Previous Chapter: Appendix B: Committee Biographies
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

References

CHAPTER 1

Abraham, K. (2022). Big data and official statistics. The Review of Income and Wealth, 68(4), 835–861. https://doi.org/10.1111/roiw.12617

Abraham, K., Jarmin, R., Moyer, B., & Shapiro, M. (2022). Big data for 21st century economic statistics: The future is now. Big Data for Twenty-First-Century Economic Statistics, 79, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226801391.003.0001

Advisory Committee on Data for Evidence Building. (2022). Year 2 report. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Department of Commerce. https://www.bea.gov/system/files/2022-10/acdeb-year-2-report.pdf

Aeppli, C., & Wilmers, N. (2022), Rapid wage growth at the bottom has offset rising US. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 119(42). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2204305119

Aguiar, M., & Bils, M. (2015). Has consumption inequality mirrored income inequality? American Economic Review, 105(9), 2725–2756. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20120599

Aladangady, A., Bricker, J., Chang, A., Goodman, S., Krimmel, J., Moore, K., Reber, S., Volz, A., & Windle, R. (2023). Changes in U.S. family finances from 2019 to 2022: Evidence from the Survey of Consumer Finances. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. https://doi.org/10.17016/8799

Alvaredo, F. (2011). A note on the relationship between top income shares and the Gini coefficient. Economic Letters, 110(3), 274–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2010.10.008

Ando, A., & Modigliani, F. (1963). The ‘Life Cycle’ hypothesis of saving: Aggregate implications and tests. The American Economic Review, 53(1), 55–84. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/1923.003.0005

Arellanoa, M., Blundell, R., Bonhomme, S., & Light, J. (2023). Heterogeneity of consumption responses to income shocks in the presence of nonlinear persistence. Journal of Econometrics, 240(2), 105449. https://doi.org/10.47004/wp.cem.2023.0723

Armour, P., Burkhauser, R., & Larrimore, J. (2014). Levels and trends in United States income and its distribution: A crosswalk from market income towards a comprehensive Haig-Simons income measure. Southern Economic Journal, 81(2), 271–293.

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Aspen Institute. (2021). Aspen Leadership Forum on Retirement Savings. https://www.aspen-institute.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Retirement-Savings-Reports-2021.pdf

Atkinson, A. (1970). On the measurement of economic inequality. Journal of Economic Theory, 2, 244–263. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0531(70)90039-6

Atkinson, A., & Bourguignon, F. (2000). Handbook of Income Distribution (Volume 1). Elsevier.

Atkinson, A., Piketty, T., & Saez, E. (2011). Top incomes in the long run of history. Journal of Economic Literature, 49(1), 3–71.

Attanasio, O., & Pistaferri, L. (2016). Consumption inequality. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 30(3), 3–28. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.30.2.3

Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2015, June 25). Frameworks for Australian Social Statistics (4160.0.55.001). https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4160.0.55.001main+features4Jun+2015

Auten, G., & Splinter, D. (forthcoming). Income inequality in the United States: Using tax data to measure long-term trends. Journal of Political Economy.

Avtar, R., Chakrabarti, R., & Chatterji-Len, K. (2021). Uneven distribution of household debt by gender, race, and education. Liberty Street Economics, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

Bauluz, L., & Meyer, T. (2023). The wealth of generations. SSRN. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3834260

Benhabib, J., Bisin, A. & Zhu, S. (2011). The distribution of wealth and fiscal policy in economies with finitely lived agents. Econometrica, 79, 123–157. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41057439

Black, S., Devereux, P., Lundborg, P., & Majlesi, K. (2020). Poor little rich kids? The role of nature versus nurture in wealth and other economics outcomes and behaviours. The Review of Economic Studies, 87, 1683–1725. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26934238

Blanchet, T., Saez, E., & Zucman, G. (2022). Real-time inequality (NBER Working Paper No. 30229). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w30229/w30229.pdf

Blanden, J., Eyles., A., & Machin, S. (2023). Intergenerational home ownership. Journal of Economic Inequality, 21(2). https://rdcu.be/dgFTC

Bloome, D. (2014). Racial inequality trends and intergenerational persistence of income and family structure. American Sociological Review, 79(6), 1196–1225. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0003122414554947

Blount, D., & Minoff, E. (2022). The child tax credit & family economic security: Findings from the Center for the Study of Social Policy’s Survey of Families with Children. Center for the Study of Social Policy. https://cssp.org/resource/the-child-tax-credit-family-economic-security

Blundell, R. (2014). Income dynamics and life-cycle inequality: Mechanisms and controversies. Economic Journal, 124, 289–318. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42919311

Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. (2023). Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF). The Federal Reserve System. https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/scfindex.htm

___. (2024). Distributional financial accounts. The Federal Reserve System. https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/z1/dataviz/dfa/distribute/chart/#quarter:135;series:Net%20worth;demographic:education;population:all;units:levels;range:1990.1,2023.2

Bourquin, P., Brewer, M., & Wernham, T. (2022). Trends in income and wealth inequalities. Inequality: IFS Deaton Review of Inequalities. Institute for Fiscal Studies, Nuffield Foundation, ESRC Centre for the Microeconomic Analysis of Public Policy. https://ifs.org.uk/inequality/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Trends-in-income-and-wealth-inequalities-IFS-Deaton-Review-of-Inequality-final.pdf

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Boushey, H. (2021, May 27). Importance for policy, research, and public discourse [Presentation]. Presentation to the Planning Committee for an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Brooks, J. R. (2018). The definitions of income. Georgetown University Law Center. https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub/1952

Brummet, Q., Flanagan-Doyle, D., Mitchell, J., Voorheis, J., Erhard, L., & McBride, B. (2018). Investigating the use of administrative records in the Consumer Expenditure Survey (CARRA Working Paper No. 2018-01). Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/working-papers/2018/adrm/carra-wp-2018-01.html

Buhmann, B., Rainwater, L., Schmaus, G., & Smeeding, T. (1988). Equivalence scales, wellbeing, inequality, and poverty: Sensitivity estimates across ten countries using the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS) Database. The Review of Income and Wealth, 34(2), 115–142. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4991.1988.tb00564.x

Bureau of Economic Analysis. (2023a). Concepts and Methods of the U.S. National Income and Product Accounts. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Department of Commerce. December 2023. https://www.bea.gov/resources/methodologies/nipa-handbook/pdf/all-chapters.pdf

Bureau of Economic Analysis. (2023b). Distribution of personal income. Department of Commerce. https://www.bea.gov/data/special-topics/distribution-of-personal-income

Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2023). Consumer Expenditure Survey. Department of Labor. https://www.bls.gov/cex/cecomparison/cps_profile.htm#:~:text=As%20seen%20in%20Chart%201,%2C%20definitional%2C%20and%20measurement%20differences

Burkhauser, R., Corinth, K., Elwell, J., & Larrimore, J. (2023). Evaluating the success of the War on Poverty since 1963 using an absolute full-income poverty measure. Journal of Political Economy, 132(1), 1–47. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/725705

Canberra Group. (2011). Handbook on household income statistics (2nd ed.). United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. https://unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/stats/groups/cgh/Canbera_Handbook_2011_WEB.pdf

Carroll, C., Slacalek, J., Tokuoka, K., & White, M. (2017). The distribution of wealth and the marginal propensity to consume. Quantitative Economics, 8, 977–1020. https://doi.org/10.3982/QE694

Case, A., & Deaton, A. (2023, September 28–29). Account for the widening mortality gap between American adults with and without a BA (Brookings Papers on Economic Activity Conference Draft). Brookings Institution. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/1_Case-Deaton_unembargoed.pdf

Census Bureau. (1986, December 12–14). Conference on the Measurement of Noncash Benefits: Proceedings (Volume 1). Washington, DC. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/working-papers/1985/demo/measurementconf.pdf

Census Bureau. (2017, September 17). Was median household income in 2016 the highest median household income ever reported from the Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement? Random Samplings. https://www.census.gov/newsroom/blogs/random-samplings/2017/09/was_median_household.html#:~:text=The%202016%20data%20showed%20that,(%2458%2C665%20in%202016%20dollars)

Chancel, L., Piketty, T., Saez, E., & Zucman, G. (2022). World inequality report 2022. World Inequality Lab. https://wir2022.wid.world/

Chetty, R. (2022, May 16). Measuring economic mobility using administrative data: Progress to date and opportunities for improvement [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research. Washington, DC.

Chetty, R., Grusky, D., Hell, M., Hendren, N., Manduca, R., & Narang, J. (2017). The fading American Dream: Trends in absolute income mobility since 1940. Science, 356(6336), 398–406.

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Chetty, R., Hendren, N., Jones, M., & Porter, S. (2018). Race and economic opportunity in the United States: An intergenerational perspective (NBER Working Paper No. 24441). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w24441/w24441.pdf

Chetty, R., Hendren, N., Kline, P., & Saez, E. (2014). Where is the land of opportunity? the geography of intergenerational mobility in the United States (NBER Working Paper No. 19843). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w19843/w19843.pdf

Clark, J. (1899). The distribution of wealth: A theory of wages, interest and profits. Macmillan.

Clemens, A., & Boushey, H. (2018, March 28). Disaggregating growth: Who prospers when the economy grows. Washington Center for Equitable Growth. https://equitablegrowth.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/032817-DINA-report.pdf

Congressional Budget Office. (2023, November 14). The distribution of household income in 2020. https://www.cbo.gov/publication/59509

Cooper, D., Cynamon, B., & Fazzari, S. (2023). Sustainable consumption and the comprehensive economic well-being of American households (Working Paper No. 23-5). Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.

Corak, M. (2013). Income inequality, equality of opportunity, and intergenerational mobility. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 27(3), 79–103. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.27.3.79

Coulter, F., Cowell, F., & Jenkins, S. (1992). Equivalence scale relativities and the extent of inequality and poverty. Economic Journal, 102(414), 1067–1082.

Creamer, J., & Unrath, M. (2023). End of pandemic-era expanded federal tax programs results in lower income, higher poverty [Fact sheet]. Census Bureau.

Cutler, D., & Katz, L. (1991). Macroeconomic performance and the disadvantaged. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2, 1–74. https://doi.org/10.2307/2534589

Czajka, J., & Denmead, G. (2008). Income data for policy analysis: A comparative assessment of eight surveys: Final report. Mathematica Policy Research. https://aspe.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/private/pdf/75721/report.pdf

Deaton, A. (2020, June 18). GDP and beyond: Summaries from the 2020 Annual Meeting of the American Economic Association. Survey of Current Business, 100(6). Bureau of Economic Analysis, Department of Commerce. https://apps.bea.gov/scb/issues/2020/06-june/0620-beyond-gdp-deaton.htm

Deaton, A. (2022, May 16). Thoughts on the measurement of consumption, income, and wealth [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research, Washington, DC.

Desmond, M. (2023). Poverty, by America. Crown.

Deutscher, N., & Mazumder, B. (2023). Measuring intergenerational income mobility: A synthesis of approaches. Journal of Economic Literature, 61(3), 988–1036. https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.20211413

Dwyer, R. E. (2018). Credit, debt, and inequality. Annual Review of Sociology, 44, 237–261. https://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-060116-053420

Eggleston, J., & Klee, M. (2016). Reassessing wealth data quality in the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SEHSD Working Paper 2016-17). Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/working-papers/2016/demo/SEHSD-WP2016-17.pdf

Eurostat. (2020). Interaction of household income, consumption and wealth–statistics on taxation. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statisticsexplained/index.php?title=Interaction_of_household_incomeconsumption_and_wealth_%E2%80%93_statistics_on_taxation

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Fesseau, M., & Mattonetti, M. (2013). Distributional measures across household groups in a national accounts framework: Results from an experimental cross-country exercise on household income, consumption and saving (OECD Statistics Working Paper No. 2013-04). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. https://doi.org/10.1787/5k3wdjqr775f-en

Fisher, J., & Johnson, D. (2021). Inequality and mobility over the past half century using income, consumption, and wealth. In R. Chetty, J. Friedman, J. Gornick, B. Johnson, & A. Kennickell (Eds.), Measuring distribution and mobility of income and wealth. University of Chicago Press. https://www.nber.org/books-and-chapters/measuring-distribution-and-mobility-income-and-wealth/distributional-financial-accounts-united-states

___. (2023). Intergenerational mobility using income, consumption, and wealth (Equitable Growth Working Paper). Washington Center for Equitable Growth. https://equitablegrowth.org/working-papers/intergenerational-mobility-using-income-consumption-and-wealth/

Fisher, J., Johnson, D., Smeeding, T., & Thompson, J. (2022). Inequality in 3-D: Income, consumption, and wealth. The Review of Income and Wealth, 68(1), 16–42. https://doi.org/10.1111/roiw.12509

Fisher, J., Schild, J., & Johnson, D. (2024). Spending responses to the Child Tax Credit Expansions (Equitable Growth Working Paper). Washington Center for Equitable Growth. https://equitablegrowth.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/040224-WP-Spending-Responses-to-the-Child-Tax-Credit-Expansions-Fisher-Schild-and-Johnson.pdf

Fixler, D., Gindelsky, M., & Johnson, D. (2020). Measuring inequality in the National Accounts (BEA Working Paper No. 2020-3). Bureau of Economic Analysis, Department of Commerce. https://apps.bea.gov/data/special-topics/distribution-of-personal-income/measuring-inequality-in-thenational-accounts.pdf

Fixler, D., & Johnson, D. (2014). Accounting for the distribution of income in the U.S. National Accounts. In D. Jorgenson, J. S. Landefeld, & P. Schreyer (Eds.), Measuring economic stability and progress. University of Chicago Press.

Fixler, D., Johnson, D., Furlong, K., & Craig, A. (2017). Toward national and regional distributions of personal income. Survey of Current Business. https://apps.bea.gov/scb/pdf/2017/03%20March/0317_national_and_regional_distributions_of_personal_income.pdf

Fomby, P., & Johnson, D. (2022). Continuity and change in US children’s family composition, 1968–2017. Demography, 59(2), 731–760. https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-9783507

Friedman, M. (1957). A theory of the Consumption Function. Princeton University Press.

___. (1962). Capitalism and freedom. University of Chicago Press.

Gale, W. (2023, January 30). Alternative measures of saving, dissaving, and income [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research, Washington, DC.

Gale, W., & Vignaux, S. (2023, September 7). The difference between how the wealthy make money—and pay taxes. Brookings Blog. https://www.brookings.edu/articles/the-difference-in-how-the-wealthy-make-money-and-pay-taxes/

Galston, W. (2023, September 14). Why so many Americans are unhappy about the economy. Brookings Institution Commentary. https://www.brookings.edu/articles/why-so-many-americans-are-unhappy-about-the-economy/

Ganong, P., Jones, D., Noel, P., Greig, F., Farrell, D., & Wheat, C. (2020). Wealth, race, and consumption smoothing of typical income shocks (NBER Working Paper No. 27552). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w27552/w27552.pdf

Ganong, P., & Noel, P. (2020). Liquidity versus wealth in household debt obligations: Evidence from housing policy in the Great Recession. American Economic Review, 110(10), 3100–3138. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20181243

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Garner, T., Martin, R., Matsumoto, B., & Curtin, S. (2022). Distribution of U.S. personal consumption expenditures for 2019: A prototype based on consumer expenditure survey data (BLS Working Paper No. 557). Bureau of Labor Statistics, Department of Labor. https://www.bls.gov/osmr/research-papers/2022/pdf/ec220120.pdf

Gelman, M., & Stephens, M. (2022). Lessons learned from Economic Impact Payments during COVID-19. In W. Edelberg, L. Sheiner, & D. Wessel (Eds.), Recession remedies. Brookings Institution.

Gennetian, L., Sciandra, M., Sanbonmatsu, L., Duncan, G., Kessler, R., & Kling, J. (2013). Long-term effects of the Moving to Opportunity residential-mobility experiment on crime and delinquency. Journal of Experimental Criminology, 9(4), 451–89. https://harris.uchicago.edu/files/inline-files/JECMTOpaper2013.pdf

Gilarine, M., Graham, J., & Zheng, A. (2023). Public education and intergenerational housing wealth effects (NBER Working Paper No. 31345). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w31345

Gindelsky, M., & Martin, R. (2023, July 17). What money can buy: A joint distribution of personal income and personal consumption expenditures [Conference session]. 64th ISI World Statistics Congress. Ottawa, Canada.

Global Repository of Income Dynamics. (2023). Tables. https://www.grid-database.org/

Gonzalez, D., Maag, E., & Karpman, M. (2024, January 10). In the absence of the expanded child tax credit, many families with children faced material hardship in 2022. Urban Institute. https://www.urban.org/research/publication/absence-expanded-child-tax-credit-many-families-children-faced-material

Gornick, J. (2021, May 27). The Luxembourg Income Study database [Presentation]. Presentation to the Planning Committee for an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research, Washington, DC.

Gramm, P., Ekelund, R., & Early, J. (2022). The Myth of American inequality: How government biases policy debate. Littlefield Publishers.

Guvenan, F., Pistaferri, L., & Violante, G. (2022). Global trends in income inequality and income dynamics: New insights from GRID (NBER Working Paper No. 30524). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w30524

Guzman, G., & Kollar, M. (2023). Income in the United States: 2022 (Current Population Reports No. P60-279). Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2023/demo/p60-279.pdf

Habib, B., & Heller, R. (2022). Current work on the distributional analysis of household income resulting from policy changes (CBO Working Paper No. 2022-09). Congressional Budget Office.

Haig, R. (1921). The federal income tax. Columbia University Press.

Hall, R. E. (1979). Stochastic implications of the life cycle-permanent income hypothesis: Theory and evidence. Journal of Political Economy, 86(6), 971–987.

Hamilton, L., Roll, S., Despard, M., Maag, E., Chun, Y., Brugger, L., & Grinstein-Weiss, M. (2022). The impacts of the 2021 expanded child tax credit on family employment, nutrition, and financial well-being: Findings from the Social Policy Institute’s Child Tax Credit Panel (Wave 2). Brookings Institution. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Child-Tax-Credit-Report-Final_Updated.pdf

Han, J., Meyer, B., & Sullivan, J. (2020, August 6). Income and poverty in the COVID-19 pandemic (BPEA post-conference draft). Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. Brookings Institution. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Han_Meyer_Sullivan_BPEA-2020-Post-Conference-Draft.pdf

Haney, L. (2018). Incarcerated fatherhood: The entanglements of child support debt and mass imprisonment. American Journal of Sociology, 124(1), 1–48. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/697580

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Hardy, B., Collyer, S., & Christopher, T. (2023). The antipoverty effects of the expanded child tax credit across states: Where were the historic reductions felt? The Hamilton Project, Brookings Institution. https://www.hamiltonproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/20230301_ES_THP_CTCbyState.pdf

Heathcote, J., Perri, F., & Violante, G. (2010). Unequal we stand: An empirical analysis of economic inequality in the U.S., 1967–2006. Review of Economic Dynamics, 13(1), 15–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.red.2009.10.010

Heathcote, J., Perri, F., Violante, G., & Zhang, L. (2023). More unequal we stand? Inequality dynamics in the United States 1967–2021 (NBER Working Paper No. 31486). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/papers/w31486

Hendren, N., Boning, W., Sprung-Keyser, B., & Stuart, E. (2023). A welfare analysis of tax audits across the income distribution (NBER Working Paper No. 31376). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/papers/w31376

Hintermeier, T., & Koeniger, W. (2011). On the evolution of the U.S. consumer wealth distribution. Review of Economic Dynamics, 14(2), 317–338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.red.2010.10.003

Houle, J. N. (2014). Disparities in debt: Parents’ socioeconomic resources and young adult student loan debt. Sociology of Education, 87(1), 53–69. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038040713512213

Irwin, N. (2014, September 16). You can’t feed a family with G.D.P. The Upshot, New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/17/upshot/you-cant-feed-a-family-with-gdp.html

Jacobs, L., Llanes, E., Moore, K., Thompson, J., & Volz, A. (2021). Wealth concentration in the United States using an expanded measure of net worth (Research Department Working Paper No. 21-6). Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. https://www.bostonfed.org/publications/research-department-working-paper/2021/wealth-concentration-in-the-united-states-using-an-expanded-measure-of-net-worth.aspx

Jácome, E., Kuziemko, I., & Naidu, S. (2021). Mobility for all: Representative intergenerational mobility estimates over the 20th Century (NBER Working Paper No. 28289). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w29289/revisions/w29289.rev0.pdf

Jarmin, R. (2019). Evolving measurement for an evolving economy: Thoughts on 21st century U.S. economic statistics. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 33(1), 165–184. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.33.1.165

Jarmin, R., & O’Hara, A. (2019). Big data and the transformation of public policy analysis. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 35(3), 715–721. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43867163

Jenkins, S., & Cowell, F. (1994). Parametric equivalence scales and scale relativities. Economic Journal, 104(425), 891–900. https://doi.org/10.2307/2234983

Johnson, D., & Shipp, S. (1997). Trends in inequality using consumption expenditures. Review of Income and Wealth, 43(2), 133–152.

Johnson, D., Rogers, J., & Tan, L. (2001). A century of family budgets in the United States. Monthly Labor Review, 124(5). https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2001/05/art3full.pdf

Johnson, D. S., Smeeding, T. M. (2015). Income distribution and inequality: Measurement issues. In J. D. Wright (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.; pp. 732–738). Elsevier.

Kaplan, G., Violante, G., & Weidner, J. (2014). The wealthy hand-to-mouth. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. Brookings Institute. https://www.brookings.edu/articles/the-wealthy-hand-to-mouth/

Kent, A., & Ricketts, L. (2024). U.S. wealth inequality: Gaps remain despite widespread wealth gains. Open Vault Blog. St. Louis Federal Reserve. https://www.stlouisfed.org/open-vault/2024/feb/us-wealth-inequality-widespread-gains-gaps-remain

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

King, W. (1927). Wealth distribution in the continental United States at the close of 1921. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 22(158), 135–153. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1927.10502947

Koşar, G., Melcangi, D., Pilossoph, L., & Wiczer, D. (2023). Stimulus through insurance: The marginal propensity to repay debt (IZA Discussion Paper No. 16211). Institute of Labor Economics. https://docs.iza.org/dp16211.pdf

Kramer-Mills, C., Nair, A., Rodriguez, B., & Scally, J. (2024). The state of low-income America: Credit access & housing. Federal Reserve Bank of New York. https://www.newyorkfed.org/medialibrary/media/newsevents/news/regional_outreach/2024/the-state-of-low-income-america-credit-access-housing-jan-24

Krueger, D. (2012, January 12). The rise and consequences of inequality [Speech]. Center for American Progress. Washington, DC. https://www.americanprogress.org/events/2012/01/12/17181/the-rise-and-consequences-of-inequality/

Krueger, D., Mitman, K., & Perri, F. (2016). Macroeconomics and household heterogeneity. In J. Taylor & H. Uhlig (Eds.), Handbook of Macroeconomics (Volume 2; pp. 843–921). Elsevier.

Krueger, D., & Perri, F. (2006). Does income inequality lead to consumption inequality? Evidence and theory. Review of Economic Studies, 73(1), 163–193. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-937X.2006.00373.x

Krusell, P., & Smith, A. (1998). Income and wealth heterogeneity in the macroeconomy. Journal of Political Economy, 106(5), 867–896. https://doi.org/10.1086/250034

Kuhn, M., Schularick, M., & Steins, U. (2018). Income and wealth inequality in America, 1949–2016. Journal of Political Economy, 128(9), 3469–3519.

Kuznets, S. (1934, June). National income, 1929–1932. National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/books/kuzn34-1

Lampman, R. (1962). The share of top wealth-holders in national wealth, 1922-56. National Bureau of Economic Research Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. https://www.nber.org/books/lamp62-1

Larrimore, J., Burkhauser, R., Auten, G., & Armour, P. (2021). Recent trends in U.S. income distributions in tax record data using more comprehensive measures of income including accrued capital gains. Journal of Political Economy, 129(5), 1319–1360. https://doi.org/10.1086/713098

Leonhardt, D. (2023, November 16). A surprising shift in economics. The Morning. New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/16/briefing/economic-policy-bidenomics.html

Levy, H. (2023). [How should health insurance transfers be included in income measurement?] Commissioned paper for the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Ludwig, J., Duncan, G., Gennetian, L., Katz, L., Kessler, R., Kling, J., & Sanbonmatsu, L. (2013). Long-term neighborhood effects on low-income families: Evidence from Moving to Opportunity. American Economic Review, 103(2), 226–231. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.103.3.226

Luxembourg Income Study. (2023). Tables of key estimates. https://www.lisdatacenter.org/

Mazumder, B. (2018). Intergenerational mobility in the United States: What we have learned from the PSID. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 680(1), 213–234. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716218794129

McCulla, S., Moses, K., & Moulton, B. (2015). The National Income and Product Accounts and the System of National Accounts 2008: Comparison and Research Plans. Survey of Current Business. Bureau of Economic Analysis. https://apps.bea.gov/scb/pdf/2015/06%20June/0615_nipas-sna.pdf

Meyer, B., Mok, W., & Sullivan, J. (2015). Household surveys in crisis. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 29(4), 199–226. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles/pdf/doi/10.1257/jep.29.4.199

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Meyer, B., & Sullivan, J. (2023). Consumption and income inequality in the United States since the 1960s. Journal of Political Economy, 131(2), 247–284. https://doi.org/10.1086/721702

Mian, A., Straub, L., & Sufi, A. (2020a). Indebted demand (NBER Working Paper No. 26940). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/papers/w26940

___. (2020b). The saving glut of the rich and the rise in household debt (NBER Working Paper No. 26941). National Bureau of Economic Research. http://www.nber.org/papers/w26941

Milanovic, B. (2016). Global inequality: A new approach for the age of globalization. Harvard University Press.

Mitchell, W., King, W., Macaulay, F., & Knauth, O. (2021). Income in the United States: Its amount and distribution, 1909–1919, Volume 1. National Bureau of Economic Research.

Mulligan, C. (1997). Parental priorities and economic inequality. University of Chicago Press.

Nagaraja, C. (2020). Measuring society. CRC Press.

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2023a). Toward a 21st century national data infrastructure: Mobilizing information for the common good. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/26688

___. (2023b). An updated measure of poverty: (Re)drawing the line. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/26825

___. (2023c). Toward a 21st century national data infrastructure: Enhancing survey programs by using multiple data sources. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/26804

___. (2023d). Reducing intergenerational poverty. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/27058

___. (2024). Toward a 21st century national data infrastructure: Managing privacy and confidentiality risks with blended data. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/27335

National Research Council. (2005). Beyond the market: Designing nonmarket accounts for the United States. The National Academies Press.

___. (2007). Understanding business dynamics: An integrated data system for America’s future. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/11844.

Nolan, B., Roser, M., & Thewissen, S. (2018). GDP per capita versus median household income: What gives rise to the divergence over time and how does this vary across OECD countries? The Review of Income and Wealth, 65(3), 465–682. https://doi.org/10.1111/roiw.12362

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2013). OECD framework for statistics on the distribution of household income, consumption and wealth. OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org/statistics/framework-for-statistics-on-thedistribution-of-household-income-consumption-and-wealth-9789264194830-en.htm

___. (2024). Guidance note for distribution of household income, consumption and wealth. OECD Publishing.

Parker, J., Schild, J., Erhard, L., & Johnson, D. (2022). Economic impact payments and household spending during the pandemic. BPEA Conference Drafts. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Parker-et-al-BPEA-Conference-Draft-BPEA-FA22.pdf

Parolin, Z. (2023). Poverty in the pandemic: Policy lessons from COVID-19. Russell Sage Foundation Press.

Parolin, Z., Curran, M., Matsudaira, J., Waldfogel, J., & Wimer, C. (2022). Estimating monthly poverty rates in the United States. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 41(4), 1177–1203.

Pfeffer, F., & Killewald, A. (2018). Generations of advantage: Multigenerational correlations in family wealth. Social Forces, 96(4), 1411–1442. https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/sox086

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Piketty, T., Saez, E., & Zucman, G. (2018). Distributional national accounts: Methods and estimates for the United States. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 133(2), 553–609. https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjx043

Porter, E. (2023, April 20). Migration’s root cause isn’t that complicated. Bloomberg. https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2023-04-20/migration-s-root-cause-isn-t-that-complicated?embedded-checkout=true

Poterba, J. (2023, January 30). Measuring pension income and wealth [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Renwick, T. (2020, November 23). Proposed changes to the Supplemental Poverty Measure [Conference session]. Southern Economic Association Conference, Washington, DC.

Rohwedder, S., Hurd, M., & Hudomiet, P. (2022). Explanations for the decline in spending at older ages (NBER Working Paper No. 30460). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w30460

Rothbaum, J. (2015). Comparing income aggregates: How do the CPS and ACS match the National Income and Product Accounts, 2007–2012 (SEHSD Working Paper 2015–01). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/working-papers/2015/demo/SEHSD-WP2015-01.pdf

Sabelhaus, J., & Thompson, J. (2022). Racial wealth disparities: Re-considering the roles of human capital and inheritance (Research Department Working Paper No. 22-3). Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. https://www.bostonfed.org/publications/research-department-working-paper/2022/racial-wealth-disparities-reconsidering-the-roles-of-human-capital-and-inheritance.aspx

Saez, E. (2022, May 16). Improving US data on wealth, income, and consumption: From what we have to what we need [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Saez, E., & Zucman. G. (2016). Wealth inequality in the United States since 1913: Evidence from capitalized income tax data. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 131(2), 519–578. https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjw004

Semega, J., Kollar, M., Creamer, J., & Mohanty, A. (2019). Income and poverty in the United States: 2018 (Current Population Report No. P60-266). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2019/demo/p60-266.html

Sen, A. (1997). On economic inequality. Clarendon Press.

Sherman, A., & Van de Water, P. (2019). Reducing cost-of-living adjustment would make poverty line a less accurate measure of basic needs. Center on Budget and Policy Priorities.

Shiro, A., Pulliam, C., Sabelhaus, J., & Smith, E. (2022). Intragenerational wealth mobility in the United States. Brookings Institution. https://www.brookings.edu/articles/stuck-on-the-ladder-intragenerational-wealth-mobility-in-the-united-states/

Simon, K., & Carpenter, R. (2023). [Measuring the value of health insurance for individuals and families]. Paper commissioned for the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Simons, H. (1938). Personal income taxation: The definition of income as a problem of fiscal policy. University of Chicago Press.

Slesnick, D. (1994). Consumption, needs and inequality. International Economic Review, 35(3), 677–703. https://doi.org/10.2307/2527080

Smialek, J., & Casselman, B. (2023, October 18). American household wealth jumped in the pandemic. New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/18/business/economy/american-household-wealth-jumped-in-the-pandemic.html

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Stiglitz, J., Fitoussi, J., & Durand, M. (2018). Beyond GDP: Measuring that counts for economic and social performance. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264307292-en.

Stiglitz, J., Sen, A., & Fitoussi, J. (2009). Report by the Commission on the Measurement of Economic and Social Progress. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/8131721/8131772/Stiglitz-Sen-Fitoussi-Commission-report.pdf

Stone, C., Trisi, D., Sherman, A., & Beltrán, J. (2020). A guide to statistics on historical trends in income inequality. Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. https://www.cbpp.org/research/poverty-and-inequality/a-guide-to-statistics-on-historical-trends-in-income-inequality

Strain, M. (2020). The American Dream is not dead: (But populism could kill it). Templeton Press.

Sullivan, J. X. (2012). Borrowing during unemployment: Unsecured debt as a safety net. Journal of Human Resources, 43, 383–412. https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.43.2.383

Szalai, J. (2023, November 3). Economists ignored inequality for years. Now they can’t stop talking about it. New York Times.

Theil, H. (1967). Economics and information theory. Rand McNally and Company.

Toney, J. (2022). Is there wealth stability across generations in the U.S.? Evidence from panel study, 1984–2017. Contemporary Economic Policy, 40(4), 551–567. https://doi.org/10.1111/coep.12581

Trapeznikova, I. (2019). Measuring income inequality. Institute of Labor Economics.

United Nations. (2023, June 8). Valuing what counts: Framework to progress beyond gross domestic product (Our Common Agenda Policy Brief 4). https://bahrain.un.org/en/download/135598/235459

van Duym, D., & Awuku-Budu, C. (2022). Developing statistics on the distribution of state personal income: Methodology and preliminary results (BEA Working Paper No. 2022-6). Bureau of Economic Analysis. https://www.bea.gov/system/files/papers/BEA-WP2022-6.pdf

Ward, Z. (2021). Intergenerational mobility in American history: Accounting for race and measurement error (NBER Working Paper No. 29256). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w29256

Wheat, C. (2022, October 4). Assessing economic policy with banking data [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Wilson, T. J. (2018). Summary comparison of aggregate consumer expenditures (CE) and personal consumption expenditures (PCE), based on 2007 benchmark and restricted to the most comparable categories on the basis of concepts involved and comprehensiveness, 2010-17 (preliminary) [Table]. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. https://www.bls.gov/cex/pce-compare-201017.xlsx

Wolff, E. (2021). Household wealth trends in the United States, 1962 to 2019: Median wealth rebounds … but not enough (NBER Working Paper No. 28383). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/papers/w28383

___. (2023). Trends in the retirement preparedness of Black and Hispanic households in the US (NBER Working Paper No. 31532). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/w31532

Zhong, M., & Andre, J. (2021). Racial differences in debt delinquencies and implications for retirement preparedness. Urban Institute. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4617519

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

CHAPTER 2

Abraham, K., Jarmin, R., Moyer, B., & Shapiro, M. (2022). Big data for 21st century economic statistics: The future is now. Big Data for Twenty-First-Century Economic Statistics, 79, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226801391.003.0001

Alm, J. (2018). Is the Haig–Simons standard dead? The uneasy case for a comprehensive income tax. National Tax Journal, 71(2), 379–398.

Andrews, D., & Sánchez, A. C. (2011). Drivers of homeownership rates in selected OECD countries (OECD Economics Department Working Paper No. 849). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. https://doi.org/10.1787/5kgg9mcwc7jf-en

Armour, P., Burkhauser, R., & Larrimore, J. (2014). Levels and trends in United States income and its distribution: A crosswalk from market income towards a comprehensive Haig-Simons Income Measure. Southern Economic Journal, 81(2), 271–293. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44114282

Attanasio, O., Hurst, E., & Pistaferri, L. (2012). The evolution of income, consumption, and leisure inequality in the US, 1980–2010 (NBER Working Paper No. 17982). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w17982

Attanasio, O., & Pistaferri, L. (2016). Consumption inequality. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 30(2), 3–28. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles/pdf/doi/10.1257/jep.30.2.3

Aubry, J.-P., Munnell, A., & Wettstein, G. (2023). Wills, wealth, and race (Working Paper No. 2023-10). Center for Retirement Research at Boston College. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:109785

Auten, G., & Splinter, D. (forthcoming). Income inequality in the United States: Using tax data to measure long-term trends. Journal of Political Economy.

Barrero, J., Bloom, N., & Davis. (2021). Why working from home will stick (NBER Working Paper No. 28731). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w28731

Batty, M., Bricker, J., Briggs, J., Holmquist, E., McIntosh, S., Moore, K., Nielsen, E., Reber, S., Shatto, M., Sommer, K., Sweeney, T., & Volz, A. H. (2019). Introducing the distributional financial accounts of the United States. Finance and Economics Discussion Series. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/feds/introducing-the-distributional-financial-accounts-of-the-united-states.htm

Bee, A., Mitchell, J., Mittag, N., Rothbaum, J., Sanders, C., Schmidt, L., & Unrath, M. (2023). National experimental wellbeing statistics (SEHSD Working Paper No. 2023-02). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/working-papers/2023/demo/SEHSD-WP2023-02.html

The Boards of Trustees. (2021). 2021 Annual Report of the the Board of Trustees of the Federal Hospital Insurance and Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Funds. https://www.cms.gov/files/document/2021-medicare-trustees-report.pdf

Brady, P., & Bass, S. (2023). When I’m 64 (or thereabouts): Changes in income from middle age to old age. SSRN. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4453555

Bureau of Economic Analysis. (2023). Concepts and Methods of the U.S. National Income and Product accounts. Department of Commerce. https://www.bea.gov/resources/methodologies/nipa-handbook/pdf/chapters-01-04.pdf

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). (n.d.a). Consumer Expenditure Surveys. U.S. Department of Labor. https://www.bls.gov/cex/

___. (2020). Final report of the interagency technical working group on evaluating alternative measures of poverty. U.S. Department of Labor. https://www.bls.gov/cex/itwg-report.pdf

Burkhauser, R., Larrimore, J., & Simon, K. (2012). Measuring the impact of valuing health insurance on levels and trends in inequality and how the Affordable Care Act of 2010 could affect them. Contemporary Economic Policy, 31(4), 779–794. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7287.2012.00336.x

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Campbell, J., & Deaton, A. (1989). Why is consumption so smooth? The Review of Economic Studies, 56(3), 357–373, https://doi.org/10.2307/2297552

Canberra Group. (2011). Handbook on household income statistics (2nd ed.). United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. https://unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/stats/groups/cgh/Canbera_Handbook_2011_WEB.pdf

Carpenter, R., & Simon, K. (2023). [Measuring the value of health insurance for individuals and families]. Paper commissioned for the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Case, A., & Deaton, A. (2020). Deaths of despair and the future of capitalism. Princeton University Press.

Census Bureau. (n.d.). Summary of comments submitted to Census Bureau’s Federal Register Notice regarding alternative inflation measures for adjusting historical income estimates. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/demo/guidance/income-poverty/record-layouts/data-extracts/Inflation_frn_response.pdf

Cho, C., Matsumoto, B., & Smith, D. (2024, January). A consumption measure for automobiles. Monthly Labor Review. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2024.3

Clemens, J., & Cutler, D. (2014). Who pays for public employee health costs? Journal of Health Economics, 38, 65–76. https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/cutler/files/public_employees.pdf

Commission on Evidence-Based Policymaking. (2017). The promise of evidence-based policymaking: Report of the Commission on Evidence-Based Policymaking. https://www.cep.gov/content/dam/cep/report/cep-final-report.pdf

Congressional Budget Office. (2023, November 14). The distribution of household income in 2020. https://www.cbo.gov/publication/59509

Conway, D. (2020, October 26). Adults age 26 had highest uninsured rate among all ages, followed by 27-year-olds. America Counts: Stories. U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2020/10/uninsured-rates-highest-for-young-adults-aged-19-to-34.html

Creamer, J., Shrider, E. A., Burns, K., & Chen, F. (2022). Poverty in the United States: 2021 (Report No. P60-277). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2022/demo/p60-277.html

Currie, J., & Gahvari, F. (2008). Transfers in cash and in-kind: Theory meets the data. Journal of Economic Literature, 46(2), 333–383. https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.46.2.333

Cutler, D. M. (2006). The economics of health system payment. De Economist, 154(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10645-006-6483-1

Cutler, D., & Katz, L. (1991). Macroeconomic performance and the disadvantaged (BPEA Working Paper No. 2). Brookings Papers on Economic Activity.

Deaton, A. (1993). Understanding consumption. Clarendon Press.

Duncan, G., & Murnane, R. (2011). Whither opportunity. Russell Sage Foundation Press.

European Commission. (2024). Guidance note for distribution of household income, consumption and wealth. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/7894008/14813354/SNA-guidance-note.pdf/e0907425-4f5a-9725-6c95-73aa2f7f6c8a?t=1656428494992

European Commission, International Monetary Fund, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, United Nations, & Word Bank. (2009). System of National Accounts 2008. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/nationalaccount/docs/sna2008.pdf

Finkelstein, A., Hendren, N., & Luttmer, E. (2019). The value of Medicaid: Interpreting results from the Oregon Health Insurance Experiment. Journal of Political Economy, 127(6), 2836–2874. https://doi.org/10.1086%2F702238

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Finkelstein, A., McQuillan, C., Zidar, O., & Zwick, E. (2023). The health wedge and labor market inequality (BPEA Conference Drafts). Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/BPEA_Spring2023_Finkelstein-et-al_unembargoed.pdf

Fiorini, M., & Keane, M. (2014). How the allocation of children’s time affects cognitive and noncognitive development. Journal of Labor Economics, 32(4), 787–836. https://doi.org/10.1086/677232

Fisher, J., Johnson, D., & Smeeding, T. (2015). Inequality of income and consumption in the U.S.: Measuring the trends in inequality from 1984 to 2011 for the same individuals. Review of Income and Wealth, 61, 630–650, https://doi.org/10.1111/roiw.12129

Fisher, J., Johnson, D., Smeeding, T., & Thompson, J. (2022). Inequality in 3-D: Income, consumption, and wealth. Review of Income and Wealth, 68(10), 16–42.

Fixler, D., Gindelsky, M., & Johnson, D. (2020). Measuring inequality in the National Accounts (Working Paper No. 2020-3). Bureau of Economic Analysis. https://apps.bea.gov/data/special-topics/distribution-of-personal-income/measuring-inequality-in-the-national-accounts.pdf

Friedman, M. (1957). A theory of the consumption function. Princeton University Press.

Gale, W. (2023, January 30). Alternative measures of saving, dissaving, and income [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Gale, W., & Vignaux, S. (2023). The difference between how the wealthy make money – and pay taxes. Brookings. https://www.brookings.edu/articles/the-difference-in-how-the-wealthy-make-money-and-pay-taxes/

Garfinkel, I., Rainwater, L., & Smeeding, T. (2006). A re-examination of welfare states and inequality in rich nations. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 25(4), 897–919.

Garner, T., & Short, K. (2009). Accounting for owner-occupied dwelling services: Aggregates and distributions. Journal of Housing Economics, 18(3), 233–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhe.2009.07.004

Garner, T., Matsumoto, B., Schild, J., Curtin, S., & Safir, A. (2023). Developing a consumption measure, with examples of use for poverty and inequality analysis: A new research product from BLS. Monthly Labor Review. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2023.8

Gruber, J., &. Krueger, A. (1991). The incidence of mandated employer-provided insurance: Lessons from workers’ compensation insurance. Tax Policy and the Economy, 5, 111–143. https://doi.org/10.1086/tpe.5.20061802

Guzman, G., & Kollar, M. (2023). Income in the United States: 2022 (Current Population Report No. P60-279). U.S. Census Bureau. U.S. Government Publishing Office.

Hall, R. (1989). Consumption. In R. J. Barro (Ed.), Modern business cycle theory. Harvard University Press.

Heathcote, J., Perri, F., Violante, G., & Zhang, L. (2023). More unequal we stand? Inequality dynamics in the United States 1967–2021 (NBER Working Paper No. 31486). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w31486

Herd, P., & Moynihan, D. (2018). Administrative burden: Policymaking by other means. Russell Sage Foundation.

Internal Revenue Service. (n.d.). SOI tax stats – Individual income tax return (Form 1040) statistics. Individual Income Tax Statistics. https://www.irs.gov/statistics/soi-tax-stats-individual-income-tax-return-form-1040-statistics

Jang, D., & Youchang, W. (2022, November 15). Size and investment performance: Defined benefit vs. defined contribution pension plans. SSRN. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3697711

Jappelli, T., & Pistaferri, L. (2017). The economics of consumption. Oxford University Press.

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Johnson, D., Smeeding, T., & Torrey, B. (2005). Economic inequality through the prisms of income and consumption. Monthly Labor Review, 128(4), 11–24. https://www.bls.gov/cex/research_papers/pdf/economic-inequality-through-the-prisms-of-income-and-consumption.pdf

Jones, C., & Klenow, P. (2016). Beyond GDP? Welfare across countries and time. American Economic Review, 106(9), 2426–2457. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles/pdf/doi/10.1257/aer.20110236

Jorgenson, D., & Slesnick, D. (2014). Measuring social welfare in the U.S. national accounts. Measuring Economic Sustainability and Progress: CRIW and NBER Studies in Income and Wealth, 72, 43–88. https://www.nber.org/system/files/chapters/c12825/c12825.pdf

Kahneman D., & Deaton, A (2010). High income improves evaluation of life but not emotional well-being. Proceedings of the National Academies of Science, 107(38), 16489–16493. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1011492107

Kahneman, D., Krueger, A., Schkade, D., Schwarz, N., & Stone, A. (2004). Toward national well-being accounts. American Economic Review, 94, 429–434. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles/pdf/doi/10.1257/0002828041301713

Korenman, S., & Remler, D. (2016). Including health insurance in poverty measurement: The impact of Massachusetts health reform on poverty. Journal of Health Economics, 50, 27–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2016.09.002

Krueger, D., & Perri, F. (2006). Does income inequality lead to consumption inequality? Evidence and theory. Review of Economic Studies, 73(1), 163–193. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-937X.2006.00373.x

Larrimore, J., Burkhauser, R., Auten, G., & Armour, P. (2021). Recent trends in U.S. income distributions in tax record data using more comprehensive measures of income including accrued capital gains. Journal of Political Economy, 129(5), 1319–1360. https://doi.org/10.1086/713098

Levy, H. (2023). [How should health insurance transfers be included in income measurement?] Paper commissioned for the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Li, D., & Guo, X. (2023). The effect of the time parents spend with children on children’s well-being. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1096128

Lopez, E., Neuman, T., Jacobson, G., & Levitt, L. (2020, April 15). How much more than Medicare do private insurers pay? A review of the literature. Medicare. Kaiser Family Foundation. https://www.kff.org/medicare/issue-brief/how-much-more-than-medicare-do-private-insurers-pay-a-review-of-the-literature/

Lowery, A. (2021, July 27). The time tax: Why is so much American bureaucracy left to average citizens? The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2021/07/how-government-learned-waste-your-time-tax/619568/

Mas, A., & Pallais, A. (2017). Valuing alternative work arrangements. American Economic Review, 107(12), 3722–3759. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles/pdf/doi/10.1257/aer.20161500

Mayerhauser, N., & Reinsdorf, M. (2007). Housing services in the National Economic Accounts. Bureau of Economic Analysis. https://www.bea.gov/sites/default/files/methodologies/RIPfactsheet.pdf

Meyer, B., & Sullivan, J. (2013). Consumption and income inequality and the Great Recession. American Economic Review, 103, 178–183. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.103.3.178

___. (2023). Consumption and income inequality in the United States since the 1960s. Journal of Political Economy, 131(2), 247–284. https://doi.org/10.1086/721702

Milanovic, B. (2016). Global inequality: A new approach for the age of globalization. Harvard University Press.

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Modigliani, F., & Brumberg, R. (1954). Utility analysis and the consumption function: An interpretation of cross-section data. In K. K. Kurihara (Ed.), Post-Keynesian economics (pp. 388–436). Rutgers University Press.

Monaco, K., & Pierce, B. (2015). Compensation inequality: Evidence from the National Compensation Survey. Monthly Labor Review. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2015.24

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2019). A roadmap to reducing child poverty. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/25246

___. (2022). Modernizing the Consumer Price Index for the 21st century. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/26485

___. (2023). An updated measure of poverty: (Re)drawing the line. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/26825

National Research Council. (2005). Beyond the market: Designing nonmarket accounts for the United States. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/11181

___. (2010). Accounting for health and health care: Approaches to measuring the sources and costs of their improvement. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/12938

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2013a). OECD framework for statistics on the distribution of household income, consumption and wealth. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264194830-en

___. (2013b). OECD guidelines for micro statistics on household wealth. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264194878-en

Piketty, T., Saez, E., & Zucman, G. (2018). Distributional national accounts: Methods and estimates for the United States. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 133(2), 553–609. https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjx043

Poterba, J. (2023, January 30). Measuring pension income and wealth [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Quinby (2023, January 30). Comments on an integrated system of household income, wealth, and consumption data and statistics to inform policy and research [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Rae, M., Claxton, G., Amin, K., Wager, E., Ortaliza, J., & Cox, C. (2022). The burden of medical debt in the United States. Health Costs. Kaiser Family Foundation. https://www.kff.org/health-costs/issue-brief/the-burden-of-medical-debt-in-the-united-states/

Saez, E., & Zucman, G. (2016). Wealth inequality in the United States since 1913: Evidence from capitalized income tax data, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 131(2), 519–578. https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjw004

___. (2020). Trends in U.S. income and wealth inequality: Revising after the revisionists (NBER Working Paper No. 27921). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27921

Slemrod, J. (2016). Caveats to the research use of tax return administrative data. National Tax Journal, 69(4), 1003–1020. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.17310/ntj.2016.4.13

Slesnick, D. (1993). Gaining ground: Poverty in the postwar United States. Journal of Political Economy, 101(1), 1–38. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/261864

Smeeding, T. M. (1982). Alternative methods for valuing selected in-kind transfer benefits and measuring their effect on poverty. U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau. https://www2.census.gov/prod2/popscan/TP-50.pdf

Steinsson, J. (2023). Work and leisure. https://eml.berkeley.edu/~jsteinsson/teaching/labor.pdf

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Tiehen, L. (2020, August 3). Taking a closer look at Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation and expenditures. Amber Waves. Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. https://www.ers.usda.gov/amber-waves/2020/august/taking-a-closer-look-at-supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program-snap-participation-and-expenditures/

Tilipman, N. (2022). Employer incentives and distortions in health insurance design: Implications for welfare and costs. American Economic Review, 112(3), 998–1037. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20181917

U.S. Council of Economic Advisers. (2019). Economic report of the president, 2019. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/ERP-2019/pdf/ERP-2019.pdf

Vickery, C. (1977). The time-poor: A new look at poverty. The Journal of Human Resources, 12(1), 27–48. https://doi.org/10.2307/145597

Zuckerman, S., Skopec, L., & Aarons, J. (2021). Medicaid physician fees remained substantially below fees paid by Medicare in 2019. Health Affairs, 40(2), 343–348. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2020.00611

Zuckerman, S., Williams, A., & Stockley, K. (2009). Trends in Medicaid physician fees, 2003–2008. Health Affairs, 28(1), w510–w519. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.28.3.w510

Zwijnenburg, J., Bournot, S., Grahn, D., & Guidetti, E. (2021). Distribution of household income, consumption and saving line with national accounts: Methodology and results from the 2020 collection round (OECD Statistics Working Paper No. 2021/01). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. https://doi.org/10.1787/615c9eec-en

CHAPTER 3

Addo, F., & Darity, W., Jr. (2021). Disparate recoveries: Wealth, race, and the working class after the Great Recession. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 695, 173–192. https://doi.org/10.1177/00027162211028822

Balestra, C., & Oehler, F. (2023). Measuring the joint distribution of household income, consumption and wealth at the micro level (OECD Papers on Well-being and Inequalities No. 11). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/f9d85db6-en

Batty, M., Bricker, J., Briggs, J., Holmquist, E., McIntosh, S., Moore, K., Nielsen, E., Reber, S., Shatto, M., Sommer, K., Sweeney, T., & Volz, A.H. (2019). Introducing the distributional financial accounts of the United States. Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2019-017. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. https://doi.org/10.17016/FEDS.2019.017

Bee, A., Mitchell, J., Mittag, N., Rothbaum, J., Sanders, C., Schmidt, L., & Unrath, M. (2023). National experimental wellbeing statistics (SEHSD Working Paper No. 2023-02). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/working-papers/2023/demo/SEHSD-WP2023-02.html

Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. (2024). DFA: Distributional Financial Accounts. Enhanced Financial Accounts. The Federal Reserve. https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/z1/dataviz/dfa/index.html

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). (2023). Consumer Expenditure Survey. U.S. Department of Labor. https://www.bls.gov/cex/cecomparison/cps_profile.htm#:~:text=As%20seen%20in%20Chart%201,%2C%20definitional%2C%20and%20measurement%20differences

___. (2023b). Demographic tables. Consumer Expenditure Survey. U.S. Department of Labor. https://www.bls.gov/cex/tables/calendar-year/mean-item-share-average-standard-error.htm

Canberra Group. (2011). Handbook on household income statistics (2nd ed.). United Nations Economic Commission for Europe.

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Carlson, M., Wimer, C., & Haskins, R. (2022). Changing work, changing families, and public policies toward low-income families. The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences, 8(5) 1–22. https://doi.org/10.7758/RSF.2022.8.5.0

Census Bureau. (2021, June 16). Report to Office of Management and Budget: Consumer inflation measures. https://www.bls.gov/evaluation/technical-recommendations-for-the-consumer-inflation-measure-best-suited-for-conducting-annual-adjustments-to-the-official-poverty-measure.pdf

Chetty, R., Hendren, N., Kline, P., & Saez, E. (2014). Where is the land of opportunity? The geography of intergenerational mobility in the United States. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 129(4), 1553–1623. https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qju022

Cobb, R., Thomas, C., Pirtle, W., & Darity, W., Jr. (2016). Self-identified race, socially assigned skin tone, and adult physiological dysregulation: Assessing multiple dimensions of ‘race’ in health disparities research. SSM-Population Health, 2, 595–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2016.06.007

Creamer, J., Shrider, E. A., Burns, K., & Chen, F. (2022). Poverty in the United States: 2021 (Report No. P60-277). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2022/demo/p60-277.html

Cubillos, P. (2021). Gini and undercoverage at the upper tail: A simple approximation. International Institute of Public Finance, 29(2), 443–471. https://ideas.repec.org/s/kap/itaxpf.html

Darity, W., Jr. (2016, February 11). The Latino flight to whiteness. Civil Rights in America. The American Prospect. https://prospect.org/civil-rights/latino-flight-whiteness/

Darity, W., Jr., Mullen, K., & Slaughter, M. (2022). The cumulative costs of racism and the bill for Black reparations. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 36(2), 99–122. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.36.2.99

DeAngelis, R., Hargrove, T., & Hummer, R. (2022). Skin tone and the health returns to higher status. Demography, 59(5), 1791–1819. https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-10191675

Duke Rhodes iiD. (2016). National Asset Scorecard for Communities of Color. https://bigdata.duke.edu/projects/national-asset-scorecard-for-communities-of-color/

Eberhardt, J., Davies, P., Purdie-Vaughns, V., & Johnson, S. (2006). Looking deathworthy: Perceived stereotypicality of Black defendants predicts capital sentencing outcomes. Psychological Science, 17(5), 383–386. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01716.x

European Commission, International Monetary Fund, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, United Nations, & Word Bank. (2009). System of National Accounts 2008. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/nationalaccount/docs/sna2008.pdf

Fisher, J., Johnson, D., Smeeding, T., & Thompson, J. (2022). Inequality in 3-D: Income, consumption, and wealth. Review of Income and Wealth, 68(10), 16–42. https://doi.org/10.1111/roiw.12509

Forman T., Goar C., & Lewis A. (2002). Neither Black nor White? An empirical test of the Latin Americanization thesis. Race and Society, 5(1), 65–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.racsoc.2003.12.005

Garner, T., Martin, R., Matsumoto, B., & Curtin, S. (2022). Distribution of U.S. personal consumption expenditures for 2019: A prototype based on consumer expenditure survey data (BLS Working Paper No. 557). Bureau of Labor Statistics, Department of Labor. https://www.bls.gov/osmr/research-papers/2022/pdf/ec220120.pdf

Garner, T., Matsumoto, B., Schild, J., Curtin, S., & Safir, A. (2023). Developing a consumption measure, with examples of use for poverty and inequality analysis: A new research product from BLS. Monthly Labor Review. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2023.8

Garner, T., & Short, K. (2009). Accounting for owner-occupied dwelling services: Aggregates and distributions. Journal of Housing Economics, 18(3), 233–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhe.2009.07.004

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Gindelsky, M. (2022). Do transfers lower inequality between households? Demographic evidence from Distributional National Accounts. Economic Inquiry, 60(3), 1233–1257. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecin.13061

Gindelsky, M., & Martin, R. (2023, July 16). What money can buy: A joint distribution of personal income and personal consumption expenditures [Presentation]. Presentation to the 65th ISI World Statistics Congress Conference. Ottawa, Canada.

Goldsmith, A., Hamilton, D., & Darity, W., Jr. (2006). Shades of discrimination: Skin tone and wages. American Economics Review, 96(2), 242–245. https://doi.org/10.1257/000282806777212152

Hamilton, D., Goldsmith, A., & Darity, W., Jr. (2009). Shedding light on marriage: The influence of skin shade on marriage for Black females. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 72(1), 30–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2009.05.024

Han, J., Meyer, B., & Sullivan, J. (2020). Income and poverty in the COVID-19 pandemic (BPEA Post-conference Draft). Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Han_Meyer_Sullivan_BPEA-2020-Post-Confer-ence-Draft.pdf

Howell, J., & Korver-Glenn, E. (2020). The increasing effect of neighborhood racial composition on housing values, 1980–2015. Social Problems, 68(4), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1093/socpro/spaa033

Internal Revenue System. (n.d.). SOI tax stats – Individual statistical tables by filing status. https://www.irs.gov/statistics/soi-tax-stats-individual-statistical-tables-by-filing-status

Kreisman, D., & Rangel, M. (2015). On the blurring of the color line: Wages and employment for Black males of different skin tones. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 97(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1162/REST_a_00464

Levy, H. (2023). [How should health insurance transfers be included in income measurement?] Paper commissioned for the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Marchesi, K., & McLaughlin, P. (2024, January 29). Food spending shifted in response to pandemic; changes for food away from home continued through 2022. Amber Waves. U.S. Department of Agriculture. https://www.ers.usda.gov/amber-waves/2024/january/food-spending-shifted-in-response-to-pandemic-changes-for-food-away-from-home-continued-through-2022/#:~:text=As%20of%20October%E2%80%93December%202022%2C%20on%2Dpremises%20spending%20averaged,prepandemic%20levels%20(%2412.1%20billion)

Meyer, B., & Sullivan, J. (2023). Consumption and income inequality in the United States since the 1960s. Journal of Political Economy, 131(2), 247–284. https://doi.org/10.1086/721702

Michelmore, K., & Pilkauskas, N. (2022). The earned income tax credit, family complexity, and children’s living arrangements. The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences, 8(5), 143–165. https://doi.org/10.7758/RSF.2022.8.5.07

Monk, E. (2019). The color of punishment: African Americans, skin tone, and the criminal justice system. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 42(10), 1593–1612. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2018.1508736

Moore, K., & Pence, K. (2021). Improving the measurement of racial disparities in the Survey of Consumer Finances. FEDS Notes. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. https://doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.2945

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2021). Principles and practices for a federal statistical agency (7th ed.). The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/25885

___. (2022). Modernizing the Consumer Price Index for the 21st century. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/26485

___. (2023). An updated measure of poverty: (Re)drawing the line. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/26825

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

National Research Council. (1996). Changing numbers, changing needs: American Indian demography and public health. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/5355

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2013a). OECD framework for statistics on the distribution of household income, consumption and wealth. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264194830-en

___. (2013b). OECD guidelines for micro statistics on household wealth. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264194878-en

___ . (2021). Guidance note for distribution of household income, consumption and wealth. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/nationalaccount/RAdocs/WS2_Dist_HH_Inc_Cons_Wealth_Paper.pdf

Parolin, Z., Curran, M., Matsudaira, J., Waldfogel, J., & Wimer, C. (2022). Estimating monthly poverty rates in the United States. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 41(4), 1177–1203. https://doi.org/10.1002/pam.22403

Piketty, T., Saez, E., & Zucman, G. (2018). Distributional national accounts: Methods and estimates for the United States. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 133(2), 553–609. https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjx043

Provencher, A. (2011). Unit of analysis for poverty measurement: A comparison of the Supplemental Poverty Measure and the Official Poverty Measure (SEHSD Working Paper No. 2010-14). Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/working-papers/2011/demo/SEHSD-WP2011-22.pdf

Reardon, S., & Bischoff, K. (2016). The continuing increase in income segregation, 2007–2012 (CEPA Working Paper). Center for Education Policy Analysis. http://cepa.stanford.edu/wp18-02

Rich, P., & Owens, A. (2023). Neighborhood–school structures: A new approach to the joint study of social contexts. Annual Review of Sociology, 49(1). https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-031021-110311

Rosenblum, A., Darity, W., Jr., Harris, A., & Hamilton, T. (2016). Looking through the shades: The effect of skin color on earnings by region of birth. Sociology of Race and Ethnicity, 2(1), 87–105.

Sabelhaus, J., & Thompson, J. (2022). Racial wealth disparities: Reconsidering the roles of human capital and inheritance (Working Paper 22-3). Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. https://www.bostonfed.org/-/media/Documents/Workingpapers/PDF/2022/wp2203.pdf

Semega, J., & Kollar, M. (2022). Income in the United States: 2021 (Report No. P60-276). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2022/demo/p60-276.html

Sharkey, P., & Faber, J. (2014). Where, when, why, and for whom do residential contexts matter? Moving away from the dichotomous understanding of neighborhood effects. Annual Review of Sociology, 40(1), 559–579. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-071913-043350

Tiehen, L. (2020, August 3). Taking a closer look at Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation and expenditures. Amber Waves. Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. https://www.ers.usda.gov/amber-waves/2020/august/taking-a-closer-look-at-supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program-snap-participation-and-expenditures/

United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). (2017). Guide on poverty measurement. https://unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/stats/publications/2018/ECECESSTAT20174.pdf

___. (2020). Poverty measurement guide to data disaggregation. https://unece.org/sites/default/files/2021-01/ECECESSTAT20204.pdf

Unrath, M., Semega, J., & Kollar, M. (2022). The impact of alternative inflation adjustments on CPS ASEC income statistics (SEHSD Working Paper 2022-10). Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/working-papers/2022/demo/SEHSD-wp2022-10.html

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Volz, A. (2024, January 6). Creating an integrated system of U.S. household income, consumption and wealth data and statistics to improve research and policy [Presentation]. Presentation at the American Economic Association Annual Meetings. San Antonio, Texas.

Washington, C., Gryn, T., Anderson, L., & Kreider, R. (2023, June 13). Several generations under one roof. America Counts: Stories. U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2023/06/several-generations-under-one-roof.html

Wicks-Lim, J. (2023). Revising the racial wage gap among men in the United States: The role of nonemployment, underemployment, and incarceration. The Review of Black Political Economy. https://doi.org/10.1177/00346446231182335

Zwijnenburg, J., Bournot, S., Grahn, D., & Guidetti, E. (2021). Distribution of household income, consumption and saving line with national accounts: Methodology and results from the 2020 collection round (OECD Statistics Working Paper No. 2021/01). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. https://doi.org/10.1787/615c9eec-en

CHAPTER 4

Abraham, K. (2022). Big data and official statistics. The Review of Income and Wealth, 68(4), 835–861. https://doi.org/10.1111/roiw.12617

Amaya, A., Biemer, P., & Kinyon, D. (2020). Total error in a big data world: Adapting the TSE framework to big data. Journal of Survey Statistics and Methodology, 8(1), 89–119. https://doi.org/10.1093/jssam/smz056

Atkinson, J., & Blakely, T. (2017). New Zealand’s integrated data infrastructure (IDI): Value to date and future opportunities. International Journal of Population Data Science, 1(1).

Bakker, B., Van Rooijen, J., & Van Toor, L. (2014). The system of social statistical datasets of statistics Netherlands: An integral approach to the production of register-based social statistics. Statistical Journal of the IAOS, 30(4), 411–424.

Beaule, A., Campbell, F., Insolera, N., Juska, P., McAloon-Fernandez, R., McGonagle, K., Mushtaq, M., Simmert, B., & Warra, J. (2023). PSID-2021 main interview user manual: Release 2023. Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan.

Bee, A., Mitchell, J., Mittag, N., Rothbaum, J., Sanders, C., Schmidt, L., & Unrath, M. (2023). National Experimental Wellbeing Statistics Version 1 (SEHSD Working Paper No. 2023-02). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www2.census.gov/library/working-papers/2023/adrm/ces/CES-WP-23-04.pdf

Bee, A., & Rothbaum, J. (2019). The administrative income statistics (AIS) project: Research on the use of administrative records to improve income and resource estimates (SEHSD Working Paper No. 2019-36). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/working-papers/2019/demo/sehsd-wp2019-36.pdf

Bengtsson, N., Holmlund, B., & Waldenström, D. (2016). Lifetime versus annual tax-and-transfer progressivity: Sweden, 1968–2009. The Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 118(4), 619–645.

Biemer, P. (2010). Total survey error: Design, implementation, and evaluation. Public Opinion Quarterly, 74(5), 817–48. https://doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfq058

Björklund, A. (1993). A comparison between actual distributions of annual and lifetime income: Sweden 1951–1989. Review of Income and Wealth, 39(4), 377–386. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4991.1993.tb00468.x

Black, A. (2016). The IDI Prototype Spine’s creation and coverage. Statistics New Zealand.

Bollinger, C., & Hirsch, B. (2006). Match bias from earnings imputation in the Current Population Survey: The case of imperfect matching. Journal of Labor Economics, 24(3), 483–519.

Bollinger, C., Hirsch, B., Hokayem, C., & Ziliak, J. (2018). Trouble in the tails? What we know about earnings nonresponse thirty years after Lillard, Smith, and Welch. Journal of Political Economy, 127(5), 2143–2185. https://doi.org/10.1086/701807

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Brewer, M., Etheridge, B., & O’Dea, C. (2017). Why are households that report the lowest incomes so well-off? Oxford University Press.

Brown, D., Cohen, S., Denoeux, G., Dorinski, S., Heggeness, M., Lieberman, C., & McBride, L. (2023). Real-time 2020 administrative record census simulation. U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade/2020/planning-management/evaluate/eae/2020-admin-record-census-simulation.html

Bureau of Economic Analysis. (2023). Distribution of Personal Income Tables. https://www.bea.gov/data/special-topics/distribution-of-personal-income

Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2022). Consumer Expenditure Surveys Interview Questionnaire (CEQ)—October 2021–June 2022. https://www.bls.gov/cex/capi/2021/ceq-capi-instrument-specifications-2021-2022.pdf

___. (2023, October 23). Consumer Expenditure Surveys public use microdata getting started guide. https://www.bls.gov/cex/pumd-getting-started-guide.htm

Burkhauser, R., Hérault, N., Jenkins, S., & Wilkins, R. (2018). Top incomes and inequality in the UK: Reconciling estimates from household survey and tax return data. Oxford Economic Papers, 70(2), 301–326. https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpx041

Byrant, V. (2017) General description booklet for the 2012 Public Use Tax File. Internal Revenue Service. https://taxsim.nber.org/gdb/gdb12.pdf

Canberra Group. (2011). Handbook on household income statistics (2nd ed.). United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. https://unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/stats/groups/cgh/Canbera_Handbook_2011_WEB.pdf

Census Bureau. (2021a). Consumer Expenditure Surveys: Quarterly Interview Survey (Information Booklet No. CE-305). U.S. Department of Commerce. https://www.bls.gov/respondents/cex/2021-ceq-ce-information-booklet.pdf

___. (2021b). Current Population Survey: 2021 Annual Social and Economic (ASEC Supplement). https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cps/techdocs/cpsmar21.pdf

___. (2021c). Questionnaires. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/cps/technical-documentation/questionnaires.html

___. (2022a). 2021 SIPP data dictionary. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/sipp/tech-documentation/data-dictionaries/2021/2021_SIPP_Data_Dictionary_AUG22.pdf

___. (2022b). 2021 Survey of Income and Program Participation: Users’ guide. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/sipp/tech-documentation/methodology/2021_SIPP_Users_Guide_SEP23.pdf

___. (2023a). 2022 Survey of Income and Program Participation: Users’ guide. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/sipp/tech-documentation/methodology/2022_SIPP_Users_Guide_SEP23.pdf https://psidonline.isr.umich.edu/data/Documentation/UserGuide2021.pdf

___. (2023b). The American Community Survey. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/methodology/questionnaires/2023/quest23.pdf

Chancel, L., Piketty, T., Saez, E., & Zucman, G. (2022). World inequality report 2022. Harvard University Press.

Congressional Budget Office. (2023, November 14). The distribution of household income in 2020. https://www.cbo.gov/publication/59509

Corinth, K., Meyer, B., & Wu, D. (2022). The change in poverty from 1995 to 2016 among single-parent families. AEA Papers and Proceedings, 112, 345–350. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles/pdf/doi/10.1257/pandp.20221043

Eika, L., Mogstad, M., & Vestad, O. (2020). What can we learn about household consumption expenditure from data on income and assets? Journal of Public Economics, 189, 104–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2020.104163

European Commission, International Monetary Fund, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, United Nations, & World Bank. (2009). System of National Accounts 2008. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/nationalaccount/docs/sna2008.pdf

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Eurostat. (2019). Assessment of quality in statistics.

Federal Committee on Statistical Methodology. (2020). A framework for data quality (FCSM No. 20-04). https://nces.ed.gov/fcsm/pdf/FCSM.20.04_A_Framework_for_Data_Quality.pdf

Federal Reserve. (2019). Summary listing of questions asked in the 2019 SCF. www.federalreserve.gov/econres/files/scfoutline.2019.pdf

___. (2020). Codebook for 2019 Survey of Consumer Finances. https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/files/codebk2019.txt

Fellegi, I., & Sunter, A. (1969). A theory for record linkage. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 64, 1183–1210. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1969.10501049

Fisher, J., Johnson, D., Smeeding, T., & Thompson, J. (2022). Inequality in 3-D: Income, consumption, and wealth. Review of Income and Wealth, 68(1), 16–42. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/roiw.12509

Fixler, D., Gindelsky, M., & Johnson, D. (2020). Measuring inequality in the national accounts. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. https://www.bea.gov/system/files/papers/measuring-inequality-in-the-national-accounts_0.pdf

Flaxman, A. (2022, October 25). Challenges in linking data [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Genadek, K., Hokayem, C., & Pendergast, P. (2021). The summary earnings record and detailed earnings record extracts (ADEP Working Paper No. 2021-05). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/working-papers/2021/econ/KatieWP112.pdf

Gindelsky, M., Moulton, J., & Wentland, S. (2020). Valuing housing services in the era of big data: A user cost approach leveraging Zillow Microdata. In Abraham, K., Jarmin, R., Moyer, B., & Shapiro, M. (Eds.), Big data for twenty-first-century economic statistics (pp. 339–70). University of Chicago Press.

Government Accountability Office. (2023). Work arrangements: Improved collaboration could enhance labor force data (Working Paper No. 24-105651). https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-24-105651

Groves, R. (2004). Survey errors and survey costs. Wiley.

Habib, B. (2018). How CBO adjusts for survey underreporting of transfer income in its distributional analyses (CBO Working Paper 2018-07). Congressional Budget Office. https://www.cbo.gov/publication/54234

Health and Retirement Study. (n.d.a). Biennial interview questionnaires. Questionnaires. https://hrs.isr.umich.edu/documentation/questionnaires

___. (n.d.b). HRS survey design and methodology. Documentation. https://hrs.isr.umich.edu/documentation/survey-design

Hirsch, B., & Schumacher, E. (2004). Match bias in wage gap estimates due to earnings imputation. Journal of Labor Economics, 22(3), 689–722. https://doi.org/10.1086/383112

Hokayem, C., Bollinger, C., & Ziliak, J. (2015). The role of CPS nonresponse in the measurement of poverty. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 110(511), 935–945. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.2015.1029576

Institute for Social Research. (2023). PSID-2021 main interview user manual: Release 2023. Survey Research Center, University of Michigan. https://psidonline.isr.umich.edu/data/Documentation/UserGuide2021.pdf

Internal Revenue Service. (2023). Individual income tax return (Form 1040) statistics. Individual Income Tax Statistics. https://www.irs.gov/statistics/soi-tax-stats-individual-income-tax-return-form-1040-statistics

Jenkins, S. (2022). Top-income adjustments and official statistics on income distribution: The case of the UK. Journal of Economic Inequality, 20(1). 151–168. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10888-022-09532-y

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Jenkins, S., Cappellari, L., Lynn, P., Jäckle, A., & Sala, E. (2006). Patterns of consent: Evidence from a general household survey. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society (Series A: Statistics in Society), 169(4), 701–722. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3877396

Jenkins, S., & Rios-Avila, F. (2023). Reconciling reports: Modelling employment earnings and measurement error using survey and administrative data. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society (Series A: Statistics in Society), 169(4), 701–722. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3877396

Jones, M., & Ziliak, J. (2022). The antipoverty impact of the EITC: New estimates from survey and administrative tax records. National Tax Journal, 75(3), 451–479. https://doi.org/10.1086/720614

Koijen, R., Van Nieuwerburgh, S., & Vestman, R. (2014). Judging the quality of survey data by comparison with ‘truth’ as measured by administrative records: Evidence from Sweden. In C. Carroll, T. Crossley, & J. Sabelhaus (Eds.), Improving the measurement of consumer expenditures (pp. 308–346). University of Chicago Press.

Kreiner, C., Lassen, D., & Leth-Petersen, S. (2013). Measuring the accuracy of survey responses using administrative register data: Evidence from Denmark. National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226194714.003.0011

Lamarche, P. (2017). Measuring income, consumption and wealth jointly at the micro-level. European Commission. Eurostat Methodological Note. http://Ec.Europa.Eu/Eurostat/Documents/7894008/8074103/Income_methodological_note.Pdf

Larrimore, J., Mortenson, J., & Splinter, D. (2021). Household incomes in tax data: Using addresses to move from tax-unit to household income distributions. Journal of Human Resources, 56(2), 600–631.

___. (2022). Unemployment insurance in survey and administrative data. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 42(2). 1–9, https://doi.org/10.1002/pam.22463

Little, R., & Rubin, D. (2019). Statistical analysis with missing data. John Wiley & Sons.

Massey, F. (2018). Transformation of ONS household financial statistics: ONS Statistical Outputs Workplan, 2018 to 2019. Office for National Statistics. https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/personalandhouseholdfinances/i%20ncomeandwealth/articles/transformationofhouseholdfinancialstatistics/statisticaloutputsworkplan2018to2019

McNabb, J., Timmons, D., Song, J., & Puckett, C. (2009). Uses of administrative data at the Social Security Administration. Social Security Bulletin, 69, 75. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19579531/

Medalia, C., Meyer, B., O’Hara, A., & Wu, D. (2019). Linking survey and administrative data to measure income, inequality, and mobility. International Journal of Population Data Science, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.23889%2Fijpds.v4i1.939

Meijer, E., Rohwedder, S., & Wansbeek, T. (2012). Measurement error in earnings data: Using a mixture model approach to combine survey and register data. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 30(2), 191–201. https://doi.org/10.1198%2Fjbes.2011.08166

Meyer, B. (2022, July 12). The Comprehensive Income Dataset Project: Using linked data to improve income and consumption measurement [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Meyer, B., & Mittag, N. (2019). Using linked survey and administrative data to better measure income: Implications for poverty, program effectiveness, and holes in the safety net. American Economic Journal, Applied Economics, 11(2), 176–204. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles/pdf/doi/10.1257/app.20170478

Meyer, B., Mok, W., & Sullivan, J. (2009). The under-reporting of transfers in household surveys: Its nature and consequences (NBER Working Paper No. 15181). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/papers/w15181

Meyer, B., Mok, W., & Sullivan, J. (2015). Household surveys in crisis. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 29(4), 199–226. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles/pdf/doi/10.1257/jep.29.4.199

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Milne, B., Atkinson, J., Blakely, T., Day, H., Douwes, J., Gibb, S., Nicolson, M., Shackleton, N., Sporle, A., & Teng, A. (2019). Data resource profile: The New Zealand Integrated Data Infrastructure (IDI). International Journal of Epidemiology, 48(3), 677–677e. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyz014

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2017). Federal statistics, multiple data sources, and privacy protection: Next steps. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/24893

___. (2023a). An updated measure of poverty: (Re)drawing the line. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/26825

___. (2023b). Toward a 21st century national data infrastructure: Enhancing survey programs by using multiple data sources. National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/26688

National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics. (n.d.). The National Secure Data Service Demonstration Project. National Science Foundation. https://ncses.nsf.gov/about/national-secure-data-service-demo

Nybom, M., & Stuhler, J. (2017). Biases in standard measures of intergenerational income dependence. The Journal of Human Resources, 52(3), 800–825. https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.52.3.0715-7290R

Office for National Statistics. (2020). Household income, spending and wealth, Great Britain: April 2016 to March 2018. https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/personalandhouseholdfinances/incomeandwealth/articles/householdincomespendingandwealthgreatbritain/april2016tomarch2018

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2013). OECD framework for statistics on the distribution of household income, consumption and wealth. https://www.oecd.org/statistics/framework-for-statistics-on-thedistribution-of-household-income-consumption-and-wealth-9789264194830-en.htm

Panel Study of Income Dynamics. (2023). Panel Study of Income Dynamics: Wave 43. https://psidonline.isr.umich.edu/documents/psid/questionnaires/q2023.pdf

Piketty, T., Saez, E., & Zucman, G. (2018). Distributional national accounts: Methods and estimates for the United States. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 133(2), 553–609. https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjx043

Prell, M. (2022, July 27). Guide to variables for SNAP administrative data through a Federal Statistical Research Data Center (FSRDC) [Table]. https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ers.usda.gov%2Fmedia%2Fjkrov1hj%2Fguide-to-variables-for-snap-administrative-data.xlsx&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK

Reiter, J. (2022, October). Accounting for uncertainty in record linkage [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Rothbaum, J. (2022, July 12). National experimental well-being statistics [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Rubin, D. (1976). Inference and missing data (with discussion). Biometrika, 63, 581–592. https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/63.3.581

Sabelhaus, J., Johnson, D., Ash, S., Swanson, D., Garner, T., Greenlees, J., & Henderson, S. (2013). Is the Consumer Expenditure Survey representative by income? (NBER Working Paper 19589). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w19589

Saez, E., & Zucman, G. (2016). Wealth inequality in the United States since 1913: Evidence from capitalized income tax data. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 131(2), 519–578. https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjw004

Saez, E., & Zucman, G. (2020). Trends in U.S. income and wealth inequality: Revising after the revisionists (NBER Working Paper No. 27921). National Bureau of Economic Research. http://www.nber.org/papers/w27921

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Sakshaug, J., & Kreuter, F. (2012). Assessing the magnitude of non-consent biases in linked survey and administrative data. Survey Research Methods, 6, 113–122. https://ojs.ub.uni-konstanz.de/srm/article/view/5094/4721

Schoeni, R. F., Stafford, F., Mcgonagle, K. A., & Andreski, P. (2013). Response rates in National Panel Surveys. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 645(1), 60–87. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716212456363

Si, Y., Little, R., Mo, Y., & Sedransk, N. (2022). Nonresponse bias analysis in longitudinal studies: A comparative review with an application to the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study. ArXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2204.07105

___. (2023). A case study of nonresponse bias analysis in educational assessment surveys. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 48(3), 271–295. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2104.04432

Sinclair, A. (2022, September 20). Canada’s distributions of household economic accounts [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Smith, M., Zidar, O., & Zwick, E. (2021). Top wealth in America: New estimates and implications for taxing the rich (NBER Working Paper No. 29374). National Bureau of Economic Research. http://www.nber.org/papers/w29374

Social Security Administration. (n.d.). Research, statistics & policy analysis. https://www.ssa.gov/policy/

Steinberg, B., Voorheis, J., Reyes-Morales, S., & McBride, B. (2020). Using administrative data to improve nonresponse weighting procedures in the Consumer Expenditure Survey. https://www.bls.gov/osmr/research-papers/2020/pdf/st200050.pdf

Statistics New Zealand (2014). Linking methodology used by Statistics New Zealand in the Integrated Data Infrastructure project. https://www.stats.govt.nz/assets/Uploads/Retirement-of-archive-website-project-files/Methods/Linking-methodology-used-by-Statistics-New-Zealand-in-the-Integrated-Data-Infrastructure-project/linking-methodology-IDI-project.pdf

Törmälehto, V. (2022, September 20). Measuring income, consumption and wealth in Finland using multiple data sources [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. (2007). Register-based statistics in the Nordic countries: Review of best practices with focus on population and social statistics. United Nations. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/dnss/docViewer.aspx?docID=2764

van Rooijen, J. (2022, September 20). The system of social-statistical datasets [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Wagner, D., & Layne, M. (2014). The Person Identification Validation System (PVS): Applying the Center for Administrative Records Research and Applications’ (CARRA) record linkage software (CARRA Working Paper 2014-01). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/working-papers/2014/adrm/carra-wp-2014-01.pdf

Weir, D. (2021, September 27). Overview of response and consent in the Health and Retirement Study [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Wheat, C. (2022, October 4,). Assessing economic policy with banking data [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

CHAPTER 5

Aguiar, M., & Bils, M. (2015). Has consumption inequality mirrored income inequality? American Economic Review, 105(9), 2725–2756. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20120599

Alattar, L., Messel, M., & Rogofsky, D. (2018). An introduction to the Understanding America Study Internet Panel, Social Security Bulletin, 78(2), 13–28. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3176516

Angrisani, M., Kapteyn, A., & Samek, S. (2021, January 3). Real time measurement of household financial electronic transactions in a population representative panel [Presentation]. Presentation at Annual AEASTAT Meeting. San Francisco, CA. https://www.aeaweb.org/conference/2021/preliminary/2039

Angrisani, M., Kapteyn, A., & Samek, S. (2023). Real time measurement of household financial electronic transactions in a population representative panel: A pilot study. Field Methods, 35(4) 303–317. https://doi.org/10.1177/1525822X231195521

Aspachs, O., Durante, R., Graziano, A., Mestres, J., Montalvo, J., & Reynal-Querol, M. (2022). Real-time inequality and the welfare state in motion: Evidence from COVID-19 in Spain. Economic Policy, 37(109), 165–199. https://doi.org/10.1093/epolic/eiac008

Baker, S. (2018). Debt and the consumption response to household income shocks: Validation and application of linked financial account data. Journal of Political Economy, 126(4), 1504–1557. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26550504

Batch, A., Bridgman. B., Dunn, A., & Gholizadeh, M. (2023). Consumption zones (U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis Working Paper WP2023-3). https://www.bea.gov/system/files/papers/BEA-WP2023-3.pdf

Batty, M., Bricker, J., Briggs, J., Holmquist, E., McIntosh, S., Moore, K., Nielsen, E., Reber, S., Shatto, M., Sommer, K., Sweeney, T., & Volz, A. H. (2019). Introducing the Distributional Financial Accounts of the United States (Finance and Economics Discussion Series No. 2019-017). Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/feds/introducing-the-distributional-financial-accounts-of-the-united-states.htm

Bee, A., Gathright, G., & Meyer, B. (2015). Bias from unit non-response in the measurement of income in household surveys (Working Paper). U.S. Census Bureau. https://harris.uchicago.edu/files/jsm2015_bgm_unit_non-response_in_cps.pdf

Bee, A., Meyer, B., & Sullivan, J. (2012). The validity of consumption data: Are the Consumer Expenditure Interview and Diary Surveys informative? (NBER Working Paper No. 18308). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w18308/w18308.pdf

Bee, A., & Mitchell, J. (2017). Do older Americans have more income than we think? (SEHSD Working Paper No. 2017-39). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/working-papers/2017/demo/SEHSD-WP2017-39.pdf?mod=article_inline

Bee, A., Mitchell, J., Mittag, N., Rothbaum, J., Sanders, C., Schmidt, L., & Unrath, M. (2023). National Experimental Wellbeing Statistics Version 1 (SEHSD Working Paper 2023-02). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www2.census.gov/library/working-papers/2023/adrm/ces/CES-WP-23-04.pdf

Bee, A., & Rothbaum, J. (2019). The Administrative Income Statistics (AIS) Project: Research on the use of Census Bureau administrative records to improve income and resource estimates (SEHSD Working Paper No. 2019-36). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/working-papers/2019/demo/SEHSDWP2019-36.html

Blanchet, T., Saez, E., & Zucman, G. (2022). Real-time inequality (NBER Working Paper No. 30229). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w30229/w30229.pdf

Blundell, R., Pistaferri, L., & Preston, I. (2008). Consumption inequality and partial insurance. American Economic Review, 98(5), 1887–1921. https://www.jstor.org/stable/29730156

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Bollinger, C., Hirsch, B., Hokayem, C., & Ziliak, J. (2018). Trouble in the tails? What we know about earnings nonresponse thirty years after Lillard, Smith and Welch. Journal of Political Economy, 127(5), 2143-2185. https://doi.org/10.1086/701807

Borzekowski, R. (2022, October 25). Linked data in the National Mortgage Database [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Brady, P., & Bass, S. (2023). When I’m 64 (or thereabouts): Changes in income from middle age to old age (Working Paper). Investment Company Institute. https://www.ici.org/system/files/2023-05/when-im-64-brady-bass-2305.pdf

Brown, D. (2022, October 25). Linked data in the National Mortgage Database [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Brown, D., Cohen, S., Denoeux, G., Dorinski, S., Heggeness, M., Lieberman, C., & McBride, L. (2023). Real-Time 2020 Administrative Record Census Simulation (Version 1.0). https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade/2020/planning-management/evaluate/eae/2020-admin-record-census-simulation.html

Brummet, Q., Flanagan-Doyle, D., Mitchell, J., Voorheis, J., Erhard, L., & McBride, B. (2018). Investigating the use of administrative records in the Consumer Expenditure Survey (CARRA Working Paper 2018-01). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/working-papers/2018/adrm/carra-wp-2018-01.html

Bucks, B. (2022, October 4). Credit Bureau data as a basis for consumer finance surveys [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Buda, G., Carvalho, V., Hansen, S., Ortiz, A., Rodrigo, T., & Rodriguez Mora, S. (2022). National accounts in a world of naturally occurring data: A proof of concept for consumption (CEPR Discussion Paper No. DP17519). Centre for Economic Policy Research. https://cepr.org/publications/dp17519

Burkhauser, R., Feng, S., Jenkins, S., & Larrimore, J. (2012). Recent trends in top income shares in the USA: Reconciling estimates from March CPS and IRS tax return data (NBER Working Paper No. 15320). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w15320/w15320.pdf

Chetty, R., Hendren, N., Jones, M., & Porter, S. (2018). Race and economic opportunity in the United States: An intergenerational perspective (NBER Working Paper No. 24441). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w24441/w24441.pdf

Chetty, R., Hendren, N., Kline, P., & Saez, E. (2014). Where is the land of opportunity? The geography of intergenerational mobility in the United States (NBER Working Paper No. 19843). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w19843/w19843.pdf

Deaver, K. (2021). Administrative data used in the 2020 Census. U.S. Census Bureau. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/program-management/planning-docs/administrative-data-used-in-the-2020-census.pdf

Dettling, L., Devlin-Foltz, S., Krimmel, J., Pack, S., & Thompson, J. (2015) Comparing micro and macro sources for household accounts in the United States: Evidence from the survey of consumer finances (FEDS Working Paper No. 2015-086). Federal Reserve Board. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/FEDS.2015.086

EG-DNA (2023, January). Updates on EG-DNA [Presentation]. Presentation at the OECD Expert Group on Disparities in a National Accounts Framework.

Ehrlich, G., Haltiwanger, J., Jarmin, R., Johnson, D., Olivares, E., Pardue, L., Shapiro, M., & Zhao, L. (2023). Quality adjustment at scale: Hedonic versus exact demand-based price indices (NBER Working Paper No. 31309). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://ebp-projects.isr.umich.edu/reset/papers/Price_Quantity_Scale.pdf

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Engel, J., Riera, P. G., Grilli, J., & Sola, P. (2022, July). Developing reconciled quarterly distributional national wealth – insight into inequality and wealth structures (Working Paper No. 2687). European Central Bank. https://www.oecd.org/sdd/na/household-distributional-results-in-line-with-national-accounts-experimental-statistics.htm

European Commission. (2024). Guidance note for distribution of household income, consumption and wealth. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/7894008/14813354/SNA-guidance-note.pdf/e0907425-4f5a-9725-6c95-73aa2f7f6c8a?t=1656428494992

Fagereng, A., Guiso, L., Malacrino, D., & Pistaferri., L. (2016). Heterogeneity in returns to wealth and the measurement of wealth inequality. American Economic Review, 106(5), 651–655. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles/pdf/doi/10.1257/aer.p20161022

Feiveson, L., & Sabelhaus, J. (2018). How does intergenerational wealth transmission affect wealth concentration. FEDS Notes. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3196446

Fisher, J., Johnson, D., & Smeeding, T. (2015). Inequality of income and consumption in the U.S.: Measuring the trends in inequality from 1984 to 2011 for the same individuals. Review of Income and Wealth, 61, 630 -650, https://doi.org/10.1111/roiw.12129

Fisher, J., Johnson, D., Smeeding, T., & Thompson, J. (2022). Inequality in 3-D: Income, consumption, and wealth. Review of Income and Wealth, 68(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/roiw.12509

Flaxman, A. (2022, October 25). Challenges in linking data [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Friedman, J. (2022, October 4). Commercial data to inform policy and research: Examples from the OI Economic Tracker [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Gabaix, X., Koijen, R., Mainardi, F., Oh, S., & Yogo, M. (2022). Asset demand of U.S. households. SSRN. https://scholar.harvard.edu/xgabaix/publications/asset-demand-us-households

Garner, T., Matsumoto, B., Schild, J., Curtin, S., & Safir, A. (2023). Developing a consumption measure, with examples of use for poverty and inequality analysis: A new research product from BLS. Monthly Labor Review. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2023.8

Garner, T., & Short, K. (2009). Accounting for owner-occupied dwelling services: Aggregates and distributions. Journal of Housing Economics, 18(3), 233–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhe.2009.07.004

Garner, T. & Short, K. (2013). A multi-dimensional measure of economic well-being for the U.S.: The Material Condition Index. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. https://www.bls.gov/cex/research_papers/pdf/garner-and-short-jsm-proceedings-template-with-page-nums.pdf

Gelman, M., Kariv, S., Shapiro, M., Silverman, D., & Tadelis, S. (2014). Harnessing naturally occurring data to measure the response of spending to income. Science, 345(6193), 212–215. https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1247727

Genadek, K. & Alexander, J. (2019). The Decennial Census Digitization and Linkage Project (ADEP Working Paper No. 2019-01). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/working-papers/2019/econ/dcdl-workingpaper.pdf

Gilyard, S., & Schuh, S. (2023). New evidence on consumption and income dynamics from a consumer payment diary (WVU Working Paper). West Virginia University. https://www.aeaweb.org/conference/2024/program/paper/HEHNAzBB

Gindelsky, M., & Martin, R. (2023, July 16). What money can buy: A joint distribution of personal income and personal consumption expenditures [Conference session]. The 63rd Institute for Sustainable Infrastructure Annual Conference. Ottawa, Canada.

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Gindelsky, M., Moulton, J., & Wentland, S. (2020). Valuing housing services in the era of big data: A user cost approach leveraging Zillow Microdata. In K. Abraham, R. Jarmin, B. Moyer, & M. Shapiro (Eds.), Big data for twenty-first-century economic statistics (pp. 339–370). University of Chicago Press. http://www.nber.org/chapters/c14274

Government Accountability Office. (2023). Work arrangements: Improved collaboration could enhance labor force data (Working Paper No. 24-105651). https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-24-105651

Han, J., Meyer, B., & Sullivan, J. (2022, September 30). Who is poor, how poverty has changed, and why it matters: Poverty measurement in the U.S. and its implications for policy. https://sites.nd.edu/james-sullivan/files/2023/04/Han_Meyer_Sullivan_Poverty_v21.pdf

Hansen, S. (2022, October 4). National accounts in a world of naturally occurring data: a proof of concept for consumption [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Hastings, J., Kessler, R., & Shapiro. J. (2021). The effect of SNAP on the composition of purchased foods: Evidence and implications. American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 13(3), 277–315. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles/pdf/doi/10.1257/pol.20190350

Heathcote, J., Perri, F., Violante, G., Zhang, L. (2023). More unequal we stand? inequality dynamics in the United States 1967–2021 (Working Paper No. 31486). National Bureau of Economic Research. http://www.nber.org/papers/w31486

Hong, A., Meyer, B., Murphy, C., Sullivan, J., & Wu, D. (2023). Measuring economic security using linked consumer expenditure and administrative data [Conference session]. The 5th Annual Meeting of the Retirement and Disability Research Consortium. Virtual.

Jacobs, L., Llanes, E., Moore, K., Thompson, J., & Volz, A. (2021). Wealth concentration in the United States using an expanded measure of net worth (Research Department Working Paper 21-6). Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. https://www.bostonfed.org/-/media/Documents/Workingpapers/PDF/2021/wp2106.pdf

Jenkins, S. (2022). Top-income adjustments and official statistics on income distribution: The case of the UK. Journal of Economic Inequality, 20(1), 151–168. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10888-022-09532-y

Jones, M., Bee, A., Eng, A., Houghton, K., Pharris-Ciurej, N., Porter, S., Rothbaum, J., & Voorheis, J. (2023, October 27). The measurement of income growth, mobility, and volatility in the U.S. by race-ethnicity and gender [Presentation]. Presentation to National Bureau of Economic Research Conference. Cambridge, MA.

Kondo, I., Rinz, K., Voorheis, J., & Wozniak, A. (2023, October 27). A more equal union? A new source on income distributions for U.S. communities defined by race, place, and ethnicity [Presentation]. Presentation to National Bureau of Economic Research Conference. Cambridge, MA.

Larrimore, J., Mortenson, J., & Splinter, D. (2021). Household incomes in tax data: Using addresses to move from tax-unit. Journal of Human Resources, 56(2), 600–631. https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.56.2.0718-9647R1

Larrimore, J., Mortenson, J., & Splinter, D. (2022, July 12). Strengths and limitations of tax data for distributional estimates [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Levy, H. (2023). [How should health insurance transfers be included in income measurement?] Paper commissioned for the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Medalia, C., Meyer, B., O’Hara, A., & Wu, D. (2019). Linking survey and administrative data to measure income, inequality, and mobility. International Journal of Population Data Science, 4(1). https://ijpds.org/article/view/939

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Meyer, B. (2022, July 12). The Comprehensive Income Dataset Project: Using linked data to improve income and consumption measurement [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Meyer, B., Mok, W., & Sullivan, J. (2015). Household surveys in crisis. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 29(4), 199–226. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles/pdf/doi/10.1257/jep.29.4.199

Mian, A., Straub, L., & Sufi, A. (2020). The saving glut of the rich and the rise in household debt (NBER Working Paper No. 26941). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://nber.org/papers/w26941

Mian, A., Sufi, A., & Rao, K. (2013). Household balance sheets, consumption, and the economic slump. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 128(4), 1687–1726. https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjt020

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (2022). Modernizing the Consumer Price Index for the 21st century. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/26485

___. (2023a). Toward a 21st century national data infrastructure: Enhancing survey programs by using multiple data sources. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/26804

___. (2023b). Reducing intergenerational poverty. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/27058

National Institutes of Health. (2019). NIH Implementation of the Final Rule on the Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects (Common Rule) (Notice No. NOT-OD-19-050). https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-19-050.html

Office of Management and Budget (2014). Statistical policy directive 1: Fundamental responsibilities of federal statisticalagencies and recognized statistical units. www.federalregister.gov/documents/2014/12/02/2014-28326/statistical-policy-directiveno-1-fundamental-responsibilities-of-federal-statistical-agencies-and

Olafsson, A., & Pagel, M. (2018). The liquid hand-to-mouth: Evidence from personal finance management software. Review of Financial Studies, 31(11), 4398–4446. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhy055

Passero, W., Garner, T., & McCully, C. (2015). Understanding the relationship: CE Survey and PCE. In C. D. Carroll, T. F. Crossley, & J. Sabelhaus (Eds.), Improving measurement of consumer expenditures (pp. 181–203). University of Chicago Press.

Pfeffer, F. (2022, July 12). The wealth and mobility study [Comment]. Comment to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Pfeffer, F., & Killewald, A. (2018). Generations of advantage: Multigenerational correlations in family wealth. Social Forces, 96(4). https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fsf%2Fsox086

Piketty, T., Saez, E., & Zucman, G. (2018). Distributional national accounts: Methods and estimates for the United States. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 133(2), 553–609. https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjx043

Quinby, L. (2023, January 30). Comments on an integrated system of household income, wealth, and consumption data and statistics to inform policy and research [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Ratcliffe, M. (2021). Frames Program overview. U.S. Bureau of the Census.

Rothbaum, J. (2022, July 12). The National Experimental Wellbeing Statistics [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Sabelhaus, J., Johnson, D., Ash, S., Swanson, D., Garner, T., Greenlees, J., & Henderson, S. (2013). Is the Consumer Expenditure Survey representative by income? (NBER Working Paper No. 19589). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w19589

Sabelhaus, J., & Park, S. (2020). U.S. income inequality is worse and rising faster than policymakers probably realize (Issue Brief: Tax & Macroeconomics). Washington Center for Equitable Growth. https://equitablegrowth.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/052720-income-ineq-ib.pdf

Sabelhaus, J., & Volz, A. (2019). Social Security wealth, inequality, and lifecycle saving (NBER Working Paper No. 27110). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/papers/w27110

Saez, E., & Zucman. G. (2016). Wealth inequality in the United States since 1913: Evidence from capitalized income tax data, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 131(2), 519–578. https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjw004

___. (2020a). The rise of income and wealth inequality in America: Evidence from distributional macroeconomic accounts. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 34(4), 3–26. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles/pdf/doi/10.1257/jep.34.4.3

___. (2020b). Trends in U.S. income and wealth inequality: Revising after the revisionists (NBER Working Paper No. 27921). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27921

Shapiro, M. D. (2022, October 4). Using naturally-occurring data from businesses and households to measure wealth, spending, income, and prices [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Simon, K., & Carpenter, R. (2023). [Measuring the value of health insurance for individuals and families]. Paper commissioned for the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Smith, M., Zidar, O., & Zwick, E. (2023, February). Top wealth in America: New estimates under heterogeneous returns. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 138(1), 515–573. https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjac033

Suss, J., Kemeny, T., & Connor, D. (2023). GEOWEALTH: Spatial wealth inequality data for the United States, 1960–2020. Scientific Data, 11(1), 253. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-024-03059-9

Teppa, F., & Vis, C. (2012). The CentERpanel and the DNB Household Survey: Methodological aspects. DNB Occasional Studies, 10(4). https://www.dnb.nl/media/z33gbctk/201209_nr_4_-2012-_the_centerpanel_and_the_dnb_household_survey_methodological_aspects.pdf

Valle, L. (2023). Number who helped parents financially almost as high as number who paid child support. America Counts: Stories. U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2023/06/adults-provided-support-to-parents.html

Wheat, C. (2022, October 4). Assessing economic policy with banking data [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Zwick, E. (2022, July 12). The role of external data in capitalized wealth estimates [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Zwijnenburg, J. (2019). Unequal distributions: EG DNA versus DINA approach. AEA Papers and Proceedings, 109, 296–301. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/pandp.20191036

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

CHAPTER 6

Advisory Committee on Data for Evidence Building. (2022). Year 2 report. Bureau of Economic Analysis.

Bates, M. (2022, October 25). California’s cradle-to-career data system [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Batty, M., Bricker, J., Briggs, J., Friedman, S., Nemschoff, D., Nielsen, E., Sommer, K., & Volz, A. (2020). The Distributional Financial Accounts of the United States. In R. Chetty, J. N. Friedman, J. C. Gornick, B. Johnson, & A. Kennickell (Eds.), Measuring distribution and mobility of income and wealth. University of Chicago Press. https://www.nber.org/books-and-chapters/measuring-distribution-and-mobility-income-and-wealth/distributional-financial-accounts-united-states

Bee, A., Mitchell, J., Mittag, N., Rothbaum, J., Sanders, C., Schmidt, L., & Unrath, M. (2023). National Experimental Wellbeing Statistics Version 1 (SEHSD Working Paper No. 2023-02). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www2.census.gov/library/working-papers/2023/adrm/ces/CES-WP-23-04.pdf

Bowen, C., Bryant, V., Burman, L., Khitatrakun, S., McClelland, R., Mucciolo, L., Pickens, M., & Williams, A. (2022). Synthetic individual income tax data: Promises and challenges. National Tax Journal, 75(4), 767–790. https://doi.org/10.1086/722094

Brown, D. (2022, October 25). Overview of linking data at the Census Bureau [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Brown, D., Cohen, S., Denoeux, G., Dorinski, S., Heggeness, M., Lieberman, C., & McBride, L. (2023). Real-Time 2020 Administrative Record Census Simulation (Version 1.0). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade/2020/planning-management/evaluate/eae/2020-admin-record-census-simulation.html

Brummet, Q., Flanagan-Doyle, D., Mitchell, J., Voorheis, J., Erhard, L., & McBride, B. (2018). Investigating the use of administrative records in the Consumer Expenditure Survey (CARRA Working Paper No. 2018-01). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/working-papers/2018/adrm/carra-wp-2018-01.html

Commission on Evidence-Based Policymaking. (2017). The promise of evidence-based policy Report of the Commission on Evidence-Based Policymaking. https://www.cep.gov/content/dam/cep/report/cep-final-report.pdf

Culanane, C., & Rubenstein, B. (2023, May). Not fit for purpose: A critical analysis of the Five Safes [Presentation]. Presentation to the Panel on Approaches to Sharing Blended Data in a 21st Century Data Infrastructure.

Dillon, M. (2021). Evaluating the master address file — auxiliary reference file (MAF-ARF) as a potential respondent retention source (CARRA Working Paper No. 18-12). U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/working-papers/2018/adrm/carra-wp-2018-12.html

Fox, L., Rothbaum, J., & Shantz, K. (2022). Fixing errors in a SNAP: Addressing SNAP underreporting to evaluate poverty. AEA Papers and Proceedings, 112, 330–334. https://doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20221040

Garfinkel, S., Near, J., Dajani, A., Singer, P., & Guttman, B. (2023). NIST SP 800-188, deidentifying government datasets: Techniques and governance (NIST Special Publication No. 800-188). U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology. https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-188.pdf

Hong, A., Meyer, B., Murphy, C., Sullivan, J., & Wu, D. (2023). Measuring economic security using linked consumer expenditure and administrative data [Conference session]. 5th Annual Social Security Administration Retirement and Disability Research Consortium Meeting, Chicago, IL. https://mrdrc.isr.umich.edu/publications/other/pdf/2023%20RDRDC%20Meeting%20Slides%20Panel%204.pdf

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Hotz, V., Bollinger, C., Komarova, T., Manski, C., Moffitt, R., Nekipelov, D., Sojourner, A., & Spencer, B. (2022). Balancing data privacy and usability in the federal statistical system. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 119(31). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2104906119

Kho, A. (2022, October 25). Insights and challenges in using linked data to evaluate health [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Larrimore, J., Mortenson, J., & Splinter, D. (2022, July 12). Strengths and limitations of tax data for distributional estimates [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

McClelland, R. (2022, July 12). Synthetic data and validation server: safely expanding research access to sensitive data [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Meyer, B., & Mittag, N. (2019). Using linked survey and administrative data to better measure income: Implications for poverty, program effectiveness, and holes in the safety net (NBER Working Paper No. 21676). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/papers/w21676

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2017). Innovations in federal statistics: Combining data sources while protecting privacy. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/24652

___. (2021). Principles and practices for a federal statistical agency (7th ed.). The National Academies Press. http://doi.org/10.17226/25885

___. (2022). Modernizing the Consumer Price Index for the 21st century. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/26485

___. (2023a). Toward a 21st century national data infrastructure: Mobilizing information for the common good. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/26688

___. (2023b). Toward a 21st century national data infrastructure: Enhancing survey programs by using multiple data sources. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/26804

___. (2023c). Reducing intergenerational poverty. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/27058

___. (2023d). A roadmap for disclosure avoidance in the survey of income and program participation. The National Academies Press.

___. (2024). Toward a 21st century national data infrastructure: Managing privacy and confidentiality risks with blended data. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/27335

National Institutes of Health. (1979). The Belmont report: Ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research. https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/sites/default/files/the-belmont-report-508c_FINAL.pdf

___. (2019). NIH implementation of the final rule on the Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects (Common Rule) (Notice No. NOT-OD-19-050). https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-19-050.html

National Research Council. (2007). Understanding business dynamics: An integrated data system for America’s future. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/11844

Norwood, J. (1995). Organizing to count: Change in the federal statistical system. The Urban Institute Press. https://webarchive.urban.org/publications/205979.html

Ritchie, F. (2008). Secure access to confidential microdata: Four years of the Virtual Microdata Laboratory. Economic & Labour Market Review, 2(5), 29–34. https://doi.org/10.1057/elmr.2008.73

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

Rothbaum, J. (2022, July 12). The national experimental wellbeing statistics [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Rothbaum, J. (2024, January 6). National experimental wellbeing statistics: Combining survey and administrative data to improve income and poverty statistics [Presentation]. Presentation at the American Economic Association annual meeting. San Antonio, TX.

Smith, M., Zidar, O., & Zwick, E. (2021). Top wealth in America: New estimates and implications for taxing the rich (NBER Working Paper No. 29374). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/papers/w29374

Wheat, C. (2022, October 4). Assessing economic policy with banking data [Presentation]. Presentation to the Committee on an Integrated System of U.S. Household Income, Wealth, and Consumption Data and Statistics to Inform Policy and Research.

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.

This page intentionally left blank.

Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 309
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 310
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 311
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 312
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 313
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 314
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 315
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 316
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 317
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 318
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 319
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 320
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 321
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 322
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 323
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 324
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 325
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 326
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 327
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 328
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 329
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 330
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 331
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 332
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 333
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 334
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 335
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 336
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 337
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 338
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 339
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 340
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 341
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 342
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 343
Suggested Citation: "References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Creating an Integrated System of Data and Statistics on Household Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Time to Build. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27333.
Page 344
Next Chapter: Committee on National Statistics
Subscribe to Email from the National Academies
Keep up with all of the activities, publications, and events by subscribing to free updates by email.