Workshop
In the United States, people living in low-income neighborhoods frequently do not have access to affordable healthy food venues, such as supermarkets. Instead, those living in "food deserts" must rely on convenience stores and small neighborhood stores that offer few, if any, healthy food choices, such as fruits and vegetables. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) and National Research Council (NRC) convened a two-day workshop on January 26-27, 2009, to provide input into a Congressionally-mandated food deserts study by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Economic Research Service. The workshop, summarized in this volume, provided a forum in which to discuss the public health effects of food deserts.
114 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-13728-4
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-13729-2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/12623
Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2009. The Public Health Effects of Food Deserts: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop
There is great enthusiasm over the use of emerging interactive health information technologies-often referred to as eHealth-and the potential these technologies have to improve the quality, capacity, and efficiency of the health care system. However, many doctors, advocacy groups, policy makers and consumers are concerned that electronic health systems might help individuals and communities with greater resources while leaving behind those with limited access to technology.
In order to address this problem, the Institute of Medicine's Roundtable on Health Literacy held a workshop to explore the current status of communication technology, the challenges for its use in populations with low health literacy, and the strategies for increasing the benefit of these technologies for populations with low health literacy. The summary of the workshop, "Health Literacy, eHealth, and Communication: Putting the Consumer First," includes participants' comments on these issues.
126 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-12642-8
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-12643-6
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/12474
Institute of Medicine. 2009. Health Literacy, eHealth, and Communication: Putting the Consumer First: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop
To receive the greatest value for health care, it is important to focus on issues of quality and disparity, and the ability of individuals to make appropriate decisions based on basic health knowledge and services. The Forum on the Science of Health Care Quality Improvement and Implementation, the Roundtable on Health Disparities, and the Roundtable on Health Literacy jointly convened the workshop "Toward Health Equity and Patient-Centeredness: Integrating Health Literacy, Disparities Reduction, and Quality Improvement" to address these concerns. During this workshop, speakers and participants explored how equity in care delivered and a focus on patients could be improved.
102 pages
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-12749-1
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-12750-5
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/12502
Institute of Medicine. 2009. Toward Health Equity and Patient-Centeredness: Integrating Health Literacy, Disparities Reduction, and Quality Improvement: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Letter
Researchers, policymakers, sociologists and doctors have long asked how to best measure the health of a nation, yet the challenge persists. The nonprofit State of the USA, Inc. (SUSA) is taking on this challenge, demonstrating how to measure the health of the United States. The organization is developing a new website intended to provide reliable and objective facts about the U.S. in a number of key areas, including health, and to provide an interactive tool with which individuals can track the progress made in each of these areas.
In 2008, SUSA asked the Institute of Medicine's Committee on the State of the USA Health Indicators to provide guidance on 20 key indicators to be used on the organization's website that would be valuable in assessing health. Each indicator was required to demonstrate:
Taken together, the selected indicators reflect the overall health of the nation and the efficiency and efficacy of U.S. health systems. The complete list of 20 can be found in the report brief and book.
98 pages
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-12862-5
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-12863-3
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/12534
Institute of Medicine. 2009. State of the USA Health Indicators: Letter Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Consensus
The seventh in a series of congressionally mandated reports on Gulf War veterans health, this volume evaluates traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its association with long-term health affects.
That many returning veterans have TBI will likely mean long-term challenges for them and their family members. Further, many veterans will have undiagnosed brain injury because not all TBIs have immediately recognized effects or are easily diagnosed with neuroimaging techniques.
In an effort to detail the long term consequences of TBI, the committee read and evaluated some 1,900 studies that made up its literature base, and it developed criteria for inclusion of studies to inform its findings. It is clear that brain injury, whether penetrating or closed, has serious consequences. The committee sought to detail those consequences as clearly as possible and to provide a scientific framework to assist veterans as they return home.
396 pages
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8.5 x 11
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hardcover
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-12409-3
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/12436
Institute of Medicine. 2009. Gulf War and Health: Volume 7: Long-Term Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop
Environmental health decision making can be a complex undertaking, as there is the need to navigate and find balance among three core elements: science, policy, and the needs of the American public. Policy makers often grapple with how to make appropriate decisions when the research is uncertain. The challenge for the policy maker is to make the right decision with the best available data in a transparent process.
The Environmental Health Sciences Decision Making workshop, the first in a series, was convened to inform the Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine on emerging issues in risk management, "weight of evidence," and ethics that influence environmental health decision making.
The workshop, summarized in this volume, included an overview of the principles underlying decision making, the role of evidence and challenges for vulnerable populations, and ethical issues of conflict of interest, scientific integrity, and transparency. The workshop engaged science interest groups, industry, government, and the academic sector.
92 pages
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-12454-9
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-12455-7
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/12444
Institute of Medicine. 2009. Environmental Health Sciences Decision Making: Risk Management, Evidence, and Ethics: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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224 pages
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7 x 10
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-12508-1
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/12459
Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2009. Traumatic Injury Research at NIOSH: Reviews of Research Programs of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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284 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-11919-7
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-11920-0
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/12183
Institute of Medicine. 2008. Gulf War and Health: Updated Literature Review of Depleted Uranium. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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58 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-12006-3
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-12007-1
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/12200
Institute of Medicine. 2008. Epidemiologic Studies of Veterans Exposed to Depleted Uranium: Feasibility and Design Issues. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Letter
The newly released Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, Review Of ATSDR's Great Lakes Report Drafts (Letter Report) presents the details of an IOM committee's evaluation of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) unofficial report drafts looking at health and pollution data from the Great Lakes region, of ATSDR's response to review, as well as of the concerns of the Office of the Director of ATSDR and the Office of the Director of the Coordinating Center for Environmental Health and Injury Prevention (CCEHIP). The committee found that the two drafts have problems and limitations that diminish the documents' scientific quality. These shortcomings hamper the usefulness of the drafts in addressing whether health risks might be associated with living near the lakes.
49 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-12651-7
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/12476
Institute of Medicine. 2008. Review of ATSDR's Great Lakes Report Drafts: Letter Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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This book evaluates the research plan for the NCS, by assessing the scientific rigor of the study and the extent to which it is being carried out with methods, measures, and collection of data and specimens to maximize the scientific yield of the study.
The book concludes that if the NCS is conducted as proposed, the database derived from the study should be valuable for investigating hypotheses described in the research plan as well as additional hypotheses that will evolve. Nevertheless, there are important weaknesses and shortcomings in the research plan that diminish the study's expected value below what it might be.
166 pages
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-12056-X
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-12057-8
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/12211
Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2008. The National Children's Study Research Plan: A Review. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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210 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-11690-2
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-11691-0
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/12154
Institute of Medicine. 2008. Challenges and Successes in Reducing Health Disparities: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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132 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-11866-2
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-11867-0
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/12170
Institute of Medicine. 2008. Antivirals for Pandemic Influenza: Guidance on Developing a Distribution and Dispensing Program. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Letter
38 pages
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8.5 x 11
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-12198-1
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-12199-X
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/12257
Institute of Medicine. 2008. Initial Guidance for an Update of the National Vaccine Plan: A Letter Report to the National Vaccine Program Office. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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116 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-11529-9
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-11530-2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/12077
Institute of Medicine. 2008. Standardizing Medication Labels: Confusing Patients Less: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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The sixth in a series of congressionally mandated reports on Gulf War veterans' health, this volume evaluates the health effects associated with stress. Since the launch of Operation Desert Storm in 1991, there has been growing concern about the physical and psychological health of Gulf War and other veterans. In the late 1990s, Congress responded by asking the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) to review and evaluate the scientific and medical literature regarding associations between illness and exposure to toxic agents, environmental or wartime hazards, and preventive medicines or vaccines in members of the armed forces who were exposed to such agents.
Deployment to a war zone has a profound impact on the lives of troops and on their family members. There are a plethora of stressors associated with deployment, including constant vigilance against unexpected attack, difficulty distinguishing enemy combatants from civilians, concerns about survival, caring for the badly injured, and witnessing the death of a person. Less traumatic but more pervasive stressors include anxiety about home life, such as loss of a job and income, impacts on relationships, and absence from family.
The focus of this report, by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) Committee on Gulf War and Health: Physiologic, and Psychosocial Effects of Deployment-Related Stress, is the long-term effects of deployment-related stress. Gulf War and Health: Volume 6. Physiologic, and Psychosocial Effects of Development Related Stress evaluates the scientific literature regarding association between deployment-related stressors and health effects, and provides meaningful recommendations to remedy this problem.
358 pages
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8.5 x 11
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hardcover
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-65979-5
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/11922
Institute of Medicine. 2008. Gulf War and Health: Volume 6: Physiologic, Psychologic, and Psychosocial Effects of Deployment-Related Stress. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Mental disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), constitute an important health care need of veterans, especially those recently separated from service. Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: An Assessment of the Evidence takes a systematic look the efficacy of pharmacologic and psychological treatment modalities for PTSD on behalf of the Department of Veterans Affairs. By reviewing existing studies in order to draw conclusions about the strength of evidence on several types of treatment, the Committee on the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder found that many of these studies were faulty in design and performance, and that relatively few of these studies have been conducted in populations of veterans, despite suggestions that civilian and veteran populations respond differently to various types of treatment. The committee also notes that the evidence is scarce on the acceptability, efficacy, or generalizability of treatment in ethnic and cultural minorities, as few studies stratified results by ethnic background.
Despite challenges in the consistency, quality, and depth of research, the committee found the evidence sufficient to conclude the efficacy of exposure therapies in treating PTSD. The committee found the evidence inadequate to determine efficacy of different types of pharmacotherapies, of three different psychotherapy modalities, and of psychotherapy delivered in group formats. The committee also made eight critical recommendations, some in response to the VA's questions related to recovery and the length and timing of PTSD treatment, and others addressing research methodology, gaps in evidence and funding issues.
224 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-10926-4
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-10927-2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/11955
Institute of Medicine. 2008. Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: An Assessment of the Evidence. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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From 1962 to 1971, the U.S. military sprayed herbicides over Vietnam to strip the thick jungle canopy that could conceal opposition forces, to destroy crops that those forces might depend on, and to clear tall grasses and bushes from the perimeters of U.S. base camps and outlying fire-support bases.
In response to concerns and continuing uncertainty about the long-term health effects of the sprayed herbicides on Vietnam veterans, Veterans and Agent Orange provides a comprehensive evaluation of scientific and medical information regarding the health effects of exposure to Agent Orange and other herbicides used in Vietnam. The 2006 report is the seventh volume in this series of biennial updates. It will be of interest to policy makers and physicians in the federal government, veterans and their families, veterans' organizations, researchers, and health professionals.
894 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-14552-X
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-10709-1
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/11906
Institute of Medicine. 2007. Veterans and Agent Orange: Update 2006. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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