Completed
Fertility rates have fallen substantially in low- and middle-income countries, and efforts to limit fertility, primarily through the implementation of family planning programs, have become increasingly widespread. Although there is a substantial scholarly literature on the determinants of contraceptive use or other measures to limit fertility and on the resulting differentials in fertility, relatively little is known about the role played by women's empowerment and women's agency, as both determinants and consequences of fertility decline. In addition, there continues to be little consensus about the link between fertility decline and broader societal impacts, including economic development.
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