National Academy of Sciences

National Academy of Engineering

Institute of Medicine

National Research Council

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. William A. Wulf is president of the National Academy of Engineering.

The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine.

The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts and Dr. William A. Wulf are chairman and vice chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council.

The Committee on R&D Opportunities for Advanced Fossil-Fueled Energy Complexes wishes to acknowledge and thank the many individuals who contributed significantly of their time and effort to this National Research Council (NRC) study. The presentations at committee meetings provided valuable information and insight on advanced technologies and development initiatives that assisted the committee in formatting the recommendations included in this report.

The committee expresses its appreciation to the following individuals: Rita Bajura, Larry Ruth, Bob Romanosky, Abbie Layne, Kanwal Mahajan, Mark Williams, Gary Stiegel, Don Bonk, Chuck Schmidt, Doug Carter, and Tom O'Brien of the U.S. Department of Energy's Federal Energy Technology Center (now the National Energy Technology Laboratory); Ben Yamagata of the Coal Utilization Research Council; Robert Williams of Princeton University; John Cochener of the Gas Research Institute; Jim Childress of the Gasification Technologies Council; Doug Haseltine of Tennessee Eastman; Frank Bevc of Siemens Westinghouse; Ted Foster of Air Products and Chemicals; Neville Holt of the Electric Power Research Institute; Rod Judkins of Oak Ridge National Laboratory; John McManus and Manoj Guha of American Electric Power; Doug Fain of Bechtel Jacobs LLC; David Gray of Mitretech; Michael Gluckman of Columbia Energy; David Pai of Foster-Wheeler; Woody Fiveland of ABB; and Steve Gehl of the Electric Power Research Institute.

Finally, the chairman wishes to recognize the committee members and the staff of the Board on Energy and Environmental Systems of the NRC for their hard work in organizing and planning committee meetings and their individual efforts in gathering information and writing sections of the report.

The report has been reviewed by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the authors and the NRC in making the published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The content of the review comments and draft manuscript remains confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process.

We wish to thank the following individuals for their participation in the review of this report: Francis Burke, Consol, Inc.; John Longwell, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; John Marion, ABB Ahlstrom Power/Combustion Engineering, Inc.; David Morrison, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (retired); Jon Pietruskiewicz, National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Louis Salvador, consultant; Harold Schobert, Pennsylvania State University; and Dale Simbeck, SFA Pacific, Inc. While these individuals provided constructive comments and suggestions, responsibility for the final content of this report rests solely with the authoring committee and the NRC.