This consensus study will contribute to better understanding of nutrient requirements during infancy by characterizing the new and emerging evidence about the nutritional composition of human milk. A one-day meeting with subject matter experts will be convened in a discussion of issues related to the status of the published literature on the nutrient content of human milk. Defining human milk composition and the temporal changes that influence milk components is needed for developing future Dietary Reference Intake standards for nutrient intakes during the first 12 months of life.