Workshop_in_brief
In early 2019, the Pakistan Academy of Sciences together with the Pakistani National Institutes of Health, published Handbook on Good Clinical Laboratory Practices in Pakistan. It serves as an informational guide for clinical laboratories with the aim of improving the health and well-being of people, animals, and the environment in Pakistan. To develop a plan for further implementation of the key concepts and practices outlined in the Handbook across the diverse landscape of Pakistani human and animal clinical labs, the U.S. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and the Pakistan Academy of Sciences convened a workshop in Doha, Qatar on the campus of Georgetown University in Qatar from October 22-24, 2019. Approximately 30 attendees from Pakistan and the United States reviewed key areas for development and improvement in laboratories across Pakistan, identifying challenges to implementation, and analyzing practical steps that can be taken at the local, provincial, and national levels to overcome those challenges. This publication highlights the presentations of the workshop.
5 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-68440-4
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/25967
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Implementation of Good Laboratory Practices: A Joint Pakistan-U.S. Workshop: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop_in_brief
The need for U.S. foreign and development policy to be informed by science, technology, and health has perhaps never been more important. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, additional global challenges such as climate change, rapidly emerging technologies, and geopolitical competition underscore the importance of strong integration of science, technology, and health into diplomatic and development missions for American prosperity and security.
In September 2020, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, held a workshop to identify approaches to strengthen science, technology, and health capabilities at the U.S. Department of State and the U.S. Agency for International Development over the next 5 to 10 years. The workshop featured brief presentations by leading American experts from government agencies, universities, research centers, non-governmental organizations, and the private sector, and several leaders from abroad who are actively integrating science and technology developments in the foreign policies of their countries. This publication is a summary of the presentations and the discussions during the workshop.
12 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-13019-0
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26016
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Science, Technology, and Health Capabilities Within the Department of State and USAID at an Inflection Point: Proceedings of a Workshop-in Brief. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop_in_brief
The COVID-19 pandemic is having profound impacts worldwide. Immediate responses by actors across the research enterprise have instigated new and meaningful collaborations between government, universities, and companies, but have also significantly strained the resources and workforces of institutions struggling to adapt in a period of change and uncertainty. Challenges will likely persist in the long term, as shockwaves reverberate throughout the economy. Many changes could have a permanent impact on the research enterprise.
From May through August 2020, the Government-University-Industry Research Roundtable (GUIRR) hosted a virtual workshop series on the health and resilience of the research enterprise in response to COVID-19. The workshops convened senior leaders and experts to understand the challenges created by the pandemic for research and to stimulate further dialogue on opportunities for cross-sector collaboration in the United States and globally. This publication briefly summarizes each workshop, grouped under three thematic areas: coping with economic uncertainty; considering security challenges; and mobilizing resources and transforming work environments.
14 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-11662-7
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/26014
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Resilience of the Research Enterprise During the COVID-19 Crisis: Proceedings of a Workshop Series—in Brief. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Over the past decade there has been a growing interest in sustainability education in colleges and universities across the United States, with a marked increase in the number of undergraduate and graduate degree programs, research institutes, and centers focused on sustainability. Evidence-based core competencies for interdisciplinary sustainability programs can provide suitable guidance for curricular and program development, research, policy, communication, and pedagogical approaches at academic institutions. They can also serve as a guide for students to select academic programs and potential career options, a reference for employers to understand qualifications of graduates, and the foundation for a potential specialized accreditation for interdisciplinary sustainability programs. The growing demand for well-qualified sustainability professionals within the public, private, and nonprofit sectors also points to the value of developing core competencies.
Strengthening Sustainability Programs and Curricula at the Undergraduate and Graduate Levels provides expert insights for strengthening the emerging discipline of sustainability in higher education in the United States. This report describes the local, national, and global landscape related to sustainability education; examines the history and current status of sustainability education programs in the United States and globally; discusses employment prospects for sustainability graduates in terms of the opportunities and the skills that employers seek; and addresses diversity, equity, and inclusion in sustainability-related education and employment.
156 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-67839-0
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-67840-4
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/25821
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Strengthening Sustainability Programs and Curricula at the Undergraduate and Graduate Levels. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop
Despite the changing demographics of the nation and a growing appreciation for diversity and inclusion as drivers of excellence in science, engineering, and medicine, Black Americans are severely underrepresented in these fields. Racism and bias are significant reasons for this disparity, with detrimental implications on individuals, health care organizations, and the nation as a whole. The Roundtable on Black Men and Black Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine was launched at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in 2019 to identify key levers, drivers, and disruptors in government, industry, health care, and higher education where actions can have the most impact on increasing the participation of Black men and Black women in science, medicine, and engineering.
On April 16, 2020, the Roundtable convened a workshop to explore the context for their work; to surface key issues and questions that the Roundtable should address in its initial phase; and to reach key stakeholders and constituents. This proceedings provides a record of the workshop.
106 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-67954-0
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-67955-9
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/25849
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. The Impacts of Racism and Bias on Black People Pursuing Careers in Science, Engineering, and Medicine: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop_in_brief
On July 21, 2020, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Committee on Science, Engineering, Medicine and Public Policy hosted a virtual workshop, Reopening U.S. Research Universities: Confronting Long-Standing Challenges and Imagining Novel Solutions. Attracting more than 500 participants, the workshop provided an overview of the current situation facing U.S. research universities and explored key questions that the research enterprise must address to build a more effective and resilient 21st century research university. This publication highlights the presentation and discussion of the workshop.
7 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-68365-3
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/25947
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Reopening U.S. Research Universities: Confronting Long-Standing Challenges and Imagining Novel Solutions: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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In an effort to develop relationships and promote dialogue and community exchange, the National Academies' Resilient America Roundtable—in partnership with the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), Structural Engineering Institute (SEI), and the Advances in Information Technology Committee—co-hosted a one-day workshop on September 26, 2017. The event brought together experts, practitioners, and researchers from the public, private, and academic sectors to: 1) enhance resilience and promote faster recovery by exploring the role of advanced technologies and structural performance data in existing infrastructure and built systems; 2) discuss the future role of advanced technologies and design practice in promoting community resilience; and 3) identify research gaps or opportunities in development and use of advanced technologies and design for building resilient infrastructure. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
85 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-67738-6
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/25797
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. The Role of Advanced Technologies in Structural Engineering for More Resilient Communities: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Women in the United States and Kuwait have made advances as researchers and leaders in science, engineering, and medical disciplines, yet challenges and barriers remain to enter and advance in these fields in both countries. Building on recent collaborations, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and the Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences agreed on convening two workshops to identify evidence-based practices and resources for improving the inclusion of women as full participants in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion from the first workshop, held October 28-29, 2019, in Washington, D.C.
88 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-67831-5
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-67832-3
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/25820
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. The Inclusion of Women in STEM in Kuwait and the United States: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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On May 29, 2019, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, in cooperation with the Laboratory for Innovation Science at Harvard (LISH), convened a workshop in Washington, D.C. on the role of inducement prizes to spur American innovation. Unlike prizes that recognize past achievements, these inducement prizes are designed to stimulate innovative activity, whether it be the creation of a desired technology, orienting research efforts toward designing products that are capable of being used at scale by customers, or developing products with wide societal benefits. Workshop participants explored how prizes fit into federal and non-federal support for innovation, the benefits and disadvantages of prizes, and the differences between cash and non-cash prizes. Other discussion topics included the conditions under which prizes are most effective, how to measure the effectiveness of prizes, and the characteristics of prize winners. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
12 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-68155-3
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/25892
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. The Role of Inducement Prizes: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Thirty scientists, engineers, researchers, and analysts from the United States, Russia, and Europe gathered December 3-5, 2019, in Moscow for a workshop on the scientific aspects of the intersections of violent extremism, terrorism, and radiological security. The primary goal of the workshop was to contribute to U.S., Russian, and European appreciation of how, why, when, and where radiological terrorism could be a near-term outcome of the spread of violent extremism as well as highlight opportunities for international collaboration to help prevent terrorism. Also the workshop was designed to promote subsequent interactions between U.S. and Russian specialists with attention to the types of expertise, themes, and structure of follow-on activities that are needed. This publication highlights the presentation and discussion of the workshop.
14 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-68066-2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/25874
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Scientific Aspects of Violent Extremism, Terrorism, and Radiological Security: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Teachers play a critical role in the success of their students, both academically and in regard to long term outcomes such as higher education participation and economic attainment. Expectations for teachers are increasing due to changing learning standards and a rapidly diversifying student population. At the same time, there are perceptions that the teaching workforce may be shifting toward a younger and less experienced demographic. These actual and perceived changes raise important questions about the ways teacher education may need to evolve in order to ensure that educators are able to meet the needs of students and provide them with classroom experiences that will put them on the path to future success.
Changing Expectations for the K-12 Teacher Workforce: Policies, Preservice Education, Professional Development, and the Workplace explores the impact of the changing landscape of K-12 education and the potential for expansion of effective models, programs, and practices for teacher education. This report explores factors that contribute to understanding the current teacher workforce, changing expectations for teaching and learning, trends and developments in the teacher labor market, preservice teacher education, and opportunities for learning in the workplace and in-service professional development.
222 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-49903-8
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-49904-6
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/25603
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Changing Expectations for the K-12 Teacher Workforce: Policies, Preservice Education, Professional Development, and the Workplace. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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In November 2018, National Academy of Sciences (NAS) President Marcia McNutt visited China for the first time in her official role. As part of this visit, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Science and Technology for Sustainability (STS) program and the Chinese Academy of Sciences organized a one-day workshop relating to urban sustainability in Beijing. The goal of the visit was to begin to explore some areas where the U.S. National Academies and the Chinese Academy might develop collaboration. At the same time, the trip provided an opportunity to develop links to other parts of the science and technology community in China.
To further elucidate some of these issues and build upon current partnerships, an expert committee under the STS program, in collaboration with the Chinese Academy of Sciences, organized a one-day public workshop on urban sustainability in China and the United States, held on December 16, 2019. The workshop focused on the intersection of urban climate change mitigation and adaptation, urban health, and sustainable transportation, including green infrastructure and urban flooding in both countries. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
86 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-67721-1
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-67722-X
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/25794
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Advancing Urban Sustainability in China and the United States: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop_in_brief
Oceans have long been a frontier of opportunity for exploration, scientific understanding, commerce, and trade for the United States. The transformative technologies of the fourth industrial revolution - artificial intelligence, machine learning, robotics, Internet of Things, biotechnology, advanced materials - are expected to recondition traditional ocean-based industries and enable the growth of new markets prioritizing sustainability. At the nexus of unprecedented environmental change and rapid technology innovation, how should the United States position itself as a leader in the global ocean economy? On February 4 and 5, 2020, the Government-University-Industry Research Roundtable convened experts to discuss the importance of cross-sector collaboration and the opportunities for U.S. leadership in the context of a changing ocean and a changing ocean economy. This publication highlights the presentation and discussion of the workshop.
9 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-67792-0
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/25810
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. The Role of Research and Technology in the Changing Ocean Economy: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Careers in science, engineering, and medicine offer opportunities to advance knowledge, contribute to the well-being of communities, and support the security, prosperity, and health of the United States. Many women do not pursue or persist in these careers, or advance to leadership positions - not because they lack the talent or aspirations, but because they face barriers, including implicit and explicit bias; sexual harassment; unequal access to funding and resources; pay inequity; and higher teaching and advising load, among others.
A 2020 report by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (the National Academies), Promising Practices for Addressing the Underrepresentation of Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine: Opening Doors, reviews the current state of knowledge of factors that drive underrepresentation of women in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine (STEMM) and provides an overview of existing research on policies, practices, programs, and interventions for improving the representation of women in these fields. On March 19, 2020, the National Academies held a virtual symposium to share key messages and findings from the report as well as hear from experts on the range of issues addressed in the study. This publication highlights the presentation and discussion of that event.
11 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-67695-9
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/25785
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Promising Practices for Addressing the Underrepresentation of Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine: Opening Doors: Proceedings of a Symposium—in Brief. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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The scientific, engineering, and medical communities have worked for decades to improve the representation of women in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine (STEMM). While there has been significant progress, women - and particularly women of color - remain underrepresented in many scientific fields and at many levels in education and career stages.
On March 11, 2019, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a symposium to examine policies, practices, and strategies that have effectively improved the representation of women in STEMM. This publication highlights the presentations and discussion of the event.
8 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-67696-7
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/25786
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Evidence-Based Interventions for Addressing the Underrepresentation of Women in Science, Engineering, Mathematics, and Medicine: Proceedings of a Symposium—in Brief. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine was asked to articulate a 5-year strategic vision for international health security programs and provide findings and recommendations on how to optimize the impact of the Department of Defense (DOD) Biological Threat Reduction Program (BTRP) in fulfilling its biosafety and biosecurity mission. Because BTRP is just one of several U.S. government programs conducting international health security engagement, both the strategic vision and the success of the program rely on coordinating actions with the U.S. government as a whole and with its international partners. This report provides several recommendations for optimizing BTRP success in its current mission and the wider-looking strategic vision it proposes.
202 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-67182-5
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-67183-3
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/25681
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. A Strategic Vision for Biological Threat Reduction: The U.S. Department of Defense and Beyond. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Since its founding in 1982, the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program has become the largest and most comprehensive public research and development funding program of small business research in the United States. An underlying tenet of the SBIR program, and the related Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) program, is that small and young firms are an important source of new ideas that provide the underlying basis for technological innovation, productivity increases, and subsequent economic growth. By involving qualified small businesses in the nation's research and development efforts, SBIR/STTR grants stimulate the development of innovative technologies and help federal agencies achieve their missions and objectives.
At the request of the Department of Energy (DOE), this report examines the SBIR and STTR programs at DOE, focusing on the effectiveness of DOE's SBIR/STTR processes and procedures on topic and awardee selection; DOE outreach efforts to SBIR and STTR applicants; collaborations created between small businesses and research institutions on account of the programs; a range of direct economic and non-economic impacts to awardees; and the role of SBIR/STTR programs in stimulating technological innovation and contributing to DOE's research and development needs, whether directly from awardees or indirectly through spillovers from other firms.
186 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-67159-0
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-67160-4
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/25674
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Review of the SBIR and STTR Programs at the Department of Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Research and innovation in the life sciences is driving rapid growth in agriculture, biomedical science, information science and computing, energy, and other sectors of the U.S. economy. This economic activity, conceptually referred to as the bioeconomy, presents many opportunities to create jobs, improve the quality of life, and continue to drive economic growth. While the United States has been a leader in advancements in the biological sciences, other countries are also actively investing in and expanding their capabilities in this area. Maintaining competitiveness in the bioeconomy is key to maintaining the economic health and security of the United States and other nations.
Safeguarding the Bioeconomy evaluates preexisting and potential approaches for assessing the value of the bioeconomy and identifies intangible assets not sufficiently captured or that are missing from U.S. assessments. This study considers strategies for safeguarding and sustaining the economic activity driven by research and innovation in the life sciences. It also presents ideas for horizon scanning mechanisms to identify new technologies, markets, and data sources that have the potential to drive future development of the bioeconomy.
392 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-49567-9
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-49568-7
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/25525
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Safeguarding the Bioeconomy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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