Workshop
The National Academies Forum on Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) convened a workshop in September 2022 to explore biomarkers used to more precisely and objectively diagnose and categorize suspected TBIs. Session discussions addressed developments in TBI biomarker classes including neuroimaging, blood-based, electrophysiological, and other physiological markers; how biomarkers may be used to better guide and monitor treatment after injury; and how they can be used to refine future research studies. Speakers also discussed potential impacts of biomarkers across the trajectory of TBI care and research, efforts to translate and incorporate biomarkers from research settings into clinical practice, and opportunities to advance the field. This Proceedings of a Workshop summarizes the presentations and discussions from the event.
88 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-70164-3
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-70165-1
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26932
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop_in_brief
Rapid growth in the regenerative medicine field is driving increased demand for skilled workers, highlighting the importance of considering how to shape the requisite workforce. The National Academies Forum on Regenerative Medicine hosted a November 2022 workshop to better understand gaps in workforce development and potential solutions, skillsets and other attributes needed for success in regenerative medicine, and incentives and disincentives for expanding the workforce. The workshop was intended to serve as an opportunity to catalyze engagement and development of the regenerative medicine workforce by exploring possibilities to expand participation. This proceedings document summarizes workshop discussions.
15 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-70253-4
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27013
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Training the Regenerative Medicine Workforce for the Future: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Consensus
The Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine wanted to address the link between environmental factors and the development of cancer in light of recent advances in genomics. They asked what research tools are needed, how new scientific information can be applied in a timely manner to reduce the burden of cancer, and how this can be flexible enough to treat the individual.
160 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-08475-X
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-50506-2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/10464
Institute of Medicine. 2002. Cancer and the Environment: Gene-Environment Interaction. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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14 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-70216-X
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26955
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Forum on Regenerative Medicine: 2022 Annual Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Last year the Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation, helped to envision a transformed clinical trials enterprise for 2030–one that is more efficient, effective, and person-centered. In 2022, the Forum championed the inclusion of under-represented and underserved populations in clinical trials, drug research and development for adults across the older age span, and innovation in drug research and development for patients with chronic diseases. Learn more in this 2022 Annual Report.
23 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-70215-1
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26954
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation: 2022 Annual Review. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop
Approximately 4 million pregnant people in the United States give birth annually, and 70 percent of these individuals take at least one prescription medication during their pregnancy. Yet, due to a number of historical, ethical, legal, scientific, and societal issues, pregnant and lactating persons are often excluded from clinical trials. As a result, pregnant and lactating persons are often taking drugs based on limited information about the benefits and risks to themselves and their developing or newborn baby.
The National Academies Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation convened a workshop in June 2022 for stakeholders to examine the current state of evidence generation for drug products used by pregnant and lactating persons and discuss barriers and opportunities for including these populations in clinical trials. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop.
146 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-69637-2
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-69638-0
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26790
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Inclusion of Pregnant and Lactating Persons in Clinical Trials: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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The members and staff of the Roundtable on Genomics and Precision Health continue to work toward their vision of realizing the full potential of health for all through genomics and precision health by bringing together diverse voices to encourage innovation and actions that foster the wide adoption of and equitable access to the benefits of genomics and precision health. During 2022, Roundtable members explored topics such as the value of and protections for genomic data and the policies surrounding them; reporting of genetics and genomics advances for both scientific audiences and the general public; workforce diversity, equity, and inclusion issues in industry; and challenges and opportunities for the adoption of genomics outside of the traditional genetics clinic.
17 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-70061-2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26901
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Roundtable on Genomics and Precision Health: 2022 Annual Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop
Psychiatric illnesses - such as major depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, substance use disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - are widely prevalent and represent a substantial health burden worldwide. Yet, conventional medications for mental illnesses often fail to provide relief to patients' disruptive and disabling symptoms. Existing and emerging evidence that psychedelics (e.g., LSD and psilocybin) and entactogens (e.g., MDMA) may be useful as tools to alleviate mental illness has sparked a renaissance of interest by investigators, clinicians, drug developers, and patient advocates in recent years. While promising data on therapeutic efficacy has energized research and development, resolving the mechanisms of action will be important for optimizing the efficacy and safety of these medicines. Further, evaluating the effect of psychedelics and entactogens on mood and behavior comes with unique challenges still in need of resolution. These include unresolved questions relating to blinding, placebo and nocebo effects, and the impact of psychosocial contexts.
In response to this renewed interest, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders convened a workshop on March 29-30, 2022. The workshop brought together a diverse group of stakeholders to explore the use of psychedelics and entactogens as treatments for psychiatric disorders. This Proceedings of a Workshop summarizes the presentations and discussions of the workshop.
96 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-69137-0
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-69138-9
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26648
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Exploring Psychedelics and Entactogens as Treatments for Psychiatric Disorders: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Regular use of sunscreens has been shown to reduce the risk of sunburn and skin cancer, and slow photoaging of skin. Sunscreens can rinse off into water where people are swimming or wading, and can also enter bodies of water through wastewater such as from bathing or showering. As a result, the ultraviolet (UV) filters - the active ingredients in sunscreens that reduce the amount of UV radiation on skin - have been detected in the water, sediment, and animal tissues in aquatic environments. Because the impact of these filters on aquatic ecosystems is not fully understood, assessment is needed to better understand their environmental impacts.
This report calls on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to conduct an ecological risk assessment of UV filters to characterize the possible risks to aquatic ecosystems and the species that live in them. EPA should focus on environments more likely to be exposed such as those with heavy recreational use, or where wastewater and urban runoff enter the water. The risk assessment should cover a broad range of species and biological effects and could consider potential interacting effects among UV filters and with other environmental stresses such as climate change. In addition, the report describes the role of sunscreens in preventing skin cancer and what is known about how human health could be affected by potential changes in usage. While the need for a risk assessment is urgent, research is needed to advance understanding of both risks to the environment from UV filters and impacts to human health from changing sunscreen availability and usage.
408 pages
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8.5 x 11
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-27283-1
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-27284-X
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26381
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Review of Fate, Exposure, and Effects of Sunscreens in Aquatic Environments and Implications for Sunscreen Usage and Human Health. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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The wide-ranging portfolio of the standing committee's work has illuminated many aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic and response efforts. This Annual Report summarizes the committee's work in 2021 and highlights the short consensus study reports, rapid expert consultations, and meetings conducted during the year.
15 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-69377-2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26716
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Standing Committee on Emerging Infectious Diseases and 21st Century Health Threats: Annual Report 2021. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Since March 2020, the standing committee has consistently generated real-time policy recommendations and paved the way for the National Academies to produce an unprecedented amount of timely, evidence-based guidance in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This Annual Report summarizes the committee's work in 2020 and highlights the short consensus study reports, rapid expert consultations, meetings, and affiliated activities conducted during the year.
12 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-69376-4
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26715
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Standing Committee on Emerging Infectious Diseases and 21st Century Health Threats: Annual Report 2020. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Methadone is a Food and Drug Administration- (FDA-) approved medication for treating opioid use disorder (OUD), a chronic brain disease that affects more than 2.7 million people in the United States aged 12 and older. Despite its effectiveness in saving lives, many barriers impede access to, initiation of, and retention in methadone treatment for OUD. To address these barriers, on March 3 and 4, 2022, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine hosted a workshop on "Methadone Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder: Examining Federal Regulations and Laws," at the request of the Office of National Drug Control Policy in the Executive Office of the President. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.
180 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-69096-X
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-69097-8
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26635
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Methadone Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder: Improving Access Through Regulatory and Legal Change: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Crisis Standards of Care (CSC) inform decisions on medical care during a large-scale crisis such as a pandemic or natural disaster, eliminating the need to make these decisions at the bedside without protections or guidance. Numerous points throughout the COVID-19 pandemic have demonstrated the necessity of this type of crisis planning. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Disasters and Emergencies convened a series of public workshops to examine the experiences of healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify lessons that can inform current and future CSC planning and implementation. The workshops examined staffing and workforce needs, planning and implementation of CSC plans, and legal, ethical, and equity considerations of CSC planning. Topics of discussion included improving coordination between the bedside and boardroom, increasing buy-in from elected officials, expanding provider engagement, and addressing health equity issues. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshops.
114 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-68879-5
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-68880-9
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26573
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Evolving Crisis Standards of Care and Ongoing Lessons from COVID-19: Proceedings of a Workshop Series. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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The Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Disasters and Emergencies convenes public and private sector leaders to improve the nation's preparedness for, response to, and recovery from disasters, public health emergencies, and emerging threats. The Forum fosters in-depth policy discussion and collaboration to identify barriers and explore solutions to ensure and sustain national security, promote recovery, and enhance resilience. This publication describes the activities of the forum during 2021.
20 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-69357-8
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26709
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Disasters and Emergencies: 2021 Annual Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted existing weaknesses in the United States health care system, while creating a new set of challenges related to caring for people with serious illness. The National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Roundtable on Quality Care for People with Serious Illness hosted a three-part workshop to explore the initial responses to the pandemic by health care teams providing care to people with serious illness, the impact of the pandemic on the health care workforce, the use of telehealth, issues related to clearly communicating with the public about health emergencies, and policy opportunities to improve care for people with serious illness. Issues related to health equity were discussed throughout the three webinars.
128 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-68958-9
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-68959-7
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26596
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Caring for People with Serious Illness: Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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On March 29-30, 2022, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine hosted a workshop aimed at examining the roles of trust and trustworthiness in the public health emergency and response (PHEPR) science enterprise - the institutions, the research process, and the researchers and practitioners - across the continuum of pre-event, event, response, and mitigation. The first day examined issues of trust in PHEPR science, where they originate, and what can be done to build and maintain trust in public health agencies. The second day shifted discussions to communication and strategies to address misinformation and ensure clear understanding of public health communications. The final session allowed workshop participants and public attendees - through an interactive Miro board session - to reflect on workshop discussions and share strategies to build public trust over the next 5 years. This Proceedings of a Workshop-in Brief summarizes the presentations and discussions that occurred at the workshop.
12 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-69182-6
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26658
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Building Trust in Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response (PHEPR) Science: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop
The Forum on Regenerative Medicine of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a two-day virtual public workshop to address knowledge gaps in the understanding of promising approaches to manipulate the immune system and/or the regenerative medicine product to improve outcomes of tissue repair and regeneration in patients. The workshop, titled "Understanding the Role of the Immune System in Improving Tissue Regeneration," explored the role of the immune system in the success or failure of regenerative medicine therapies. Participants considered potential strategies to effectively "prepare" patients' immune systems to accept regenerative therapies and increase the likelihood of successful clinical outcomes and also discussed risks associated with modulating the immune system. This Proceedings of a Workshop highlights the presentations and discussions that occurred during the workshop.
188 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-68817-5
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-68818-3
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26551
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Understanding the Role of the Immune System in Improving Tissue Regeneration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Over the past several decades, supply chain disruptions have repeatedly plagued the U.S. health care system, costing health care systems millions of dollars per year, threatening the clinical research enterprise, and most importantly, imperiling the health and lives of patients. The Committee on Security of America's Medical Supply Chain, convened by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, was charged with addressing this important issue by examining the root causes of medical product shortages and identifying ways to enhance their resilience - both in so-called normal times and during public health emergencies.
Building Resilience into the Nation's Medical Product Supply Chains outlines the committee's seven recommendations and presents a framework of protection comprising awareness, mitigation, preparedness, and response measures.
364 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-27469-9
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-27471-0
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26420
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Building Resilience into the Nation's Medical Product Supply Chains. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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