory on a letter sent to the National Science Board, the director of the National Science Foundation, the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, and other science policy leaders, regarding the design of the new U.S. Antarctic Research Vessel. This letter documented what the signatories believed were several key components that were missing from the preliminary vessel design.

STAFF

Caroline Bell is an Associate Program Officer with the Ocean Sciences Board. Previously, she was deputy commander of the International Ice Patrol for the U.S. Coast Guard. She has an M.S. in physical oceanography from the University of Washington.

Miles Lansing is a Senior Program Assistant with the Board on Earth Sciences and Resources and the Water Science and Technology Board. He has a bachelor’s in political science from the University of Pittsburgh.

Morgan Disbrow-Monz is a Program Officer with the Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate and the Polar Research Board. She has a Ph.D. in geological and earth sciences/geosciences from the University of Minnesota.

Margo Regier is a Program Officer for the Board on Earth Sciences and Resources and the Water Science and Technology Board. She has a Ph.D. in earth sciences from the University of Alberta.

This page intentionally left blank.