Consensus
Building on the innovative Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human and Crossing the Quality Chasm, Quality Through Collaboration: The Future of Rural Health offers a strategy to address the quality challenges in rural communities.
Rural America is a vital, diverse component of the American community, representing nearly 20% of the population of the United States. Rural communities are heterogeneous and differ in population density, remoteness from urban areas, and the cultural norms of the regions of which they are a part. As a result, rural communities range in their demographics and environmental, economic, and social characteristics. These differences influence the magnitude and types of health problems these communities face.
Quality Through Collaboration: The Future of Rural Health assesses the quality of health care in rural areas and provides a framework for core set of services and essential infrastructure to deliver those services to rural communities. The book recommends:
It is critical that existing and new resources be deployed strategically, recognizing the need to improve both the quality of individual-level care and the health of rural communities and populations.
288 pages
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6 x 9
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hardcover
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-58877-4
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/11140
Institute of Medicine. 2005. Quality Through Collaboration: The Future of Rural Health. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Grouted tendons are predominantly used for post-tensioned concrete bridge elements in the United States. However, because of potential durability issues with grouted tendons, some highway agencies have opted to use ungrouted tendons for post-tensioning to facilitate replacement.
NCHRP Research Report 1139: Considerations for the Design and Construction of Bonded and Unbonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Bridge Elements, from TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program, provides information on the different aspects of the design and construction of post-tensioned concrete bridge elements with unbonded tendons or a combination of bonded and unbonded tendons.
Supplemental to the report is NCHRP Web-Only Document 417: Background and Resources for the Design and Construction of Bonded and Unbonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Bridge Elements.
158 pages
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8.5 x 11
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-73419-3
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-73420-7
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/29033
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Considerations for the Design and Construction of Bonded and Unbonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Bridge Elements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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The Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Disasters and Emergencies convenes public- and private-sector leaders to improve the nation's preparedness for, response to, and recovery from disasters, public health emergencies, and emerging threats. The forum fosters in-depth policy discussion and collaboration to identify barriers and explore solutions to ensure and sustain national security, promote recovery, and enhance resilience. This publication describes the activities of the forum during 2024.
20 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-09906-4
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/29090
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Disasters and Emergencies: 2024 Annual Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Consensus
Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD), a collection of neurodegenerative conditions, take a heavy physical, emotional, and financial toll on individuals, families, and communities. Developing effective strategies for preventing and treating these conditions, which impact millions of people in the United States, is one of the most pressing needs in biomedical research today. The National Institutes of Health has invested billions of dollars in this research, which has led to numerous scientific advances over the last decade. However, the pace of progress has not kept up with the growing needs of people living with AD/ADRD and those at risk.
Consequently, the National Institute on Aging and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke asked the National Academies to convene an expert committee to examine and assess the current state of biomedical research and recommend research priorities to advance the prevention and treatment of AD/ADRD. Preventing and Treating Dementia outlines these research priorities and recommends strategies to overcome barriers to progress.
488 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-73151-8
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-73152-6
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/28588
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Preventing and Treating Dementia: Research Priorities to Accelerate Progress. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Consensus
Women's empowerment, population dynamics, and socioeconomic development have been studied extensively from a variety of disciplinary perspectives. However, attempts to reconcile these perspectives and apply a holistic view to the relationships among these concepts have been rare, and this lack of consensus limits the extent to which these concepts can be applied toward accomplishing global health and development goals.
This report looks to advance the state of knowledge on the impact of women's empowerment and associated population dynamics on socioeconomic development by developing a conceptual framework describing these dynamics and setting an agenda for future policy-relevant research and data collection.
232 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-72624-7
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-72625-5
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27955
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Women's Empowerment, Population Dynamics, and Socioeconomic Development. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop_in_brief
As of August 2024, dozens of bills across more than half of the U.S. had introduced legislation limiting or prohibiting diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) efforts in academia. The National Academies Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity hosted a public hybrid workshop in October 2024 to explore the effects of the changing DEI legislation and policies landscape on the health care and public health workforce. Presenters gave special focus to the impact of changes on medical and public health training, curriculum, research, and recruitment, and highlighted potential solutions for mitigating adverse effects of policy changes. This Proceedings of a Workshop-in Brief highlights the presentations and discussions that occurred at the workshop.
13 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-73559-9
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/29075
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Exploring the Changing Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Legislation and Policy Landscape and Its Impact on Health and Public Health's Workforce, Education, Training, and Research: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Consensus
Grapevine red blotch disease (GRBD) and grapevine leafroll disease (GLD) are growing threats to the California wine and wine grape sector, which contributes $73 billion annually to the state's economy. These viral diseases not only reduce grape yield and the productive lifespan of vineyards but also affect sugars and other aspects of fruit quality that are relevant to wine flavor profiles. Due to the complexity of the processing and aging winemaking involves, it can take years for the full impact of both diseases on the quality of the final product to become apparent.
At the request of the California Department of Food and Agriculture, this report reviews the current state of GRBD and GLD knowledge, identifies knowledge gaps, and proposes key research and actions that could help reduce the spread and economic impact of these diseases. The report sets out guidance that could help improve GRBD and GLD management and offers strategies that may yield promising solutions for managing these diseases.
306 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-71550-4
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-73346-4
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27472
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Advancing Vineyard Health: Insights and Innovations for Combating Grapevine Red Blotch and Leafroll Diseases. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Most airports, whether they realize it or not, use geospatial data. Traditionally, spatial data has been documented on paper to identify airport assets; as technology has progressed, information on spatial data has become more accurate. Today, geospatial software systems, such as geographic information systems, computer-aided design, and building information modeling, make acquiring and maintaining geospatial data easier.
ACRP Research Report 278: Geospatial Data Governance Policies and Procedures: A Guide, from TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program, provides guidance to airport operators on how to create a data governance strategy for airports and stakeholders, including roles and responsibilities, policies, data collection standards, procedures, data exchange, security, and maintenance.
150 pages
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8.5 x 11
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-73309-X
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-73310-3
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/28857
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Geospatial Data Governance Policies and Procedures: A Guide. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop
Despite decades of ongoing efforts to improve racial and ethnic diversity in clinical trials, many gaps remain in achieving demographic representation in clinical studies. In May 2024, the National Academies Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation, in collaboration with the National Cancer Policy Forum, hosted a public workshop to explore system-level changes and initiatives across organizations and sectors to improve representation, data collection, and reporting in clinical trials and progress tracking in the United States.
124 pages
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6 x 9
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-73145-3
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-73146-1
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/28587
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Toward a Framework to Improve Diversity and Inclusion in Clinical Trials: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Consensus
Our planet is facing many complex environmental challenges, including the loss of biodiversity and rapidly changing climate conditions, driven by intensifying human-nature interactions worldwide. Dramatic advances in the biological sciences over recent years are made possible by new tools to study life at many scales, from identifying mutations in a single gene to monitoring changes in plants, animals, and microbes over an entire continent. These tools have the potential to usher in a new era of continental-scale biology (CSB) in which researchers can combine data from various realms across organizational, spatial, and temporal scales, addressing questions on biological processes and patterns that cannot be answered by observations at either small or large scales alone.
This report, prepared at the request of the National Science Foundation, sets out a vision for the development of CSB and identifies the research areas that could most benefit from multi-scale approaches. Advancing the use of CSB to address a wide range of biological and societal challenges will require the development of integrated conceptual frameworks and theories to guide research, deployment of emerging technologies, and development of a skilled workforce to synthesize the vast amounts of data from various sources.
176 pages
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7 x 10
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-71135-5
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-71136-3
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27285
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. A Vision for Continental-Scale Biology: Research Across Multiple Scales. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop_in_brief
Since 2018, the U.S. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and the Chinese Academy of Sciences have convened scientists to discuss cutting-edge sustainability research and practices. This workshop, the third in a series, took place November 21-22, 2024 in Budapest, Hungary and virtually, with a focus on food systems and sustainability.The objectives of the workshop were to promote scientific coordination, cooperation, and collaboration between China and the United States on food systems and sustainability; examine the state of food systems and sustainability research and practices and identify priority areas for scientific collaboration on specific challenges; and discuss opportunities for advancing policy options in China and the United States, including a solution-focused approach.
13 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-73572-6
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/29079
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. China-U.S. Scientific Engagement: Food Systems and Sustainability: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Travelers who are blind or visually impaired use a variety of cues and strategies to orient themselves within their surroundings and move through space to where they want to go. This wayfinding process can be particularly challenging in complex urban environments where some cues, such as detectable edge treatments, the sound of surging parallel traffic, or other indicators may be inconsistent, confusing, misleading, or missing.
TCRP Research Report 248: Tactile Wayfinding in Transportation Settings for Travelers Who Are Blind or Visually Impaired, Volume 1: Conduct of Research, from TRB's Transit Cooperative Research Program, seeks to help provide consistency of tactile walking surface indicators and guidelines for their use in multimodal environments. There is a second volume to the report, titled TCRP Research Report 248: Tactile Wayfinding in Transportation Settings for Travelers Who Are Blind or Visually Impaired, Volume 2: Guide.
116 pages
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8.5 x 11
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-71007-3
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-71937-2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/27777
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Tactile Wayfinding in Transportation Settings for Travelers Who Are Blind or Visually Impaired: Volume 1: Conduct of Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Standardized walking surfaces that provide information for blind or vision-impaired people, also known as tactile walking surface indicators (TWSIs), were first developed in Japan in the 1960s and have since been applied in both sidewalk and transit station contexts in many countries, including the United States and Canada. Consistency in cues for wayfinding is extremely important for these travelers, especially because they are unable to use many other cues available to travelers with unimpaired vision.
TCRP Research Report 248: Tactile Wayfinding in Transportation Settings for Travelers Who Are Blind or Visually Impaired, Volume 2: Guide, from TRB's Transit Cooperative Research Program, describes the technical specifications for selection, usability, installation, and maintenance of TWSIs in multimodal environments. It has a first volume titled TCRP Research Report 248: Tactile Wayfinding in Transportation Settings for Travelers Who Are Blind or Visually Impaired, Volume 1: Conduct of Research.
80 pages
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8.5 x 11
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-73383-9
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-73384-7
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/28910
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Tactile Wayfinding in Transportation Settings for Travelers Who Are Blind or Visually Impaired: Volume 2: Guide. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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For decades, public safety has been a priority for state departments of transportation (DOTs) as they strive to reduce traffic crashes. To support these efforts, the Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA) Office of Safety developed a list of proven safety countermeasures that include brief descriptions, information sheets, and additional references. These measures have been field-tested and proven to reduce crashes.
NCHRP Synthesis 639: Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures, from TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program, documents state DOT practices regarding the implementation of FHWA proven safety countermeasures. Case examples from six state DOTs provide additional information on the practices related to the FHWA proven safety countermeasures.
296 pages
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8.5 x 10
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-71676-4
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-71677-2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/28855
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop_in_brief
Communities often face overlapping stressors like pollution, climate change, and social inequities that combine to create more significant health risks and environmental challenges than any single factor alone. Cumulative impact assessments can help scientists and communities understand the impacts of multiple environmental stressors by accounting for the totality of exposures and their cumulative effects over the life course, providing a scientific basis to help guide more equitable and effective decision-making to improve public health, well-being, and environmental resilience.
To understand best practices for cumulative impact assessments and inform future activities, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine assembled an ad hoc committee to convene state of the science workshops and develop a consensus report to advise the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency on further developing the scientific foundation underlying the practice of cumulative impact assessment. The committee held its first public workshop, State of the Science and the Future of Cumulative Impact Assessment: Workshop 1, on October 15, 2024, to gather information for developing their eventual consensus report. The workshop brought together participants from academic and private research organizations, non-governmental organizations, and government agencies in an online forum to discuss fundamental concepts and methods pertinent to cumulative impact assessment. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop.
11 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-73497-5
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/29058
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. State of the Science and the Future of Cumulative Impact Assessment: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Workshop
Programs to Expand the Skilled, Technical Transportation Workforce: Proceedings of a Workshop summarizes the Workshop to Broaden the Diversity of the Skilled, Technical Transportation Workforce held in September 2024 at the National Academies of Sciences Building in Washington, DC. The workshop was sponsored by the Federal Transit Administration and the National Science Foundation and brought together experts and educators across academia, government, and industry.
78 pages
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6 x 9
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-73247-6
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/28770
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Programs to Expand the Skilled, Technical Transportation Workforce: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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As separated on-street bicycle lanes become increasingly common, many state departments of transportation (DOTs) and local agencies have installed them to address safety concerns and promote cycling. Research was needed to provide state DOTs with detailed information on the anticipated safety benefits of bicycle network design features across various contexts, the relationship between these features, and the risk of midblock (non-intersection) bicycle crashes.
NCHRP Research Report 1136: On-Street Bicycle Facility Design Features: A Guide, from TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program, presents a state-of-the-art, data-driven guide for selecting context-appropriate design features for safety improvements of separated and non-separated on-street bicycle lanes.
In addition to NCHRP Research Report 1136, there is an associated publication, NCHRP Web-Only Document 414: Safety Evaluation of On-Street Bicycle Facility Design Features, which documents the conduct of research.
68 pages
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8.5 x 11
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paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-73298-0
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-73299-9
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/28853
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. On-Street Bicycle Facility Design Features: A Guide. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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The Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice's Roundtable on Population Health Improvement was established in February 2013 to bring together philanthropy, community-based organizations, health care delivery, governmental public health, academia, and business in a wide-ranging dialogue about what is needed to improve health in the United States and across the population.
In 2024, the Roundtable on Population Health Improvement hosted public workshops and webinars and released publications resulting from these events. The work in 2024 focused on exploring economic systems as a structural driver of population health, changing the narrative around health determinants and actions needed, multisector collaboration to advance population health, the role of government and democracy, and the importance of culture change.
19 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-73502-5
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/29060
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Roundtable on Population Health Improvement: Annual Report 2024. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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Bicycling is an ideal mode of transport for short- and medium-distance trips that has many health and environmental benefits. However, bicycling was not considered a mainstream mode of transport and was excluded from travel and transport surveys until recent decades.
NCHRP Web-Only Document 414: Safety Evaluation of On-Street Bicycle Facility Design Features, from TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program, is designed to help state departments of transportation and other transportation agencies deploy safer bicycle facilities and is supplemental to NCHRP Research Report 1136: On-Street Bicycle Facility Design Features: A Guide.
207 pages
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8.5 x 11
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ISBN Ebook: 0-309-73302-2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17226/28854
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Safety Evaluation of On-Street Bicycle Facility Design Features. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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