In July 2018, the committee on Toward an Open Science Enterprise released a report, Open Science by Design: Realizing a Vision for 21st Century Research that provides guidance to the research enterprise and its stakeholders as they work to achieve open science. The committee offers 5 recommendations and several implementation actions, with a focus on solutions that move the research enterprise toward open science. In order to frame the issues and possible actions, the report includes the concept of open science by design, defined as a set of principles and practices that fosters openness throughout the entire research life cycle.