• What are the current and expected future conditions in the Caribbean and the expected effect on coral reefs? What are the uncertainties in predicting the condition of coral reefs in the future?
• What information is needed to weigh the risk and benefit of implementing new coral reef restoration and management approaches?
• What are the regulatory and scientific needs for permitting research and deployment of new approaches in the water?

Derek Manzello, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA’s) Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteorological Laboratory

Erinn Muller, Mote Marine Laboratory

Sarah Fangman, Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary

Lisa Gregg, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission

Ernesto Díaz, Puerto Rico Coastal Zone Management Program

• What are the challenges for restoring coral reefs and how are they addressed through artificial propagation and recruitment? What gaps remain?
• What are appropriate metrics of success to evaluate restoration success in a stressed and changing environment?
• How can restoration practices be integrated with ecological and genetic interventions implemented in the wild? What scale can be targeted?

• What is known about the genetic (genome to population scale) considerations and risks for artificial selection of resilient coral?
• What is the possibility of manipulating the coral genome to improve resilience? What advancements are needed to achieve this at scale?

Iliana Baums, The Pennsylvania State University (remote)

Manuel Aranda, King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (remote)

Phil Cleves, Stanford University

Mikhail Matz, The University of Texas at Austin

• What is the specificity of algal symbionts to host coral? How does this influence holobiont resilience?
• What is known about the feasibility and risk (e.g., failure, ecological changes) to manipulating symbiotic relationships? Can this be done at scale?

Todd LaJeunesse, The Pennsylvania State University

Ross Cunning, University of Miami

Hollie Putnam, University of Rhode Island (remote)

Kate Quigley, Australian Institute of Marine Science (remote)

• What is known about the influence of the microbiome on coral (e.g., health, adaptability, reproduction, energetics)?
• What is the feasibility and potential benefit of applying a probiotic approach to managing resilience? Can this be done at scale?

Rebecca Vega Thurber, Oregon State University (remote)

Raquel Peixoto, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro

• What are the current and expected future conditions in the Pacific and the expected effect on coral reefs? What are the uncertainties in predicting the condition of coral reefs in the future?

• What information is needed to weigh the risk and benefit of implementing new coral reef restoration and management approaches?
• What are the regulatory and scientific barriers and needs for permitting research and deployment of new approaches in the water?

Russell Sparks, Hawaii Division of Aquatic Resources

Gerry Davis, NOAA

Lance Smith, NOAA

Fran Castro, University of Guam

Dave Wachenfeld, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority (remote)

Line Bay, Australian Institute of Marine Science

Madeleine van Oppen, Australian Institute of Marine Science and University of Melbourne (remote)

• Under what conditions have invasive species and disease been introduced and intensified in coral reefs? What is the ability to predict the probability of these introductions?
• How may deteriorating environmental conditions, as well as manipulation of a reef community, affect susceptibility to invasive species and disease?
• How may translocation of coral and associated reef species to new areas lead to spread of known invasive and disease, or cause coral themselves to become invasive?

Celia Smith, University of Hawaii at Manoa

Joleah Lamb, Cornell University

Drew Harvell, Cornell University (remote)

• Which ecosystem structures and functions are imperative to preserve to maintain coral reefs? How will deteriorating environmental conditions inhibit their maintenance?
• Which ecosystem structures and functions may change when moving toward resilient reefs? How do we evaluate the risks introduced by interventions that alter coral reefs communities?