The open exchange of scientific and technical information has long been a fundamental tenet of science and an important feature of academic and federally-funded research in the United States. Recent reports of foreign governments acquiring information and materials from foreign students and faculty studying and working in U.S. institutions and from U.S. faculty engaged in collaborative research activities abroad are raising concerns that the open exchange of U.S. scientific and technical know-how may be presenting new national and economic security risks in an increasingly global and competitive environment. NASEM will establish a National Science, Technology, and Security Roundtable to provide a neutral venue where individuals from the national intelligence and law enforcement communities can meet with representatives from industry and the academic research community to discuss current threats, benefits, and potential risks. The Roundtable will: 1) explore critical issues related to protecting U.S. national and economic security; 2) identify and consider security threats and risks associated with federally funded research and development; 3) identify effective approaches to communicating threats and risks; 4) share best practices for addressing and mitigating the threats and risks; and 5) examine potential near- and long-terms responses by stakeholders in the research enterprise to mitigate and address the risks associated with foreign threats. Proceedings of the Roundtable discussions will be produced as will an overarching summary at the end of four years.