Consensus
Recent health care payment reforms aim to improve the alignment of Medicare payment strategies with goals to improve the quality of care provided, patient experiences with health care, and health outcomes, while also controlling costs. These efforts move Medicare away from the volume-based payment of traditional fee-for-service models and toward value-based purchasing, in which cost control is an explicit goal in addition to clinical and quality goals. Specific payment strategies include pay-for-performance and other quality incentive programs that tie financial rewards and sanctions to the quality and efficiency of care provided and accountable care organizations in which health care providers are held accountable for both the quality and cost of the care they deliver.
Accounting For Social Risk Factors in Medicare Payment is the fifth and final report in a series of brief reports that aim to inform ASPE analyses that account for social risk factors in Medicare payment programs mandated through the IMPACT Act. This report aims to put the entire series in context and offers additional thoughts about how to best consider the various methods for accounting for social risk factors, as well as next steps.
580 pages
·
6 x 9
·
paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-44920-0
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-44921-9
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/23635
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Accounting for Social Risk Factors in Medicare Payment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Import this citation to:
Workshop_in_brief
In March 2024, the National Academies hosted a public workshop, sponsored by the Office of Naval research, to assess the operational and medical needs of the U.S. Navy and how they might be met with developing science and technology. Speakers focused on innovations to address health and safety challenges among divers and submariners, including decompression sickness, oxygen toxicity, fatigue, contaminated water, extreme temperatures, and long deployments.
14 pages
·
8.5 x 11
·
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-72322-1
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27878
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Emerging Science and Technology to Address Naval Undersea Medicine Needs: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Import this citation to:
Workshop_in_brief
In March 2024, the National Academies'Roundtable on Obesity Solutions hosted a public workshop to address the implications of obesity medications on policy and legislation, economics, access, public perception, and population health. Discussions covered the safety and efficacy of medications that affect weight status, integrating medication as part of comprehensive obesity treatment, and opportunities and challenges of new obesity treatments in the clinic and beyond. This proceedings summarizes discussions and key messages from the workshop.
12 pages
·
8.5 x 11
·
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-72292-6
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27872
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Medications and Obesity: Exploring the Landscape and Advancing Comprehensive Care: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Import this citation to:
Because of the diversity of charging needs at airports and the varied policy environments in which airports operate, no single roadmap describes how to best install electric vehicle charging. Furthermore, an airport may use multiple approaches to owning and operating charging infrastructure. To help simplify this complex space, this planning guide categorizes charging into eight use cases.
ACRP Web-Only Document 61: Planning for Future Electric Vehicle Growth at Airports, from TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program, is designed as a primer to help educate airport staff and practitioners on the technologies and processes associated with charging infrastructure. The guide was developed in Phase I of ACRP Project 03-71 that will include additional products in Phase II.
76 pages
·
8.5 x 11
·
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-72374-4
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27889
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Planning for Future Electric Vehicle Growth at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Import this citation to:
The communities surrounding airports have become increasingly aware of airport emissions and potential impacts of those emissions on local air quality and public health. Those concerns along with growth in airport operations have spurred the need for airport operators to more fully understand the potential for health impacts related to airport operations and to develop better information and methods to share this information with the public.
ACRP Web-Only Document 62: Understanding Airport Air Quality and Public Health Studies Related to Airports, Second Edition, from TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program, evaluates and updates the existing body of knowledge on air quality and public health studies related to airports to help airport operators better understand and respond to airport-related air quality and public health concerns.
Supplement to the document is an interactive version of Appendix A from the report that lists relevant peer-reviewed publications.
130 pages
·
8.5 x 11
·
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-72359-0
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27886
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Understanding Airport Air Quality and Public Health Studies Related to Airports, Second Edition. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Import this citation to:
Consensus
The lack of a clear and consistent definition for Long COVID presents challenges for policymakers, researchers, public health professionals, clinicians, support services, and patients. As such, the Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response and the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health asked the National Academies to assemble a committee of experts to produce a consensus definition for Long COVID. The resulting report, A Long COVID Definition: A Chronic, Systemic Disease State with Profound Consequences, presents the 2024 NASEM Long COVID Definition, developed based on findings reported in existing literature, as well as stakeholder and patient input.
186 pages
·
6 x 9
·
paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-71908-9
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-71909-7
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27768
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. A Long COVID Definition: A Chronic, Systemic Disease State with Profound Consequences. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Import this citation to:
Workshop
The extraction of mineral resources provides the raw materials necessary to produce the products and technologies on which the global economy depends, including green technologies essential for decarbonization. Mineral extraction requires expertise in a range of areas - including mineral resources identification, environmental evaluation, processing, and reclamation - but many of the U.S. academic programs that have historically educated the U.S. minerals workforce face significant challenges attracting students and maintaining financial viability. For some programs, enrollment dropped 60 percent from 2015 to 2023, despite a growing demand for a minerals workforce.
The National Academies convened a workshop on January 23-24, 2024 to consider how the United States can build the capacity of federal and state agencies, academia, and the private sector to meet U.S. mineral workforce needs. Participants addressed the urgent need to attract more students, discussed a need to integrate new disciplines into curricula as the industry evolves, and identified multipronged approaches to help enhance overall retention and recruitment. This proceedings synthesizes the key suggestions presented by participants that universities, companies, and government agencies could take to enhance the recruitment, training, and retention of workers in the mineral resources industry.
56 pages
·
8.5 x 11
·
paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-71779-5
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-71780-9
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27733
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Building Capacity for the U.S. Mineral Resources Workforce: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Import this citation to:
Many bridges are constructed in areas where there is compressible soil or liquefiable soil, which necessitates the consideration of downdrag forces and associated settlement. Downdrag for static and seismic conditions has increasingly placed greater demands on existing and new foundations and also led to higher construction costs.
NCHRP Research Report 1112: Design of Piles for Downdrag presents procedures for determining downdrag loads used in the design of bridge piles.
The NCHRP Research Report 1112 appendices are available as NCHRP Web-Only Document 398: Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials.
76 pages
·
8.5 x 11
·
paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-70990-3
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-72255-1
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27863
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Design of Piles for Downdrag. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Import this citation to:
Roadways intersect utility facilities above and below ground. Facilities such as water, sewer, natural gas, fiber optic, and electric lines may be impacted by highway improvement projects and often require relocation. Issues and conflicts between highway features and utility facilities can arise and impede highway construction projects, causing construction delays, economic impacts, and safety concerns.
NCHRP Research Report 1110: Minimizing Utility Issues During Construction: A Guide, from TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program, provides practitioners with a guide to help mitigate utility conflicts using strategies such as improving pre-letting utility investigations, inspection procedures, and change order documentation.
Supplemental to the report is NCHRP Web-Only Document 396: Strategies to Address Utility Issues During Highway Construction, a presentation, and an implementation plan.
44 pages
·
8.5 x 11
·
paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-70986-5
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-72247-0
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27860
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Minimizing Utility Issues During Construction: A Guide. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Import this citation to:
NCHRP Web-Only Document 398: Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials from TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program, provides appendices to NCHRP Research Report 1112: Design of Piles for Downdrag.
288 pages
·
8.5 x 11
·
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-72257-8
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27864
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Import this citation to:
While considerable progress has been made to address utility issues before a project goes to letting, a substantial knowledge gap remains relative to the management of utility conflicts during construction.
NCHRP Web-Only Document 396: Strategies to Address Utility Issues During Highway Construction, from TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program, is a supplemental document to NCHRP Research Report 1110: Minimizing Utility Issues During Construction: A Guide.
252 pages
·
8.5 x 11
·
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-72245-4
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27859
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Strategies to Address Utility Issues During Highway Construction. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Import this citation to:
In recent years, supplies of high-quality, freshly produced coal ash have declined due to increasing environmental controls and shutdowns of coal-fired powerplants in the United States and elsewhere. While supply has decreased, demand for coal ash for concrete construction is the same or greater, as coal ash is a crucial component for producing sustainable and durable concrete.
NCHRP Research Report 1105: Use of Marginal and Unconventional-Source Coal Ashes in Concrete, from TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program, aims (1) to propose revisions to AASHTO M 295 Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete to allow use of unconventional coal ashes while not compromising the desired properties of the fresh and hardened concrete, and (2) to provide guidelines for using coal ash not meeting the proposed revised specification.
162 pages
·
8.5 x 11
·
paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-70984-9
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-72241-1
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27857
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Use of Marginal and Unconventional-Source Coal Ashes in Concrete. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Import this citation to:
Rumble strips are proven safety countermeasures for roadway departure crashes. They produce vibration and noise to alert drivers that they are drifting from the travel lane. Neighboring residents—contiguous to roadways with rumble strips—often complain about the noise generated by these appurtenances. This has prompted a need to simultaneously study noise mitigation and rumble strip design and application.
NCHRP Research Report 1107: Effective Low-Noise Rumble Strips, from TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program, proposes a rumble strip design that would minimize exterior noise on the outside of the vehicle yet generate sufficient auditory and vibratory response on the inside of the vehicle to alert the operator of a roadway lane departure.
Supplemental to the report are Appendices A, B, C, D, and E and a presentation.
100 pages
·
8.5 x 11
·
paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-70988-1
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-72249-7
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27861
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Effective Low-Noise Rumble Strips. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Import this citation to:
Workshop
The National Academies Global Forum on Innovations in Health Professional Education held a public workshop in November 2023. Speakers explored how health professional educators and providers with health systems science (HSS) training can prepare learners to work together within health systems, resulting in better patient care, improved population health, and enhanced health professional well-being. Organizers hosted a public pre-workshop in October 2023 to create a foundational understanding of HSS prior to their workshop.
90 pages
·
6 x 9
·
paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-71808-2
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-71809-0
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27740
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Health Systems Science Education: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Import this citation to:
Workshop_in_brief
The Board on Environmental Change and Society of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop in May 2024, devoted to the role of public infrastructure in effective climate mitigation and adaptation. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop.
11 pages
·
8.5 x 11
·
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-72266-7
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27866
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Public Infrastructure for Effective Climate Mitigation and Adaptation: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Import this citation to:
This Report of the Treasurer of the National Academy of Sciences presents the financial position and results of operations as well as a review of the endowment and other long-term investments portfolio activities of our Academy for the year ended December 31, 2023.
76 pages
·
8.5 x 11
·
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-71951-8
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27783
National Academy of Sciences. 2024. Report of the Treasurer: For the Year Ended December 31, 2023. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Import this citation to:
Workshop
Individuals, institutions, and communities all have a role in strengthening representation of Black men and Black women in science, engineering, and medicine (SEM). The SEM workplace has historically not been an equitable space for students, faculty, staff, and professionals, but promising practices nationwide are changing that narrative.
On September 19-20, 2022, the Roundtable on Black Men and Black Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a virtual workshop to examine local, regional, and national opportunities to engage with and leverage community support and mutually beneficial partnerships that build inclusive environments for Black undergraduate, graduate, and medical students and increase the representation of Black professionals in SEM. Workshop participants helped identify practices, policies, and partnerships with demonstrated success; laid a foundation for collaborative dialogue that involves student involvement in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of SEM programs; and identified the resources and actions necessary to further positive change for Black SEM students and professionals.
120 pages
·
6 x 9
·
paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-71771-X
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-71772-8
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27731
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Community Support, Partnerships, and Inclusive Environments for Black Students and Professionals in Science, Engineering, and Medicine: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Import this citation to:
Workshop
Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) affect millions of Americans each year, causing symptoms that can be debilitating and long-lasting and resulting in physical, cognitive, emotional, and financial ramifications. The complexity and heterogeneity of TBI make it challenging to target the right interventions to the right patient at the right time. For those who do receive care, unlinked health records, fragmented care delivery, and gaps in medical surveillance means many questions remain unanswered about TBI prevalence, comorbidities, adverse outcome risk factors, and long-term outcomes. To help address this challenge, learning health care systems that bidirectionally exchange data and insights across clinical research, care services, and public health have been identified as key to improving patient outcomes. To help move the field forward, the National Academies Forum on Traumatic Brain Injury hosted a public workshop to explore the role of learning health systems in advancing TBI research and care. This Proceedings of a Workshop summarizes discussions and key messages from the workshop.
120 pages
·
6 x 9
·
paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-71744-2
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-71745-0
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27653
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Data Integration in Learning Health Care Systems for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Import this citation to:
The use of scooters, bicycles, e-bikes, and other forms of micromobility has accelerated due to the COVID-19 pandemic, urban congestion, and parking restrictions. Some transit agencies provide or subsidize micromobility to bridge the gap between transit stops and destinations beyond a comfortable walking distance. While bikes and scooters are not new, micromobility has only recently been used in public transit.
TCRP Legal Research Digest 61: Transit Agencies Providing or Subsidizing Innovative Micromobility Projects: Legal Issues, from TRB's Transit Cooperative Research Program, presents practices for transit agencies to consider when implementing shared-use micromobility systems to provide and support public transit, including accessibility, safety, regulation, jurisdiction, service quality, theft, insurance, liability, security, tracking, licensing, permitting, franchising, billing, maintenance, environmental justice, and compliance with civil rights laws. It also provides examples of cities regulating bike and scooter share programs and transit agencies participating in such programs.
48 pages
·
8.5 x 11
·
paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-70987-3
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-72276-4
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27870
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Transit Agencies Providing or Subsidizing Innovative Micromobility Projects: Legal Issues. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Import this citation to: