Examining Traumatic Brain Injury as a Chronic Condition: Proceedings of a Workshop (2026)
Chapter: Front Matter
Proceedings of a Workshop
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This activity was partially supported by a contract between the National Academy of Sciences and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (75D30121D11240, Task 75D30124F00046) and by Cohen Veterans Bioscience. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-60041-5
Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/29230
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Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Examining traumatic brain injury as a chronic condition: Proceedings of a workshop. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/29230.
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WORKSHOP PLANNING COMMITTEE1
ODETTE HARRIS (Chair), Stanford University School of Medicine and VA Palo Alto Health Care System
KRISTEN DAMS-O’CONNOR, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
RAMON DIAZ-ARRASTIA, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
DEREK FALES, Maine Department of Health and Human Services
FLORA HAMMOND, Indiana University School of Medicine
JEANNE M. HOFFMAN, University of Washington School of Medicine
RISA NAKASE-RICHARDSON, James A. Haley Veterans’ Hospital and University of South Florida
OWEN PERLMAN, Associates in Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, PC
STACY SUSKAUER, Kennedy Krieger Institute and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
KELLI G. TALLEY, Virginia Commonwealth University
AMY K. WAGNER, University of Pittsburgh
Staff
OLIVIA YOST, Workshop Director and Program Officer (until June 2025)
ASHLEY BOLOGNA, Research Assistant
KATHERINE BOWMAN, Director, Forum on Traumatic Brain Injury
CLARE STROUD, Senior Director, Board on Health Sciences Policy
James C. Puffer, M.D./American Board of Family Medicine Fellowship
ALYSSA TILHOU, Boston University
Consultants
ANNA NICHOLSON, Founder and Lead Writer, Doxastic
TAMARA HAAG, Science Writer, Doxastic
ALI RIZVI, Video Producer
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1 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s planning committees are solely responsible for organizing the workshop, identifying topics, and choosing speakers. The responsibility for the published Proceedings of a Workshop rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.
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FORUM ON TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY1
DONALD BERWICK (Cochair), Institute for Healthcare Improvement
CORINNE PEEK-ASA (Cochair), University of California San Diego
JOE BONNER, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
JOE BRENNAN, Avalon Action Alliance
JAVIER CÁRDENAS, West Virginia University and American Academy of Neurology
JOHN CORRIGAN, The Ohio State University and Brain Injury Association of America
RAMON DIAZ-ARRASTIA, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
LAGWYN DURDEN, National Collegiate Athletic Association
COURTNEY EDWARDS, Parkland Health and Emergency Nurses Association
E. WESLEY ELY, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
BRUCE EVANS, Upper Pine River Fire Protection District and National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians
STEVEN FLANAGAN, New York University Grossman School of Medicine and American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
DAVID GOLDSTEIN, George Washington University
GENE GURKOFF, University of California, Davis, and National Neurotrauma Society
MAGALI HAAS, Cohen Veterans Bioscience
ODETTE HARRIS, Stanford University School of Medicine and VA Palo Alto Health Care System
RICHARD HODES, National Institute on Aging
STUART HOFFMAN, Department of Veterans Affairs
FREDERICK KORLEY, University of Michigan
WALTER KOROSHETZ, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
RACHEL LAZARUS, AARP
KATHY LEE, Department of War
JULIE MALLOY, American Occupational Therapy Association
TARA JO MANAL, American Physical Therapy Association
GEOFFREY MANLEY, University of California, San Francisco, and Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital
LUCA MARINELLI, GE HealthCare Technology & Innovation Center
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1 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s forums and roundtables do not issue, review, or approve individual documents. The responsibility for the published Proceedings of a Workshop rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.
CHRISTINA L. MASTER, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
BETH MCQUISTON, Abbott Laboratories
CATE MILLER, National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research
CANDICE NASH, Toyota Motor North America
CHRIS NOWINSKI, Concussion Legacy Foundation
TESSIE OCTOBER, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
DAVID OKONKWO, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
TOLULOPE O. OYESANYA, Duke University School of Nursing
MAYUR B. PATEL, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma
LESLIE PRICHEP, BrainScope Company, Inc.
TERRY RAUCH, Department of War
JOEL SCHOLTEN, Department of Veterans Affairs
SHELLY TIMMONS, Medical College of Wisconsin and American Association of Neurological Surgeons
GAMUNU WIJETUNGE, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
REBECCAH WOLFKIEL, National Association of State Head Injury Administrators
KRISTINE YAFFE, University of California, San Francisco
Forum Staff
KATHERINE BOWMAN, Forum Director
ASHLEY BOLOGNA, Research Assistant
CHRISTIE BELL, Senior Finance Business Partner
CLARE STROUD, Senior Director, Board on Health Sciences Policy
James C. Puffer, M.D./American Board of Family Medicine Fellowship
ANITA RAVI, PurpLE Health Foundation
ALYSSA TILHOU, Boston University
Reviewers
This Proceedings of a Workshop was reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in making each published proceedings as sound as possible and to ensure that it meets the institutional standards for quality, objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process.
We thank the following individuals for their review of this proceedings:
Although the reviewers listed above provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the content of the proceedings nor did they see the final draft before its release. The review of this proceedings was overseen by JENNIFER BOGNER, The Ohio State University. She was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this proceedings was carried out in accordance with the standards of the National Academies and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content rests entirely with the rapporteurs and the National Academies.
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Contents
BRAIN INJURY AS A CHRONIC HEALTH CONDITION
2 Exploring the Evidence for Characterizing TBI as a Chronic Condition
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TBI AS A CHRONIC CONDITION
NEUROPATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS UNDERLYING TBI AS A CHRONIC CONDITION
EVIDENCE ON HEALTH OUTCOMES AND COMORBIDITIES
POSTACUTE REHABILITATION SERVICES
NORTH DAKOTA BRAIN INJURY NETWORK
MAINE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
MOVING FROM FRAGMENTED TO PERSON-CENTERED TBI CARE SOLUTIONS
4 Considering Opportunities to Advance Research and Improve Care and Services
THE USE OF CHRONIC CARE MODELS FOR TBI
NEAR-TERM OPPORTUNITIES TO IMPROVE CARE FOR TBI AS A CHRONIC CONDITION
NEAR-TERM OPPORTUNITIES TO ADVANCE RESEARCH ON TBI AS A CHRONIC CONDITION
C Planning Committee, Video Participant, and Speaker Biographies
