Page 579 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

SUMMARY OF FEDERALLY FUNDED RESEARCH RELATED TO OEF AND OIF POPULATIONS

Table D.1 lists federally funded research related to Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) populations, including completed studies, ongoing studies, and studies that had missing or incomplete information such that the committee was unable to determine their status. The table is incomplete due to the difficulty in finding some of the information; however, it provides the reader with an idea of the breadth of the numerous studies that are being conducted and/or funded by the U.S. government.

Page 580 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

TABLE D.1 Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
Completed Studies
2008-04	Evaluation of Two Telehealth Interventions Targeting PostTrauma Stress in Combat Veterans: Comparing Mindfulness and Psychoeducation	The study targeted newly returned veterans from the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts. Specifically, researchers compared the relative efficacy of an alternative therapeutic approach, a mindfulness-based treatment, with a psychoeducation treatment in reducing symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and more generalized psychiatric symptoms, while increasing quality of life. Of note, both treatment conditions consisted of two in-person sessions and six brief, weekly telephone calls. Participants were 58 veterans (29 per condition) recruited from the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Boston Healthcare System. Assessment occurred before and after the delivery of the intervention. It was hypothesized that while both treatments will result in improved outcomes the mindfulness intervention will promote more healing than the psychoeducation intervention (Final N = 33).	Barbara L. Niles (principal investigator)/VA
2008-09	Tracking OEF/OIF Transition from DOD to VA	The primary objectives of the study were to establish the feasibility of Department of Defense (DOD)-to-VA protected health information transfer on a local level, and to assess the rate of transition to VA from Brooke Army Medical Center (BAMC) for the cohort of BAMC patients seen during fiscal year (FY) 2002-FY2007. Cohort included 994 OEF/OIF seriously wounded warriors cared for at and discharged from BAMC during FY2002-FY2006.	Laurel Anne Copeland, VA South Texas Health Care System/VA
2009-03	Evaluation of Polytrauma Brain Injury Rehabilitation Transitional Program	Objectives of this 6-month evaluation using multimethods were to (1) identify learning needs (skills, knowledge, attitudes) of providers in the transitional program at one VA Medical Center (VAMC) as perceived by staff as well as patients and family members; (2) determine the content and processes of an educational program to meet the needs of providers; and (3) determine feasibility, test burden, and content validity of a battery of outcome measures for patients and families.	Steven G. Scott, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital/VA
2009-04	Treatment of Insomnia in Military Veterans: Phase 1	A 4-week behavioral treatment that targets chronic insomnia (lasting >1 month) was tested in 12 service members returning from OEF/OIF.	Anne Germain, University of Pittsburgh
2009-05	Rural/Urban Differences in Service Utilization Among OIF/OEF Veterans	Data from the OEF/OIF registry and the Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 16 data warehouse were used to identify OEF/OIF veterans (n = 32,164) who were enrolled in VISN 16 since September 11, 2001. Demographic, service use, alcohol use disorders, depression and PTSD screening, and pharmacy records were extracted for the 6 months following the index dates for VA first encounter.	Teresa J. Hudson, PharmD Central Arkansas VHS, Eugene J. Towbin Healthcare Center/VA

Page 581 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2009-05	Assessment of the Health Care Needs and Barriers to VA Use Experienced by Women	The National Survey of Women s Veterans (NSWV) is a nationwide telephone survey of women veterans, including both VA users and VA nonusers, with oversampling of OIF/OEF veterans. Survey items included measures of demographic and military service characteristics, health status, VA- and non-VA ambulatory care use, and determinants of and barriers to VA health care use (N = ?).	Donna L. Washington, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System/VA
2009-06	Team Based Initiative Support (pilot study)	This study investigated family needs of six rural families caring for a veteran with traumatic brain injury (TBI) 1 to 5 years post-injury. Unmet needs were indentified, training about TBI and a resource book with information on TBI diagnosis, prognosis, and symptoms provided to families.	Linda Olivia Nichols, Memphis, TN/VA
2009-07	Forgiveness-Based Writing to Prevent PTSD in OEF/OIF Veterans	A forgiveness-based writing intervention was evaluated in 20 OEF/OIF veterans who recently experienced combat-related trauma.	Catherine R. Barber/South Central VA
2009-08	Visual Dysfunction in MTBI: A Comparison Group Study	In this study, 75 patients diagnosed with PTSD but with no history of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) completed a visual screen (assessments of visual acuity, visual field, self-reported visual function, and measures of accommodative function, vergence, pursuit, and saccades). The results were compared to data from the ongoing study of visual dysfunction in patients diagnosed with mTBI.	Gregory Goodrich, VA Palo Alto Health Care System/VA
2009-08	The Use of Anti-Oxidants to Reduce Sequela of Mild TBI (mTBI) After Blast Exposure	This study compared the effectiveness of the observation and administration of N-acetyl-cysteine (7 days) to placebo in 150 individuals with mTBI on hearing and balance function.	Michael E. Hoffer/Brooke Army Medical Center
2009-09	Motivational Interviewing to Engage OEF/OIF Veterans in Mental Health Treatment	In this study, a randomized controlled trial of 1,000 OEF/OIF veterans was used to evaluate the efficacy of telephone-administered motivational interviewing compared to informational support sessions.	Karen H. Seal/San Francisco VA
2009-09	Telephone Based Care for OIF/OEF Veterans With PTSD	In this study, 20 patients with a clinical diagnosis of PTSD were followed by a case manager for up to 6 months to evaluate the feasibility of augmenting standard PTSD treatment with Translating Initiatives for Depression into Effective Solutions (TIDES)-based telephone-based nurse-care management.	Bradford L. Felker, Puget Sound VA Health Care System/VA
2009-09	Impact of Practice Structure on Quality of Care for Women Veterans (Phase 2)	This study examined changes in how VA women's health care was organized over time, conducting analyses of VA women's health organizational surveys administered in 2001 and 2006-2007 to the census of VAMCs and large community-based outpatient clinics (CBOCs) that served 300 or more women veterans, based on prior year.	Elizabeth M. Yano, VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System/VA

Page 582 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2009-10	The Efficacy of Virtual Reality (VR) as an Adjunct Therapy for Acute Combat-Related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Non-Combatants	In this study, 136 service members with PTSD related to service in Iraq or Afghanistan were randomly assigned to receive either the virtual reality treatment or usual treatment.	Brenda Wiederhold/Office of Naval Research, Virtual Reality Medical Center
2009-10	Dissemination Evaluation of Educational Materials for Puerto Rican OIF/OEF Veterans and Families	A postdeployment education materials booklet was disseminated to 3,400 veterans and family members at the "Welcome Home" event in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Partners, champions, and other providers disseminated 10,326 additional booklets to Puerto Rican veterans and family members. The webpage on the VA Caribbean Health Care was accessed 263 times.	Constance R. Uphold, North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System/VA
2009-10	Implementation and Sustainability of VA Women's Mental Health Clinics	Researchers designed and conducted semistructured telephone interviews of a national sample of clinic directors of special women veterans' mental health programs (n = 35 VA mental health clinicians and administrators); interviewed a small pilot sample (n = 9) of women veterans based at the VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System to explore their needs, preferences, utilization, and experiences in seeking and obtaining VA mental health care services; conducted two focus groups of OEF/OIF women veterans (VA users and nonusers).	Elizabeth M. Yano, VA Greater Los Angeles HCS/VA
2009-11	Testing the Use of Interoceptive Exposure to Reduce Barriers to Psychotherapy	In this study, 40 male OEF/OIF veterans with combat-related PTSD randomized to either receive 4 weeks of supportive counseling or interoceptive exposure to test anxiety sensitivity and avoidance. Assessments were conducted prior to and 5 to 6 weeks after therapy.	Kevin S. Del Ben/G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Center
2009-12	Prazosin vs Paroxetine in Combat Stress Symptoms in OIF/OEF Returnees	This study involved a placebo-controlled 12-week clinical trial of prazosin versus paroxetine in 210 OEF/OIF veterans to evaluate efficacy and tolerability of prazosin. The study assessed trauma-related nightmares, sleep disturbance, and change in global clinical status at baseline, 6, and 12 weeks.	Elaine Peskind, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle/VA
2009-12	Implementing Integrated Care for Veterans with Serious Mental Illness	The objective of this study was to assess the organization and degree of integrated care for substance use and general medical services in Veterans Health Administration (VHA) mental health programs and to evaluate the association between underlying organizational characteristics (e.g., staffing, information technology, performance incentives), degree of clinical integration (e.g., coordination, comprehensiveness, and continuity of care), and patient-level outcomes (e.g., quality of care).	Amy M. Kilbourne, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System/VA

Page 583 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2009-12	Effects of Performance Measurement on Healthcare Systems	The aim of this study was to develop an in-depth understanding of positive and negative unintended effects of primary care clinical performance measurement on care delivery processes, on health care providers, and on patients. Researchers conducted semistructured in-person individual interviews of staff members at four VA facilities between February and July 2009. A total of 60 interviews were conducted, including 44 with primary care staff and 16 interviews with facility administrators.	Adam A. Powell, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis/VA
2010-04	Process Quality Measures of Addiction Care: Validation and Refinement	The objectives of this study were to determine the degree of association between meeting the process of care criteria at the patient level with outcome quality measures; determine the degree of association between facility-level rates of meeting the process of care measures with outcome quality measures (e.g., average patient outcomes), structural quality measures (e.g., number of substance use disorders (SUD) beds, patient-to-staff ratios), and other process measures (e.g., adherence to clinical practice guidelines). Researchers examined three preexisting samples of VA SUD patients (n = 5,723; 3,450; and 340,000, respectively) and evaluated the degree of association between the three process-of-care quality measures and outcome quality measures (e.g., SUD symptom and psychosocial improvement) and structural quality measures.	Alex H.S. Harris, VA Palo Alto Health Care System/VA
2010-04	VA's Quality Transformation: Lessons for Evidence-Based Management	The purpose of the study was to integrate and analyze a series of highly unique data sources that span VA's reorganization launched in 1996 with Kizer's Vision and Journey for Change policy documents, starting from a pre-directive year (1993), through early (1996) and later reorganization (1999-2000). The objective was, therefore, to evaluate organizational and contextual determinants that contributed to VA's quality transformation.	Elizabeth M. Yano, VA Greater Los Angeles HCS/VA
2010-05	Benzodiazepine Receptor in PTSD	This project examined binding of the benzodiazepine receptor in Iraq combat veterans with and without PTSD and to see if it can predict which returning veterans will develop chronic PTSD.	James Douglas, Emory University Bremner/National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
2010-05	The Effect of EFT (Emotional Freedom Techniques) on Psychological States in a Veterans Population: A Randomized Controlled Trial	In this study, those with a PTSD-positive assessment on the PTSD ChecklistMilitary (PCL-M) were randomized into two groups. Control group continued to receive standard of care (SOC) from providers. Experimental group received SOC plus emotional freedom techniques coaching. Assessments were made after 6 completed sessions and after 3 and 6 months (N = ?).	Dawson Church/Soul Medicine Institute

Page 584 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2010-06	Improving Quality-of-Life and Depressive Symptoms for OEF/OIF Combat Veterans: Assessing the Benefits of Interactive, Internet-based Psychotherapy and Peer-to-Peer Support	This pilot study of potential benefit, feasibility, and safety of the Vets Prevail Program Intervention consisted of a single group (pre-/post-comparison) of 50 recent OEF/OIF veterans in the frame work of a phase 1 clinical trial (phase 1). Feasibility (adherence and satisfaction), evidence of clinical benefit, would be evaluated through changes in the following clinical self-report measures: (1) symptoms of depressed mood (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), (2) PTSD (PCL-M), and (3) functional status (Short Form 12), as well as changes in key attitudes toward mental health care seeking (intent to seek treatment, mental health self-efficacy, and stigma).	Benjamin VanVoorhees, Rise Consulting, LLC/Prevail Health Solutions, LLC
2010-06	Participation in PTSD: Who Starts, Who Stays and Who Drops Out	This pilot study sampled over a 1-year period veterans with no non-substance abuse mental health-related visits in the prior year who received a PTSD diagnosis (n = 20,284). Objectives were to (1) fill the gap in the PTSD treatment evidence base by ascertaining rates and extent of treatment participation among veterans for whom PTSD was recently identified as a problem; (2) identify patient, treatment, and contextual factors associated with treatment dropout or lack of followup in the 6 months following receipt of a PTSD diagnosis; and (3) identify specific targets in the PTSD treatment pathway amenable to intervention.	Michele R. Spoont, PhD, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN/VA
2010-07	Exposure Therapy for Chronic PTSD: Efficacy and Mechanisms	In this study, 36 OEF/OIF veterans with chronic PTSD of at least 3 months duration were randomly assigned to 15 sessions of either prolonged exposure (PE) therapy or present-centered therapy.	Sheila Rauch, Ann Arbor Healthcare System/VA
2010-07	Randomized Trial of a Self-Management Early Intervention for Combat-Related PTSD	This study was a randomized trial Internet-based intervention aimed at reducing PTSD symptomatology and associated functional impairment among combat-exposed soldiers. The intervention was designed to be both efficacious in reducing PTSD symptomatology and attractive to soldiers returning from combat who are experiencing PTSD symptoms but fear seeking formal mental health treatment because of the stigma and the perceived negative career impact (N = ?).	Juesta M. Caddell, RTI/NIMH
2010-08	Development of a Family-Based, Post-Deployment Intervention	This pilot study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of the Family Intervention Telephone Tracking-Deployment Readjustment intervention in returning military personnel and their partners (N = ?).	Ivan W. Miller, Butler Hospital/NIMH

Page 585 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2010-08	MST Effects on PTSD and Health Behavior: A Longitudinal Study of Marines	In this study, relationships between military sexual trauma (MST) and respondents' functioning approximately 11 years after joining the Marines were evaluated utilizing a sample of 1,847 Marine recruits as part of a prospective longitudinal study. The objectives were to (1) identify premilitary risk factors for MST; (2) evaluate MST impact on mental health, health risk behaviors, and functional health outcomes; (3) examine PTSD severity as a mediator of MST and health risk behaviors, and between MST and functional health outcomes; (4) identify risk and resilience factors that moderate the impact of MST on health outcomes; and (5) identify risk factors for suicide. This study is the fifth wave of data collection (T5) in a longitudinal investigation of 1,847 Marines. T5 occurred approximately 10 years after recruit training.	Jillian C. Shipherd, VA Boston Healthcare System/VA
2010-08 (terminated)	Imagery Rescripting for Posttraumatic Nightmares in Rural Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF)/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)	In this study, 7 veterans with combat nightmares and PTSD tested a technique that teaches specific skills to help improve their sleep habits and decrease the frequency and severity of their nightmares, decrease symptoms of depression and PTSD, and improve sleep quality and quantity.	Mary E. Long, DeBakey VAMC/VA
2010-09	Efficacy of Mantram Repetition on PTSD Symptoms in Veterans	This study was a randomized, controlled clinical trial to compare a mantram group intervention (6 weeks, 90 minutes per week in small groups) to a delayed treatment control group on outcomes of self-reported PTSD symptoms, psychological distress, and quality of life (N = 146).	Jill E. Bormann, VA San Diego Health Care System/VA
2010-09	Evaluation of Family Outreach Mental Health Programs for OEF/OIF Veterans	No additional information found.	Heather Reisinger, Iowa City VAMC/VA
2010-09	Pilot Test of Preference-Based Insomnia Treatment for OEF/OIF Veterans	The specific aims of the pilot test were to evaluate the feasibility of implementing preference-based insomnia treatment and examine its preliminary effectiveness in improving self-reported insomnia and daytime functioning. Twenty-six veterans participated in a one-group prepost design pilot intervention study.	Dana R. Epstein, Phoenix VA Health Care System/VA
2010-09	Placebo-Controlled Study of Mirtazapine for PTSD in OIF/OEF Veterans	In this study, 100 OEF/OIF veterans with PTSD were randomized to either mirtazapine or placebo to study efficacy and tolerance to the drug.	Lori Lynne Davis, Tuscaloosa VAMC/VA
2010-09	Supported Education for OI/EF Veterans with Disabilities	A Participatory Action Research approach was utilized via assembling a development team. The development team was tasked with conducting a needs assessment and an implementation assessment for supported education. Data was collected through focus groups with OIF/OEF veterans with self-reported symptoms of PTSD. Researchers prepared a supported education practice curriculum and implementation guidelines based on data collected (N = ?).	Marsha Langer Ellison, Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial Veterans Hospital/VA

Page 586 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2010-09	Physical and Sexual Assault in Deployed Women: Risks, Outcomes and Services	Phase 1 of this study used focus groups to refine the study interview, pilot the interview protocol, and ascertain its psychometric properties. Phase 2 involved the identification and successful interviewing of 500 women, using random sampling with stratification. The telephone interview was used to assess sociodemographic variables, trauma exposures, health history, current health status, military environmental factors (organizational and situational factors), military and VA health care and barriers to this care, and self-reported service use.	Anne G. Sadler, VA Medical Center, Iowa City/VA
2010-09	Outpatient Waiting Times, Outcomes, and Cost for VA Patients with Diabetes	This project explained the variation within the VA in how long veterans wait for outpatient care with supply and demand characteristics and examined the potential effects of waiting for outpatient care on health outcomes and health care cost. This research used VA administrative data and other publicly available Medicare and Medicaid data from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.	Steven Daniel Pizer, VA Medical Center, Jamaica Plain Campus/VA
2010-09	Predicting Post-Deployment Mental Health Substance Abuse and Services Needs	The goal of this study was to understand risk and resilience factors that predict development of a psychiatric or substance-abuse disorder and associated mental health and/or substance-abuse service use. A national, stratified random sample of 1,300 veterans enrolled for VA care served as the study sample.	Susan V. Eisen, Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial Veterans Hospital/VA
2010-09	Treatment of OEF/OIF Veteran Neuropsychiatry Outcomes Following TBI	Website intervention was developed for OEF/OIF veterans and their families to treat veteran and family stresses from neuropsychiatric/behavioral consequences of complicated mild TBI (cm-TBI). The feasibility and acceptability of the websites was tested via a random controlled trial, which enrolls 25 cm-TBI veterans assigned in a 2 (treatment as usual [TAU], n = 10):3 (intervention, n = 15) ratio.	Armando J. Rotondi, VA Pittsburgh Health Care System/VA
2010-09	Measuring and Improving Sustainability in Mental Health System Redesign	This research project was designed to examine the issue of sustainability as it relates to the VA Mental Health Systems Redesign (MHSR) initiative. The project had three specific objectives: (1) Describe the array of systems redesign projects and their outcome measures that had been started in the first phase of the MHSR project. (2) Use the 10-item British National Health Service Sustainability Index to (a) describe the variability in sustainability factors across VISNs and facilities; (b) describe the predictors of sustainability index scores for the various projects; and (c) predict outcome measures and their sustainability for individual projects. The model posits that sustained change is related to ten metrics that can be group as process, organization, and staff factors, which are included in the sustainability index. (3) Interview a random sample of systems redesign team members, including VISN 2 and 12 leadership, facility-level leadership, and clinical and administrative staff, to better understand the factors that facilitate and impede change and sustainability.	Dean D. Krahn, MD, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison/VA

Page 587 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2010-09	CSP 575—PTSD Genomewide Association Study of OEF/OIF Deployed Military Personnel: Phase I (Feasibility Study)	The PATRIOT research project was designed to identify possible genetic variations that may influence risk for combat stress reactions. The study was completed in two stages: (1) feasibility study to test out the study process and (2) use the results from the feasibility study as a guide for the structure of the second study. The second part of the study will aim to identify genes that may contribute or protect against PTSD (N = 20,000).	Murray B. Stein and Joel Gelernter/VA
2010-10	Advanced MRI in Blast-Related TBI	The purpose of this study was to examine the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in predicting memory loss, attention deficit, depression, or PTSD in 100 active-duty military personnel serving in Iraq or Afghanistan with TBI and other injury control 6 to 12 months postinjury.	David L. Brody/Washington University School of Medicine
2010-10	Online Interventions for Female OEF/OIF Reserve/National Guard War Vets	Phase 1 of this study identified a random sample of 137 OEF/OIF Reserve/National Guard (R/NG) service women from a five-state Midwest area who returned from deployment in Iraq or Afghanistan in the prior 12 months. Phase 2 involved 37 follow-up telephone interviews with a trained coordinator who also provided information about VHA resources and facilitated access to care as indicated. The long-term goal was to improve R/NG servicewomen's knowledge about their own postdeployment adjustment and improve their willingness to access VA mental health care.	Anne G. Sadler, VA Medical Center, Iowa City/VA
2010-10	Innovative Practices for Psychological Health and TBI	This study identified and evaluated the effectiveness of DOD-sponsored programs designed to support psychological health and TBI among service personnel and their families.	Robin Weinick, RAND Corporation/DOD
2010-12	Treatment of Moderate to Mild Cognitive Dysfunction Caused by Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) With Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT)	In this study, 50 OIF/OEF individuals with chronic mild to moderate TBI were assigned to an intervention (100% oxygen at 2.4 ATA in three 30-minute periods separated by 10 minutes of breathing air at 2.4 ATA; ATA = atmosphere absolute) or sham arm. Assessments (computer based cognitive tests) conducted pre-exposure, after 15 HBOT, and 6 weeks post-HBOT.	Robert S. Michaelson/San Antonio Military Medical Center
2010-12	Combined Exposure Therapy and D-Cycloserine vs Placebo for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder	In this study, 40 participants with 9/11-related or Iraq War-related PTSD were assigned to one of two programs—both included Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy and standard cognitive-behavioral therapy techniques. One group received cycloserine (seromycin), and one group received a placebo.	JoAnn Difede/Weill Medical College of Cornell University
2010-12 (terminated)	PTSD Symptom Reduction by Propranolol Given After Memory Activation	In this study, 76 OEF/OIF veterans meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM-IV) criteria for chronic PTSD were randomly assigned to the propranolol or placebo drug condition. Six memory reactivation sessions were immediately followed by administration of propranolol or placebo. Assessments were conducted immediately after and 6 months after the treatment sessions.	Scott P. Orr, VA Medical Center, Manchester/VA

Page 588 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2010-12	Blast-Related Health Problem Identification and Polytrauma Taxonomy	This 2-year population-based study characterized the OEF/OIF experiences with polytrauma and blast-related injuries (PT/BRI) among the 10,000 current members of the Florida National Guard. The purpose of project was to be able to modify the natural history of these blast-related injuries, minimizing the adverse sequelae and maximizing recovery.	Steven G. Scott, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital/VA
2010-12	Identifying Potential Demand for VA Rehabilitation Services for OEF/OIF Veterans	The objective of this research was to improve access to rehabilitation services for OEF/OIF veterans with spinal cord injury (SCI), TBI, and amputations. Researchers identified those geographic areas and their injured OEF/OIF veteran cohorts that have the greatest potential demand for VHA rehabilitation services. Researchers used Geographic Information System tools previously applied to both the VHA TBI population and, more recently, to the FY2003 and FY2004 OEF/OIF traumatically injured veterans who used VHA services.	W. Bruce Vogel, North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System/VA
2011-00	A Needs Assessment of Returning Veterans and their Families in NY State	The objective of this project is to assess the physical health, mental health, and social service needs of veterans and their family members residing in New York State.	Terry Schell, RAND Corporation
2011-01	Risperidone Treatment for Military Service Related Chronic Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder	In this study, 400 veterans with the diagnosis of military-related PTSD were enrolled at 20 VAMC hospitals over a 2-year period. Patients were randomized in a double-blind manner to risperidone or placebo. Comparison between groups were made at 6 months.	John H. Krystal, VA Connecticut Health Care System/VA
2011-01	Effects of Escitalopram on Autonomic Reactivity in Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Among Veterans of Operation Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF)	In this study, researchers studied if taking escitalopram normalized heart rate variability and decreased (or no effect implying a lack of serious cardiac side effects), including QT variability in veterans with PTSD. Primary outcome measures were to (1) investigate the effects of escitalopram on cardiac vagal function as measured by R-R interval variability, especially in the high-frequency (0.15-0.5 Hz) band in OEF/OIF veterans with PTSD [time frame: 12 weeks; designated as safety issue: Yes]; and (2) investigate the effects of escitalopram on an absolute or relative decrease in cardiac sympathetic function and serious cardiac side effects as measured by QT interval variability in OEF/OIF veterans with PTSD (N = 30).	Sriram Ramaswamy, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System/VA
2011-02	Applying Rapid Assessment Process to Health Outreach to OIF/OEF Veterans	In this study, participants were recruited from key stakeholder groups within the 22nd VISN geographic area: (1) OEF/OIF veterans; (2) OEF/OIF veteran's social contacts important to their health care seeking; and (3) outreach, policy, and administrative personnel from the VA. Semistructured interviews were performed with outreach staff, policy and administrative personnel, and veteran's social contacts. OEF/OIF veterans were to participate in focus groups and complete a short survey (N = ?).	Patrick E. Link, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System/VA

Page 589 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2011-03 (withdrawn)	Early Intervention for PTSD in Iraqi Veterans	In this study, 160 OIF veterans who returned from Iraq in the past 6 months and who meet criteria for early PTSD were randomized to receive either paroxetine or placebo. PTSD symptoms, brain markers, neuropsychological testing of memory, and cortisol response to an Iraq-related traumatic script before and after the intervention were assessed.	Doug Bremner, Atlanta VA Medical and Rehab Center, Decatur/VA
2011-03	Evaluation of TBI Screening Processes and Healthcare Utilization	The aims of this study were to examine factors associated with receipt of the TBI clinical reminder (CR) and the association between the results of the TBI CR, veteran characteristics, and subsequent VA health care utilization and costs.	Bridget Smith, Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital/VA
2011-03	Identifying Patterns of BMI Change in OEF/OIF Veterans	The objective of this pilot proposal was to identify patterns of body mass index (BMI) change in veterans returning from Afghanistan (OEF) and from Iraq (OIF). Researchers created and analyzed a longitudinal database using VA electronic record data (N = 16,656).	Patricia Hirt Rosenberger, VA Connecticut Healthcare System West Haven Campus/VA
2011-03	Mission Reconnect: Promoting Resilience and Re-Integration of Post-Deployment Vet	In this study, 40 veterans and their chosen partners participated in focus groups and workshops and to test prototype materials with the overall goal of producing a multimedia educational intervention that will support OEF/OIF veterans and their partners with instruction in cognitive and behavioral processes at home.	William B. Collinge, Collinge and Associates/NIMH
2011-03	Perspectives on Enhancing Family Involvement in Treatment for PTSD	This study involved approximately 160 participants (80 veterans and 80 family members). Researchers used qualitative methods to identify the needs and preferences of OIF/OEF veterans and family members and assessed the implications of study findings for program design. Researchers conducted individual and group interviews in Little Rock and Oklahoma City with 40 male veterans. Researchers conducted separate individual and group interviews in Little Rock and Oklahoma City with 40 female veterans and with 80 family members of participating veterans in those cities. Interviews addressed perceived needs, desires for family involvement in treatment, types of services that are attractive/unattractive, elements of alternative approaches to meeting needs that are attractive/unattractive, as well as logistic considerations (e.g., timing and frequency of meetings, mode of meeting, child care). Researchers used the techniques of constant comparison and content analysis to analyze interview data (N = 160).	Ellen P. Fischer, Central Arkansas VHS Eugene J. Towbin Healthcare Center/VA
2011-03	Psychophysiological Reactivity to Identify and Treat Veterans at Risk for PTSD	No additional information found.	VA
2011-03	Treatment of Comorbid Insomnia in Military Veterans	In this study, 40 OEF/OIF returnees were randomized to either the brief behavioral treatment of insomnia intervention or to information control condition. Sleep measures, as well as measures of PTSD, anxiety, depression, and perceived physical health, were measured.	Anne Germain, University of Pittsburgh/NIMH

Page 590 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2011-03	Using Stimulator to Enhance Cognitive Recovery after Brain Injury	The goal of this study was to determine whether participants with a history of mTBI and/or PTSD and self-reported driving difficulties perform more poorly than healthy controls on an assessment of driving abilities and to examine the association between cognitive and behavioral symptoms with driving abilities (N = ?).	Melissa Amick/VA
2011-03	Understanding and Meeting the Needs of Informal Caregivers to Improve Outcomes for Traumatic Brain Injury Patients with Polytrauma	This was a mixed-method, cross-sectional, observational study. Next of kin for veterans discharged from four VA Polytrauma Rehabilitation Centers were mailed a questionnaire that included demographic information; objective burden; instrumental, social, cognitive resources, and resiliency factors available; caregiver; caregiver and family outcomes; and patient health and functioning outcomes.	Joan M. Griffin, VAMC Minneapolis/VA
2011-03	Health Care Use and Costs of Veterans with Neurotrauma	The primary objective of this study was to examine VA, Medicare, and Medicaid utilization and costs for veterans with neurotrauma. The study was retrospective, and included available VA, Medicare, and Medicaid demographic, utilization and cost data starting in calendar year 1999 (includes OEF/OIF) (N = ?).	Bridget M. Smith, Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital/VA
2011-03	Promoting Implementation of My HealtheVet Among Veterans with SCI/D	The goal of this study was to understand the issues associated with implementing a campaign to promote use of the My HealtheVet (MHV) system among veterans with spinal cord injury or disorder (SCI/D) and their VA SCI/D health care providers and to assess the effectiveness of two different promotional campaign strategies. Data sources and analysis activities included semi structured interviews and questionnaires administered to veterans with SCI/D and VA SCI/D health care providers at both centers and the use of Computerized Patient Record System (CPRS) data to examine changes in in-person authentication rates before and after the promotional campaigns (N = ?).	Timothy Patrick Hogan, Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital/VA
2011-03	Adapting Coordination of Care Measures to Assess Polytrauma Care	In Phase 1 of the study, researchers modified an existing structural integration measure for use in the Polytrauma Network Site (PNS) clinic context, which was reviewed by a PNS clinic director to ensure adequacy. The refined measure was then administered to the other 21 PNS clinic directors. Information obtained from Phase 1 informed the Phase 2 coordination measures. These instruments were administered to two focus groups comprised of PNS clinic core providers and staff to which the PNS clinics make referrals. Staff provided feedback on how to improve the surveys. Based on these results, in Phase 3 researchers created a Web-based coordination survey and administered it to providers at 10 randomly selected PNSs. The psychometric properties of the coordination scales were then assessed.	Terri Krangel Pogoda, VA Medical Center, Jamaica Plain Campus/VA

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Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2011-03	Survey of the Organizational Structure of the Physical Therapy Service in VHA	The specific aims of this pilot project, achieved through a collaborative effort between VA clinicians, service administrators, and researchers, were to (1) develop a survey instrument that is useful for administrative and research purposes and designed to identify administrative and operational characteristics hypothesized to influence quality and outcomes of care for patients treated by physical therapists, (2) gather pilot data from a subsample of service managers, and (3) revise and finalize the survey instrument.	Patricia L. Sinnott, VA Palo Alto Health Care System/VA
2011-04 (withdrawn, did not obtain IRB approval)	A Pilot Study Using Gradual Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy and D-Cycloserine (DCS) for Treatment of Combat-Related Psychological Trauma in Burn Service Members	Feasibility of using gradual virtual reality exposure therapy and DCS in the management of PTSD symptoms in four burned OIF/OEF service members was examined.	Kathryn M. Gaylord/U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research
2011-04	A Psychophysiologic Study of Weakening Traumatic Combat Memories with Post-Reactivation Propranolol	In this study, 66 OEF/OIF veterans with combat-related PTSD were randomly assigned to one of two groups: postreactivation propranolol or nonreactivation propranolol. Subjects in the nonreactivation propranolol group received propranolol in the absence of traumatic memory reactivation. Subjects randomized to the postreactivation propranolol group received matching placebo capsules.	Roger K. Pitman/ Massachusetts General Hospital, VA
2011-04	Printed and Web-Based OEF/OIF Culturally-Relevant Family Education	The goal of the study was to develop a model for developing and disseminating Spanish- and English-language OEF/OIF family health information throughout VISN8. The study was to (1) conduct an implementation project in the U.S. Virgin Islands to refine and adapt the study's methods by creating printed and Web-based health information that are written in the English language at a low literacy level and tailored for a unique cultural group and (2) use the lessons learned in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands to plan and develop a service-directed project to address the diverse informational needs of predominant cultural subgroups in VISN8.	Constance R. Uphold, North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System/VA
2011-05	Internet Self-Help Program for Major Depressive Disorder in Spouses of Combatants	This was a pilot study of spouses of veterans with major depressive disorder who will provide feedback on an existing cognitive-behavioral Internet program shown to be efficacious in treating depression. The modified program was tested against the existing program in a randomized trial (N = ?).	Bentson H. Mcfarland, Oregon Health and Science University/NIMH
2011-05	PTSD Symptoms and Alcohol Problems: Vulnerability and Resilience Factors	This study explored the relationships among traumatic symptoms, vulnerability (impulsivity) and resilience factors (emotional intelligence), and alcohol use and problems among recent returning OEF/OIF veterans (N = ?).	Raluca M. Gaher, University of South Dakota/NIAAA

Page 592 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2011-05	A Computer Adaptive Test to Measure Community Reintegration	This was a field study of 400 veterans, including (1) 100 veterans under the age of 60 who were observed to have good community reintegration, i.e., those with housing stability and steady employment, (2) 100 veterans under the age of 60 who are homeless and/or chronically unemployed, and (3) 200 OIF/OEF veterans.	Linda J. Resnik, PhD, MS, VA Medical Center, Providence/VA
2011-05	Gender Differences in Mental Health Treatment Needs and Service Use	Researchers conducted telephone interviews and medical records reviews on 100 VA New Jersey patients (50 men and 50 women) randomly selected from a Decision Support System (DSS) list of patients who screened positive for PTSD in the last 3 years. The questionnaire consisted of mixed and open-ended response items exploring mental and physical health and VA treatment experiences.	Anna Kline, VA New Jersey Health Care System/VA
2011-05	Implementing Alcohol Counseling with Clinical Reminders: Barriers and Facilitators	The purpose of this study was to identify facilitators and barriers to effective use of alcohol-related clinical reminders (CRs). A secondary purpose was to refine methods in preparation for a national evaluation. This study was an observational, qualitative study of the way clinicians interact with CRs at nine outpatient clinics within VA Puget Sound. VA clinicians were recruited and verbally consented. Four researchers took notes as they observed clinicians interacting with CRs. Notes were transcribed and analyzed qualitatively using template analysis based on an a priori coding template that was derived from Greenhalgh's implementation model. Overall, 58 clinical staff (25 registered nurses, 26 licensed practical nurses, 7 health technicians), and 21 providers (16 medical doctors, 5 nurse practitioners) caring for 166 patients were observed.	Emily C. Williams, VA Puget Sound Health Care System/VA
2011-05	Service Utilization and Barriers to Care for Veterans in Rural and Urban Settings	This was a planned pilot population-based mail survey study to compare random samples of 100 rural vs 100 urban veterans in the state of Hawaii known to have barriers to care in rural regions. Aims of the study were to determine if veterans in rural communities perceive more community stigma than those located in urban areas and determine the relationship between individual, institutional, and community stigma-related factors in predicting health care utilization among rural and urban veterans.	Julia Whealin, VA Pacific Islands Health Care System, Honolulu/VA
2011-06	The Effectiveness of FMPO in Improving the Quality of Care for Persons with Severe Mental Illness	The study tested the effectiveness of Family Member Provider Outreach (FMPO)— an innovative, structured, brief and manualized family engagement intervention for veterans with severe mental illness (SMI). In this randomized controlled trial of 240 VA outpatients with SMI, patients were randomized to receive the FMPO intervention or usual services. Baseline and 6-month assessments were completed with all participants.	Lisa B. Dixon, Baltimore VAMC VA Maryland Health Care System/VA
2011-06	Characterization and Care Coordination of Polytrauma Patients	The purpose of this retrospective chart review study was to describe the short-term durability of functional outcomes for veterans with TBI. A secondary objective was to identify factors that may limit functional independence and are associated with poor outcomes (N = ?).	David Cifu, Boston DVBIC/VA

Page 593 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2011-06	Manualized Treatment for Veterans with Military Sexual Trauma	The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive processing therapy (CPT) versus present-centered therapy (PCT) in treating current post-traumatic stress symptoms associated with sexual assault that occurred while veterans were serving in the military (N = 170). The study objectives will be met by three levels of hypotheses. Hypotheses focus on the primary outcome (PTSD symptoms), confirmatory outcomes (depression symptoms, quality of life), and exploratory outcomes (cost and utilization). Based on the results of the study, researchers intend to produce an educational CD-ROM, which will include a training manual to educate practitioners on the use of the more effective treatment with veterans.	Alina Suris, PhD, VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas
2011-06	Preventive Web-Based Intervention for Spouses of Traumatized Military Personnel	Spouses of veterans with PTSD provided feedback on interactive Web-based technologies that provide education about PTSD and coping strategies (N = ?).	Bentson H. McFarland, OR Health and Science University/NIMH
2011-06	Relationships and PTSD Study: Detection of Intimate Partner Violence	To examine intimate partner violence (IPV) documentation practices, Phase 1 of this study reviewed every note in the medical record over 5 years for a random sample of 507 veterans enrolled into PTSD treatment. Researchers determined whether an IPV perpetration assessment was documented and, if so, when, which clinic, what provider discipline, and how IPV was detected. Study Phase 2 used a nonexperimental design with 460 veteran/partner dyads recruited from a stratified random sample. Subjects completed paper and pencil instruments and participated in structured interviews. Researchers sought to determine if IPV can be reliably discriminated based on PTSD severity, relationship mutuality, early IPV exposure, and/or substance abuse (discriminant analysis). To determine if these indicators are associated with providers' detection of IPV, logistic regression was to be used (N = 441 couples).	April A. Gerlock, VA Puget Sound Health Care System/VA
2011-06	Combat, Sexual Assault, and Post-Traumatic Stress in OIF/OEF Military Women	This study had a cross-sectional design with two sequential phases. Phase 1 included focus groups to refine the current study interview specific to regular military populations. Phase 2 involved the identification and successful interviewing of 669 regular military service women who completed a telephone interview that assessed sociodemographic variables, trauma exposures, health history, current health status, military environmental factors (organizational and situational factors), military and VA health care and barriers to this care, and self-reported service use.	Anne G. Sadler, VA Medical Center, Iowa City/VA

Page 594 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2011-06	Behavioral Couples Therapy Implementation in SUD Specialty Care	In this study, program directors and VISN SUD representatives were be contacted for each of the 21 SUD outpatient programs implementing Behavioral Couples Therapy (BCT), as reported on the FY2008 Drug and Alcohol Program Survey (DAPS; n = 19) or identified by the treatment developer (n = 2). Five sites that have successfully implemented BCT and five sites that have been relatively unsuccessful ("high" versus "low" adopters) were be the focus of this evaluation. Three key informants from each of the 10 sites were interviewed. The interview and survey data were complemented with preexisting data from the DAPS and the National Patient Care Database.	Elizabeth V. Gifford, VA Palo Alto Health Care System/VA
2011-06	Treatment Preferences and Barriers in OIF Soldiers with mild TBI and/or PTSD	The primary objective of the study was to examine the receipt of best practices and to identify barriers to PTSD treatment among veterans with a history of mTBI. Specifically, the primary aims were to (1) describe the rehabilitation and mental health treatment history, with a focus on receipt of best practices, among OIF deployed veterans with a history of mTBI and/or PTSD and (2) better understand PTSD treatment seeking among veterans with and without a history of mTBI.	Shannon M. Kehle, PhD, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis/VA
2011-07	Randomized Trial of an Online Early Intervention for Combat PTSD in Primary Care	A randomized, controlled trial of 160 service members with PTSD compared an Internet-based, nurse-assisted, cognitive behavioral self-management program to usual care alone with follow-up at 6 and 12 weeks.	Charles Engel/NIMH
2011-07	Barriers to Mental Health Care Among OIF/OEF Veterans	Objectives of this study were to (1) compare and contrast psychologically symptomatic veterans who do utilize mental health services with symptomatic veterans who do not utilize mental health services and evaluate the link between subjective barriers to mental health care and actual utilization of behavioral health services in veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan and (2) analyze the relationship between beliefs about mental health (subjective barriers to care, psychotherapy, medication, and attributions) and mental health care utilization. Researchers recruited veterans from the Primary Care Clinic or the Mental Hygiene Clinic (N = ?).	Ilan Harpaz-Rotem, VA Connecticut Healthcare System West Haven Campus/VA
2011-07	Assessing Implementation of Post-Deployment Integrated Care: Pilot Project	This 15-month pilot project studied clinic planning, implementation, and organizational arrangements for six clinics established within VA's Post-Deployment Integrated Care Initiative (PDICI). The study documented and characterized (1) the introduction of PDICI clinics into individual VA health care delivery facilities and (2) the clinics' structure and organizational arrangements. The project identified key factors leading to different implementation processes and organizational arrangements and assessed selected impacts of different implementation processes and organizational arrangements.	Tamar Wyte and Brian Mittman/QUERI RRP, VA
2011-08	A Cognitive Enhancer May Facilitate Behavioral Exposure Therapy for Veterans with PTSD	In this study, 150 OIF veterans with PTSD were randomly assigned to one of three groups: virtual reality exposure (VRE) therapy and D-cycloserine, VRE therapy and alprazolam, or VRE therapy and placebo.	Barbara O. Rothbaum, Emory University/NIMH

Page 595 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2011-08	Mobile Enabling Technology to Promote Adherence to Behavioral Therapy	The mobile application iHeal was used by 25 returning combat veterans with PTSD and/or substance abuse to determine whether the physiological changes detected are predictive of posttraumatic stress or drug cues.	Edward W. Boyer, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester/NIDA
2011-08	Reintegration: The Role of Spouse Telephone BATTLEMIND Pilot Study	In this study, 60 spouses of service members participated in 12-hour-long structured telephone support groups focusing on education, coping skills, and support targeting readjustment postdeployment.	Linda O. Nichols, Memphis VAMC/VA
2011-08	Theory-Driven Mixed-Methods Evaluation of PTSD Treatment Implementation in VA	Quantitative and qualitative assessments of more than 250 mental health providers in residential PTSD treatment settings (n = 40). The overarching goal was to characterize and assess the implementation process of the two evidenced-based psychotherapies for PTSD, PE, and CPT. The proposed study was conducted in partnership with the Northeast Program Evaluation Program, which monitors all VA mental health programming nationwide, and the National Center for PTSD, which oversees the dissemination of PE and CPT nationally among VA providers.	Joan Cook, Yale University/NIH (OD)
2011-08	Web-Based Behavioral Intervention For Returning Veterans with Risky Alcohol Use	In this study, 200 returning veterans were randomly assigned to either an initial intervention group or a delayed intervention group to evaluate the efficacy of the Web-based intervention to reduce alcohol use, alcohol problems, and PTSD symptoms.	Terence M. Keane, Boston University Medical Campus/NIH (OD)
2011-08	Stigma, Gender, and Other Barriers to VHA Use for OEF/OIF Veterans	The primary objective of this project was to examine the contribution of individual, institutional, and most importantly, stigma-related barriers, to VA health care. A secondary objective was to document unique barriers to VA care for women and men. Phase I involved focus groups with OEF/OIF veterans, six focus groups (48 participants). For Phase II, mail surveys incorporating barrier measures and addressing health care use were administered to a nationally representative sample of OEF/OIF veterans (N = 1,000).	Dawne S. Vogt, VA Medical Center, Jamaica Plain Campus/VA
2011-09	Pain, Psychiatric Disorders, and Disability Among Veterans With and Without Polytrauma	In this study, data on pain and emotional problem prevalence, associated impairments, and barriers to care and community reintegration was assessed in 600 OEF/OIF service members with and without polytrauma.	Michael E. Clark, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital/VA
2011-09	Accessible Website Design for Cognitive Impairment	The overall goal of this project was to use a group of persons with cognitive impairments to explore website interface design effectiveness, and develop a set of empirically based interface design guidelines to create accessible websites for a population of persons with cognitive impairments. Specifically, the project focused on persons with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder (N = ?).	Armando Rotondi, University of Pittsburgh/VA
2011-09	Cerebrospinal Fluid Neuropeptide Y in PTSD	No additional information found.	VA

Page 596 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2011-09	Treating Insomnia and Nightmares After Trauma: Impact on Symptoms and Quality of Life	In this study, 80 participants with PTSD who meet diagnostic criteria for both insomnia and recurring nightmares were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups to examine whether the addition of sleep treatment decreases PTSD symptoms and improves overall clinical outcomes.	Sean P.A. Drummond, University of California, San Diego/NIH, NINR
2011-09	Outcomes and Correlates of Suicidal Ideation in OEF/OIF Veterans	This multisite, mixed-methods study was conducted at three VA facilities (Portland, Houston, and Indianapolis) and involved the collection of quantitative data from local facility databases and collection of qualitative information from interviews of 45 veterans screened for suicidal ideation.	Steven K. Dobscha, VA Medical Center, Portland/VA
2011-09	Prescription Drug Abuse and Addiction Among Active Duty Service Members	This study intended to identify patterns of prescription misuse to characterize its potential impact on military readiness and to make recommendations regarding the needed programs to prevent and treat misuse. Data were from electronic health records and from drug testing.	Diana D. Jeffrey, Center for Healthcare Management Studies/funder unknown
2011-11	VA Facility Determinants of Racial-Ethnic Variations in Quality of Care	In this study, global, summary, and individual quality indicators and measures were used to identify high disparity sites and their modifiable characteristics associated with disparities. Objective were to identify modifiable VA facility-level characteristics associated with quality of care for specific racial-ethnic minority groups, and to do so within the context in which VA facilities deliver care.	Donna L. Washington, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System/ VA
2011-11	Neurobiological Correlates of PTSD During REM Sleep	The overarching aim of this Exploratory/Developmental Research Grant Award (R21) was to explore the neurobiological correlates of PTSD during rapid-eye-movement sleep by using state-of-the-science positron emission tomography sleep imaging. This observational study allowed researchers to gain insight into the differences in sleep and waking brain mechanisms between veterans with PTSD and those without PTSD (N = 24).	(No PI information)/ University of Pittsburgh
2011-12	National Guard Outreach and Linkage to Treatment	In this study, investigators conducted semistructured interviews with 25,000 soldiers, buddies, and National Guard leadership to develop and pilot test survey items relevant to implementation; develop and pretest survey items relevant to soldier symptomatic and functional status; conduct a small feasibility study to determine response rates and veteran willingness to allow access to linkable Post-Deployment Health Assessment/Post-Deployment Health Reassessment data and health services data; and construct a merged, de-identified longitudinal dataset comprised of postdeployment health assessment and reassessment data, MHS/TRICARE, and VA services data from National Guard soldiers in Michigan and comparison states of Indiana and Ohio.	Marcia T. Valenstein, Ann Arbor VA HCS/VA

Page 597 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2011-12	Evaluation of VA's TBI Clinical Reminder and Secondary Level Evaluation	The purpose this study was to determine the clinical validity and reliability of the VA's TBI Clinical Reminder and the Comprehensive TBI Evaluation used to screen for mTBI. Examining the reliability of the two screens determined whether they are dependable. Verifying the clinical validity was important because valid screening and evaluation of mTBI leads to accurate diagnosis and timely treatment. Accurate screening also improves clinical efficiency and ensures that resources are provided to those who need them most. The project findings are expected to advance the science of screening and diagnosis of a mTBI event (N = 456).	Judi L. Babcock-Parziale/VA
2011-12	Sleep Disturbance in OEF/OIF Veterans with PTSD: A CVD Risk Factor	No additional information found.	VA
2011-12	The Effect of Acupuncture on PTSD-Related Insomnia	This clinical, single-site, randomized, controlled trial consisted of OIF/OEF veterans with PTSD-related insomnia assigned to group auricular acupuncture, sham control, or true control. The sample size was 20 per group.	Michelle Kennedy Prisco, VA Medical Center, DC/VA
2011-12	Pilot of Acupuncture to Improve Quality of Life in Veterans with TBI and PTSD	The objective for this pilot project was to determine the efficacy of adjunctive acupuncture for improving quality of life and function and alleviating comorbidities associated with TBI and PTSD in service members injured in the current wars. OIF/OEF veterans who screen positive for TBI or PTSD and were treated with a 12-week standard individualized acupuncture method compared to veterans randomly assigned to standard care alone. Outcomes were measured by the veteran's SF-36 at 6-, 12-, and 24-week follow-ups (N = 50).	Thomas W. Findley, East Orange Campus of the VA New Jersey Health Care System/VA
2011-12	Central Auditory Processing Disorders Associated with Blast Exposure	The incidence of central auditory dysfunction in war fighters exposed to high-explosive blasts while serving in combat have not been clearly determined. The objectives of this study were to determine whether central auditory processing (CAP) disorders are associated with exposure to high-explosive blasts. This study also examined the incidence, magnitude, and timing of spontaneous recovery of CAP function from blast exposure. The information provided by this study will help guide clinicians in both the military and VA health care systems regarding the likelihood of central auditory processing disorders in soldiers returning from deployment and suggest some clinical rehabilitative strategies for the treatment of these patients with CAP deficits. Subjects took part in a battery of audiological tests meant to evaluate the function and status of the auditory system. These tests are similar to those carried out routinely in audiology clinics and included behavioral tests of pure tone hearing, speech perception, and central auditory function and electrophysiological testing of the middle ear and of the central auditory system (N = 200).	Marjorie R. Leek, VA Medical Center, Portland/VA

Page 598 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2012-03	Evaluating a Peer Visitor Program for OIF/OEF Veterans with Polytrauma	The goal of this study was to train OIF/OIF veterans with multiple injuries to be peer visitors, i.e., volunteers who visit more recent OIF/OEF veterans and provide support. Researchers evaluated the effectiveness of the training and evaluated any benefits that volunteer peer visitors and the recipients of peer visitors might experience as a result of participating in peer visitation (N = 50).	Rhonda M. Williams, VA Puget Sound Health Care System/VA
2012-03	Assessing and Reducing Post-Deployment Violence Risk	In this study, 1,000 OEF/OIF veterans were surveyed at baseline and at 1 year about violent behaviors; 300 veterans and a member of their family were to be interviewed at baseline and at 1 year about violence, substance use, family adjustment, PTSD, and employment status.	Eric B. Elbogen, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill/NIMH
2012-03 (terminated)	Neural Correlates of Early Intervention for PTSD	In this study, 160 service members returning from Iraq with early PTSD were randomized to receive paroxetine or placebo for 3 months with repeat imaging and assessments. After this, they were treated with open-label paroxetine for 3 months followed by repeat imaging and assessments. 80 healthy service members who did not deploy to OIF and 80 health service members who deployed will serve as controls.	James D. Bremner, Emory University/Atlanta Research and Education Foundation
2012-03	Brain Markers of Treatment Response in PTSD	In the context of an open-label 12-week clinical trial of paroxetine, this study performed pre- and posttreatment functional MRI (fMRI) of amygdala reactivity, ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) response, and amygdala-vmPFC interactions ("connectivity") during processing of threat/fearful face stimuli and reappraisal-based regulation of negative affect in 80 veterans returning from OEF/OIF, all of whom had been exposed to moderate-severe combat trauma, including 40 with PTSD and 40 without PTSD.	K. Luan Phan, University of Michigan/VA
2012-03	Preventing PTSD Related Functional Impairment in Veterans	No additional information found.	VA
2012-03	The Effects of Explosive Blast as Compared to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder on Brain Function and Structure	This study examined the neural consequences of blast exposure by comparing the functional and structural brain characteristics of 180 OIF National Guard soldiers who returned from deployment who have blast injury, blast injury and PTSD, PTSD, and no blast injury or PTSD (45 demographically similar subjects in each group).	Scott R. Sponheim/Minnesot a Veterans Research Institute

Page 599 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2012-03	Imaging and Cognitive Correlates of Blast TBI in OIF/OEF Combat Veterans	The primary objective of this study was to characterize white matter integrity using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), as well has functional activity using fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and continuous fMRI in combat veterans exposed to blast wave. The secondary objective was to examine the relationship between white matter integrity and functional imaging findings to neuropsychological function and to activities of daily living (functional assessment and quality of living questionnaires). In the study, 48 OEF and OIF combat veterans who have sustained mTBI following blast injury were matched with a group of 48 OIF/OEF veteran controls (by age, education, and sex).	Effie M. Mitsis, James J. Peters VAMC/VA
2012-03	An Exploratory Survey of My HealtheVet Authenticated Users and Usage	This study followed 250 newly authenticated veterans for 6 months. Baseline data included health literacy, demographics, patient activation measure, Internet access, internet use, e-Health literacy, report of the authentication process and source of information about MHV. The 6-month follow-up included MHV self-report usage, MHV experience, and MHV Login data.	Susan S. Woods, VA Medical Center, Portland/VA
2012-03	Imaging-Genetics of PTSD in OEF/OIF Veterans	This study leveraged the substantial investment of the Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Education and Clinical Center to acquire a large database of OEF/OIF veterans to investigate the influence of genes on the development of PTSD using neuroimaging phenotypes. Broadly, the three specific aims of the study integrated advanced methods in brain imaging and human genotyping to identify new genes associated with PTSD and understand the role these genes play in brain function. The first aim was to perform fMRI studies on OEF/OIF veterans with PTSD (n = 80) and trauma exposed controls (n = 80) in a working memory task and emotion-processing task to identify brain regions of differential activation. The second aim was to assay a targeted list of five candidate genes based on biological plausibility in working memory and emotion processing. The third aim was to analyze the genotype information from Aim 2 and brain activation information from Aim 1 to study the interaction of genotype, brain activation, and PTSD severity in dorsal frontoparietal regions and ventral frontolimbic regions. In this manner an imaging-genetics approach is expected to help identify genes associated with PTSD.	Rajendra A. Morey, Durham VAMC/VA
2012-04	Rehabilitation Strategies to Reduce Violence and Anger in TBI and PTSD	No additional information found.	J.C. Beckham, MIRECC Assistant Director, Genetics Research
2012-04	Treatment of Insomnia in Military Veterans: Phase 2	This study examined sleep and daytime symptoms of psychiatric distress in 40 participants randomized to the Brief Behavioral Treatment of Insomnia for Military Veterans group (face-to-face visits on weeks 1 and 3 and telephone appointments on weeks 2 and 4) or the control group (received two brochures on insomnia). Follow-up assessment was conducted 6 months posttreatment in responders.	Anne Germain/University of Pittsburgh

Page 600 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2012-04	Extinction of Fear Memories with Glucocorticoids in Veterans with PTSD	There were two aims of this study. Aim 1 was to examine the effects of glucocorticoid administration following traumatic memory reactivation on psychiatric symptoms in veterans with combat-related PTSD. Aim 2 was to examine the effects of glucocorticoid administration following traumatic memory reactivation on physiological responses to veterans' personal combat memories (N = ?)	Alina Suris, VA North Texas Health Care System/VA
2012-04	Reengineering Systems for the Primary Care Treatment of PTSD	The immediate objectives of this study were to implement collaborative care in five VA primary care clinics to facilitate the management of PTSD and evaluate the effects on patient outcomes, provider knowledge and behavior, and costs. Across five VA sites, 195 patients with PTSD who are not receiving mental health care were randomized to receive 3CM or usual care. They were assessed prior to treatment and 3 and 6 months following treatment initiation.	Paula P. Schnurr, VA Medical and Regional Office Center, White River Junction, VT/VA
2012-04	Cognitive Assessment of Veterans After Traumatic Brain Injury	In this 4-year prospective cohort study, researchers looked at TBI profiles for clinically meaningful patterns of deficits related to injury status, which were then used as predictors of community participation and quality of life with hierarchical set regression analyses. 500 OIF/OEF veterans were recruited VISN-wide from the OIF/OEF registry, allowing for 40% attrition at each step.	Kerry T. Donnelly, VA Western New York Healthcare System at Buffalo/VA
2012-04	Access to Treatment and Outcomes for Veterans with Substance Use Disorders	This study was a retrospective observational cohort study of patient-level administrative data extracted from VA, Medicare, and Medicaid records over the period from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2005. These data were augmented by program-level survey data from the VA Drug Abuse Program Survey and the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services. Objectives were to describe patterns and trends in fiscal, supply, wait time, and utilization variables; estimate the relationship between fiscal variables, the supply of treatment, and utilization of VA treatment; estimate the relationship between access to local treatment and health outcomes for veterans with substance use disorder diagnoses.	Steven Daniel Pizer, VA Medical Center, Jamaica Plain Campus/VA
2012-06	Validation of Brief Objective Neurobehavioral Detectors of Mild TBI	In this study, 100 OEF/OIF veterans (70 with mTBI and 30 without) were administered the Brief Objective Neurobehavioral Detectors test to determine its validity.	Julie C. Chapman, DC VAMC/VA
2012-06	Outreach Intervention for OIF Veterans to Promote Use of Mental Health Services	The goal of this study was to determine which beliefs predict behavior health treatment initiation among returning veterans with combat-related behavioral health disorders. Questionnaires and telephone interviews were used to assess which veterans initiated treatment (N = ?).	Tracy A. Stecker, Dartmouth College/NIMH
2012-06	Family-Enhanced Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Comorbid PTSD and Alcohol Abuse	In this study, 15 veterans with family member/significant other involvement were randomized to compare a cognitive-behavioral skill-based intervention for comorbid alcohol use disorder (AUD) and PTSD to an individual coping skills treatment for AUD.	Meghan E. McDevitt-Murphy, University of Memphis/NIAAA

Page 601 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2012-06	Increasing PTSD Treatment Engagement Among Returning OEF/OIF Veterans	The effectiveness of a brief, individualized cognitive-behavioral intervention to promote entry into PTSD treatments was tested in 250 veterans who screened positive for PTSD postdeployment.	Tracy A. Stecker, Dartmouth College/NIMH
2012-06	Longitudinal Study of PTSD, TBI, and Functional Impairment Among OEF/OIF Veterans	This study analyzed and disseminated results from existing longitudinal data from more than 1,000 individuals previously deployed to the OEF/OIF conflicts. The baseline sample was recruited using geographically targeted, random-digit dialing and captures a wide range of individual characteristics, including all branches of service. The baseline sample included more than 300 respondents who had probable PTSD or major depression and more than 400 who experienced a probable TBI during deployment. Follow-up interviews were completed in October 2009 on these participants, approximately 18 months after baseline data collection. The project would provide funds to enable additional research using this longitudinal data. Specifically, the project addressed three broad aims: (1) document the magnitude of the mental health problems facing individuals previously deployed for OEF/OIF, (2) investigate the relationship between PTSD and postconcussive symptoms, and (3) identify the factors that inhibit service utilization for individuals with mental health problems.	Terry Schell, RAND Corporation/NIMH
2012-06	Biomarkers for Marine PTSD Risk and Resilience	The objective of this study was to identify gene-based biomarkers of PTSD in an effort to better understand the biological factors related to the risk of developing PTSD and the resilience as represented by resistance to development of PTSD. The study had two specific aims as follows. Specific Aim 1: Identify gene-expression-based biomarker profiles of PTSD risk and resilience in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Specific Aim 2: Identify changes in gene-expression-based biomarker profiles of risk and resilience in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.	Ming T. Tsuang, University of California, San Diego/NIMH
2012-06	Accelerated Resolution Therapy (ART) for Psychological Trauma	The purpose of this study was to (1) evaluate how effective Accelerated Resolution Therapy (ART) is in treating symptoms of psychological trauma among non-active-duty veterans who served in OIF or OEF in Iraq and in Afghanistan or other combat conflicts and (2) learn if there is improvement in symptoms of psychological trauma (such as bad memories, anxiety, depression, and guilt) after receiving ART (N = 80).	Kevin Kip, University of South Florida/VA
2012-07	A Placebo-Controlled Trial of D-Cycloserine and Exposure Therapy for Combat-PTSD	The primary aim of this project was to examine whether administration of D-cycloserine (DCS), a partial N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor agonist that has been shown to facilitate fear extinction, enhances the therapeutic benefit of exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in OEF/OIF veterans with PTSD. 68 OEF/OIF veterans with PTSD were randomly assigned to CBT plus DCS or CBT plus placebo. Assessment interviews were conducted by independent evaluators and self-report occurred at pretreatment, posttreatment, and at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups.	Brett T. Litz, VA Boston Health Care System/VA

Page 602 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2012-08	Aripiprazole Augmentation of Antidepressants in PTSD	Evaluate the therapeutic potential of aripiprazole augmentation to a stable antidepressant regimen for reducing PTSD symptoms, cognitive symptoms, psychotic symptoms, and depressive symptoms in veterans (n = 48) with PTSD. [NOTE: Information provided to committee does not mention if specific to OEF/OIF.]	Christine E. Marx/Durham VA Medical Center
2012-08	Supporting Education Goals of OIF/OEF Veterans with PTSD: Pilot Process and Outcome	In this study, 40 OEF/OIF veterans with PTSD were randomly assigned to either a group that received weekly supported education intervention or a group that received services as usual plus an hour of attentive intervention not focused on education.	Marsha Langer Ellison, Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial Veterans Hospital, Bedford/VA
2012-08	PROJECT VALOR: Development of a PTSD Population Registry for Veterans	A longitudinal registry of 1,600 male and female service members was created to study the natural history of PTSD. The cohort included combat-exposed men and women with PTSD deployed to OEF/OIF, combat veterans without PTSD, and veterans who were not deployed to OEF/OIF. Data were collected from administrative databases and electronic medical records and a self-administered questionnaire and semistructured diagnostic telephone interview. The study was designed to evaluate clinical course of PTSD, psychosocial correlates, and health outcomes.	Terence M. Keane/Boston VA Research Institute
2012-08	Personalized Drinking Feedback Interventions for OEF/OIF Veterans	Primary purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of a computer-delivered Personalized Drinking Feedback (PDF)-only intervention at preventing hazardous alcohol-use and alcohol-related problems among OEF/OIF veterans. A secondary aim was to examine potential mediators and moderators of intervention effectiveness. Subjects were randomized to either a PDF-only or educational information condition and completed measures of alcohol use, alcohol-related problems, and other alcohol-related variables at baseline, 1-month, and 6-month follow-up. Analyses of follow-up between-group differences while controlling for baseline values were used to determine the efficacy of the PDF-only intervention.	Matthew P. Martens/University of Missouri-Columbia, NIAAA

Page 603 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2012-08	Alcohol Use and Associated Problems Among Veterans and Student Service Members	This study examined the prevalence and correlates of military veterans'/student service members' alcohol use and abuse following (re)entry into college. It specifically explored whether student veterans' alcohol-related cognitions and patterns of use differ from those of their nonmilitary peers, as well as whether they also experienced a greater proportion of negative outcomes (mental health, social, and academic) as a result of their alcohol use. The sample included 354 students (195 veterans/student service members; 68 Reserve Officers' Training Corps students; 91 civilian students). Data collection involved Internet-based surveys addressing alcohol-related expectancies, beliefs, consumption patterns, as well as mental health (e.g., including depression, psychological distress, PTSD) and academic (grade point average, major, academic self-efficacy, locus of control) related correlates. Individual (e.g., combat exposure), interpersonal (e.g., social support), and institutional (e.g., campus alcohol culture) predictors of alcohol use were also to be explored.	Shawn David Whiteman, Purdue University/sponsor unknown
2012-09	Evaluation of Stepped Care for Chronic Pain in Iraqi/Afghanistan Veterans	The purpose of this study was to determine if a stepped-care intervention makes pain symptoms better and reduces activity limitations because of pain. Researchers compared the stepped-case intervention to usual care in 300 OEF/OIF veterans with chronic and disabling musculoskeletal pain to evaluate the impact of the intervention on pain-related disability, work function, psychological distress, and other outcomes.	Matthew J. Bair, Richard Rodebush VAMC/VA
2012-09	Adjunctive Biofeedback Intervention for OIF/OEF PTSD	In this study, 30 OIF/OEF veterans receiving care for PTSD at CBOCs were randomized to a 24-week course of StressEraser or usual care. Follow-up clinical assessments were conducted at 12 and 24 weeks.	Timothy Kimbrell, Central AR VHS/VA
2012-09	PTSD Couples Therapy	The goal of this study was to test the efficacy of a novel couple-based PTSD treatment, called Structured Approach Therapy (SAT), by randomly assigning 130 OEF/OIF veterans and their spouses to either a 12-session SAT program or to a 12-session PTSD Family Education comparison condition. The efficacy of the two treatment conditions were ascertained by obtaining measures of PTSD severity, marital functioning, and community functioning prior to treatment, immediately after treatment, and 3 months after the last treatment session.	Frederick Sautter, Southeast Veterans Healthcare System, New Orleans/VA
2012-09	Regional Anesthesia Military Battlefield Pain Outcomes Study	This was an observational study of 500 OEF/OIF soldiers with 1+ mangled or amputated limbs who were aggressively treated with regional anesthesia for pain control vs receiving standard treatment for pain control. Prospective data collection, evaluation 2 years after start of rehabilitation, and medical record information was collected retrospectively.	Rollin McCulloch Gallagher, Pain Management Service/VA
2012-09	Development of a Quality of Life Tool for Deployment Related TBI	Qualitative data obtained from focus groups of veterans and VA providers (n = 600) was used to develop a psychometrically sound tool to measure health-related quality of life applicable to wounded warriors with deployment-related TBI.	Shirley Groer, James A. Haley VA Hospital/VA

Page 604 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2012-09	Telemental Health and Cognitive Processing Therapy for Rural Combat Veterans with PTSD	In this study, 126 combat reservists, National Guard members, or veterans with PTSD were randomized to receive Cognitive Processing Group Therapy via videoteleconference (experimental) vs in person (control). Assessments were conducted at baseline, midtreatment, immediately, and 3 months and 6 months posttreatment.	Leslie A. Morland, PSYD VA Pacific Islands Health Care System/VA
2012-09	Couples Treatment of PTSD in OEF/OIF Veterans	In this study, 130 OEF/OIF veterans and their spouses were randomly assigned to either a 12-session structured approach therapy program or to a 12-session PTSD family education program. Efficacy of the two treatments was assessed.	Frederick Sautter, SE Veterans Healthcare System, New Orleans/VA
2012-09	Daily Fluctuations of PTSD Symptoms and Alcohol Use Among OEF/OIF Veterans	In this study, 168 OEF/OIF veterans with combat-related PTSD who endorse risky drinking behavior received cell phones connected to an Interactive Voice Response system that provided daily prompts to report on PTSD and alcohol use for 28 days.	Paige Ouimette, Syracuse VAMC/VA
2012-09	Executive Functioning in OEF/OIF Veterans with Traumatic Brain Injury	A comprehensive battery of tests and diffusion tensor brain imaging was conducted in OEF/OIF veterans with mTBI to document impairments in cognitive skills (N = ?).	J.V. Baldo, VA Northern California Health Care System/VA
2012-09	PTSD-Focused Relationship Enhancement Therapy for Returning Veterans and Their Partners	In this study, 440 couples were randomly assigned to receive either PTSD-Focused Relationship Enhancement Therapy or Support Therapy to prevent the perpetration of intimate partner aggression.	Casey T. Taft, National Center for PTSD, Boston VAMC/CDC
2012-09	Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of the Dopamine-B-Hydroxylase (DBH) Inhibitor, Nepicastat, for the Treatment of PTSD in OIF/OEF Veterans	In this study, approximately 120 outpatient OIF/OEF veterans with PTSD were randomized to either nepicastat or placebo in a 6-week randomized clinical trial.	Carlos Berry/Tuscaloosa Research and Education Advancement Corporation, VA
2012-09	The Neuropsychology of Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury	No additional information found.	VA
2012-09	Long-Term Outcomes in Burned OEF/OIF Veterans (LOBO)	This study used data from U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research (USAISR)/BAMC databases and patient surveys to compare the rate of functional recovery for three cohorts (survivors of combat burn, combat non-burn trauma, and civilian burns) discharged from the USAISR Burn Center or the BAMC Trauma Center (N = ?).	Valerie Ann Lawrence, VA South Texas Health Care System/VA
2012-09	Marine Resiliency Study	The objective of this program was to complete a series of three prospective, longitudinal, interrelated projects that seek to better understand risk and resilience in a cohort of ~2,500 Marines bound for Iraq or Afghanistan.	Dewleen Baker, VA San Diego Healthcare System/VA

Page 605 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2012-09	Mindfulness and Self-Compassion Meditation for Combat Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Randomized Controlled Trial and Mechanistic Study	This study compared a 16-week psychotherapy group for PTSD involving mindfulness and self-compassion meditation with a more standard form of group psychotherapy known as present-centered group therapy. Both therapies were conducted at the VA Ann Arbor PTSD clinic by VA psychotherapists. (The study was also approved by the Institutional Review Board of the VA Ann Arbor.) Combat veterans were randomly assigned to either the meditation or the standard group psychotherapy. All patients will also receive fMRI brain scans before and after the therapy, as well as assessment interviews before, at 8 weeks, and immediately posttherapy, and at 3-month and 6-month follow-ups. Saliva cortisol and measures of attention were also obtained at each assessment (N = 80).	Israel Liberzon, University of Michigan/VA
2012-09	A Brief Educational Intervention to Improve TBI Screening Outcomes	This research study was designed to learn about veterans' understanding of mild TBI and the VA TBI screening process. All OEF/OIF veterans who came to one of the study-related clinics for TBI screening were invited to participate. An educational handout on TBI was given to half of the participants along with their TBI screening. The other half of the participants had the usual TBI screening without the educational handout. Veterans enrolled in the study were asked to answer a 5-10-minute research questionnaire (N = 1,500).	Jessica L. Hamblen, White River Junction VAMC/VA
2012-09	Evaluating the VA's Assessment of Military Sexual Trauma in Veterans	A qualitative in-person interview study was completed by recruitment of a random sample of 90 men and women stratified across four sites: Iowa City VA Health Care System, VA Pittsburgh Health Care System, Miami VA Medical Center, and Philadelphia VA Medical Center. Initial recruitment steps occurred by sending mailed letters of invitation to a random sampling of potential participants stratified by whether they answered MST screening questions in the clinical setting affirmatively or not. Those who expressed interest in the study by calling study personnel were administered the Sexual Experiences Questionnaire (SEQ), a comprehensive sexual harassment/assault measure used by the DOD with tens of thousands of active-duty service members. SEQ responses were used to characterize and direct recruitment of potential participants into true MST positive, false MST negative, and true MST negative subgroups. In-person interviews and analyses of resultant qualitative data will explore the different subgroups' understandings of the screening questions as well as of federal definitions of sexual harassment/assault.	Anne G. Sadler, Iowa City VAMC/VA

Page 606 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2012-09	Photovoice as an Educational Intervention to Improve Care of OEF/OIF Veterans	The primary aim of the project was to establish feasibility of Photovoice with OEF/OIF veterans. The secondary aims of the study were to explore preliminary effectiveness of Photovoice as an educational intervention to (1) increase health communication self-efficacy and decrease social anxiety for veteran participants and (2) positively impact attitudes and knowledge of VA leadership, providers, and staff as relates to the experiences and needs of OEF/OIF veterans. Findings from the pilot study will inform the design of a multisite study of Photovoice as an educational intervention for veterans and VA providers/staff, including identification of appropriate outcome variables and data collection tools. The broad, long-term objective of the work is to improve the quality and equity of care for OEF/OIF veterans.	Jennifer Gala True, Philadelphia VAMC/VA
2012-09	Identifying Opportunities for Targeted Interventions via My HealtheVet	Objectives of this study were to (1) create an eHealth QUERI database linking clinical data (e.g., ICD-9-CM codes) and key patient-level demographics for all veterans who obtained care in VA in FY2010 to current, with data on MHV registration and In-Person Authentication, use of MHV for prescription refills, and use of MHV for secure messaging; (2) characterize use of MHV across disease categories and patient demographics. Researchers will focus on the most prevalent or high priority diagnoses and conditions among veterans. Researchers propose to specifically target conditions of interest to the nine disease-specific QUERI centers; and (3) use facility-level data to create graphic displays of variations in authentication and use, in general and by condition, that can be used by MHV coordinators and Patient Aligned Care Teams when planning marketing of MHV and by QUERIs in determining ways to employ MHV in implementation of interventions.	Cynthia Ann Brandt, VA Connecticut Healthcare System West Haven Campus/VA
2012-09	Strength at Home Couples Program	The purpose of the project was to develop and test a couples-based relationship enhancement group intervention for married or partnered OEF/OIF/Operation New Dawn (OND) veterans to prevent the perpetration of intimate partner aggression (IPA) among participants. Specific aims of this project were to (1) develop and standardize Strength at Home Couples Group for male combat veterans, including the development of a clinician-friendly intervention manual detailing Strength at Home Couples Group, along with intervention adherence measures and therapist training and certification procedures; (2) test the efficacy of Strength at Home Couples Group for OEF/OIF/OND veterans by conducting a multiple-site randomized trial comparing 10 sessions of Strength at Home Couples Group to 10 sessions of a supportive group therapy condition; and (3) explore differences in compliance and process factors across conditions (N = 440).	Casey T. Taft, National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare, and Tracie Shea, Providence VAMC/VA

Page 607 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2012-09	Modifiable Risk and Protective Factors for Suicidal Behaviors in the U.S. Army	Four institutions collaboratively conducted an epidemiologic study of mental health, psychologic resilience, suicide risk, suicide-related behaviors, and suicide deaths in the U.S. Army. The case-control study examined OEF/OIF veterans who made nonfatal attempts, relatives of soldiers who committed suicide, and carefully matched controls. Blood or saliva samples would also be collected. The aim is to find risk and protective factors. It is the largest study on mental health and suicide (50 million).	Robert J. Ursano/NIMH
2012-09	Validation of Modified DRRI Scales in a National Sample of OEF/OIF Veterans	The primary objective of this project is to conduct a systematic empirical investigation of modified Deployment Risk and Resilience Inventory (DRRI) scales in a sample of OEF/OIF veterans. In Wave I, the original DRRI items and any items that have been modified or added will be administered to a nationally representative sample of 600 OEF/OIF veterans. In Wave II, finalized DRRI scales and health measures will be administered to a second sample of 400 OEF/OIF veterans.	Dawne S. Vogt, VA Boston Healthcare System Jamaica Plain Campus, Jamaica Plain, MA/VA
2012-10	A Head-to-Head Comparison of Virtual Reality Treatment for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder	This randomized, head-to-head study compared 40 PTSD patients treated with Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy to 40 PTSD patients treated with Augmented Exposure Therapy (control).	Robert N. McLay/U.S. Naval Medical Center, San Diego
2012-10	Women Veterans Cohort Study	Researchers collected data on OEF/OIF women (n = 163,812) veterans who had enrolled in VHA and who had at least one visit within 1 year of last deployment and matched them to male controls in an Health Services Research and Development Service (HSR&D) cohort and followed them longitudinally in order to determine the effect of sex on health services utilization and costs and health outcomes. The study replicated and built on methods used for the nationally recognized Veterans Aging Cohort Study.	Cynthia Ann Brandt, VA Connecticut Health Care System/VA
2012-10	Simulation Based Planning Model for Mental Health Care Services	Researchers developed a simulation-based planning model incorporating patient flow and provider and staff workflow between and within mental health clinics at a large VAMC. The objective was to provide a capacity planning and resource allocation tool to improve quality measures related to resource utilization and timely access to mental health services.	Bradley N. Doebbeling, Richard Roudebush VAMC/VA
2012-10	An Evaluation of the Blue Button Feature of My HealtheVet: Veteran and Provider Use and Satisfaction	The main objective of this study was to determine the factors that contribute to the adoption and meaningful use of the Blue Button feature in users of My HealtheVet (N = ?).	Carolyn L. Turvey, Iowa City VAMC/VA

Page 608 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2012-10	Providing Mental Health Services to Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF)/Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) Veterans: Provider Perspectives	The purpose of this study was to gather information from VISN 19 Denver VA mental health professionals regarding their perspectives of necessary resources to provide best-practice mental health service to OIF/OEF veterans. Specifically, this study aimed to describe provider perspectives regarding the following: (1) clinical needs of OIF/OEF veterans; (2) collaboration and referral processes; (3) barriers to providing optimal treatment to this cohort; (4) provider needs and resources that may improve service delivery to this cohort; (5) provider perspectives regarding psychiatric outcomes in this cohort; and (6) professional satisfaction. Semi-structured interview regarding provider experiences of providing mental health treatment to OIF/OEF veterans. The interview took approximately 1 hour to complete and was conducted one time with each participant (N = 30).	Gina M. Signoracci, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System/VA
2012-11	Adjunctive Pregnenolone in Veterans with Mild TBI	In this study, cognitive, PTSD, and depressive symptoms were evaluated in 40 OEF/OIF veterans with mTBI randomized to receive pregnenolone or placebo for 10 weeks.	Christine E. Marx, Durham VA/Durham VA Medical Center
2012-11	Supporting Military Caregivers: Phase 1	No additional information found.	Rajeev Ramchand and Terri Tanielian, RAND Corporation/ Elizabeth Dole Foundation
2012-12	Cognitive Behavioral Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Enhanced by Virtual Reality for Individuals with PTSD and Substance Abuse	In this study, 11 individuals with comorbid PTSD and substance abuse resulting from the attacks of September 11, 2001, or from military service in Iraq were treated with cognitive behavioral therapy enhanced with the use of a virtual environment.	JoAnn Difede/Weill Medical College of Cornell
2012-12	Strength, Pain, and Function in OIF/OEF Amputees: A Nurse-Managed Program	In this study, 60 OEF/OIF amputees were randomly assigned to either the nurse-managed neuromuscular electrical stimulation rehabilitation program or to the Walter Reed Army Medical Center amputee protocol to assess gait, quality of life, functional performance, and residual and phantom limb pain.	Laura A. Talbot, Sara Breckenridge-Sproat, and Michael Rosenthal/UNC-Charlotte, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center and Naval Medical Center, San Diego
2012-12	TBI Screening Instruments and Processes for Clinical Follow-Up	In this study, the TBI Clinical Reminder Screen was evaluated for reliability and validity in 210 OEF/OIF veterans.	Rodney D. Vanderploeg/VA

Page 609 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2012-12	A Comparison of CPT vs PCT for Veterans	In this study, 10 male OEF/OIF veterans with combat-related PTSD were randomized to cognitive processing therapy or present-centered therapy. The veteran were assessed at pre-, post-, 3-month, and 1-year follow-ups.	Kathleen Chard, Cincinnati VA MC/VA
2012-12	Bright Light: An Adjunct Treatment for Combat PTSD	In this study, 70 OIF/OEF veterans with PTSD were randomly assigned to one of two 4-week treatments (45 min/day): (1) bright light exposure or (2) a negative ion generator. Clinical assessments, as well as self-reported measures of PTSD, anxiety, depression, and sleep, were assessed.	Shawn D. Youngstedt, WJB Dorn Veterans Hospital/VA, University of South Carolina
2012-12	Evaluation of Approaches to Auditory Rehabilitation for Mild TBI	In this study, effectiveness of FM use and/or auditory training for OEF/OIF veterans with mTBI was examined in a randomized clinical trial of 132 veterans.	Gabrielle Saunders, Portland VAMC/VA
2012-12	Breaking the Cycle IV: Military PTSD (MPTSD) Treatment Study	The study compared the efficacy of Trauma Affect Regulation: Guide for Education and Therapy (TARGET) vs the best validated psychotherapy for adults with PTSD, PE. Male military personnel and veterans suffering with PTSD and problems with anger after returning from military service in Afghanistan (OEF) and/or Iraq (OIF) were participants. The goal was to determine if a present-centered psychotherapy that teaches skills for emotion regulation and does not require retelling of traumatic memories is as efficacious as the trauma memory-focused PE psychotherapy (N = 80).	Julian Ford/ University of Connecticut Health Center
2012-12	Examining the Implementation of Evidence-Based Psychotherapy for Veterans with PTSD	The specific objectives of the study were to 1. Determine the current use of PE and Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) for the treatment of PTSD within the PTSD Clinical Teams (PCTs) in VISN 1. 2. Examine how contextual factors contributed to implementation of PE and CPT in VISN 1. a. Explore VISN 1 PCT providers' view of the evidence supporting the use of PE and CPT (research, clinical experience, patient experience, and local data). b. Explore VISN 1 PCT providers' view of their context (culture, leadership, and evaluation). c. Explore VISN 1 PCT providers' view of the facilitation activities of PE and CPT (purpose, role, and skills/attributes). d. Determine what factors (if any) are unique to the implementation of evidence-based psychotherapies. Attempt to map any newly identified factors onto the existing implementation frameworks and develop measures to account for these characteristics.	Bradley V. Watts, White River Junction VAMC and Regional Office/VA

Page 610 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2012-12	A Comparison of CPT vs PCT for Veterans	In this study, all-male OEF/OIF veterans were screened for their appropriateness for the study by phone screen and then by an assessment technician. The participants were assessed at pre-, post-, 3-month, and 1-year follow-up. The assessment technicians were blind to the participant's condition. CPT is a 12-week long individual psychotherapy treatment shown to be effective at reducing PTSD and related symptoms for survivors of various types of traumas, including combat. PCT is a supportive counseling treatment that has been utilized as an alternative to waitlist control in VA cooperative studies of PTSD (N = 47).	Kathleen Chard, Cincinnati VAMC/VA
2012-12	Amino Acid Supplementation in Recovery From Traumatic Brain Injury	In this study, investigators have shown that even 1 year after injury, plasma valine, an essential amino acid (EAA), was markedly reduced in patients with TBI compared to healthy controls. The investigators speculated that low plasma valine concentration contributes to chronic fatigue after TBI, since valine and tryptophan compete for the same transporter into the brain, and a low plasma valine concentration will allow more tryptophan to be transported. As a consequence, increased brain tryptophan will increase serotonin production, which may significantly contribute to the development of fatigue. Thus, the investigators tested if restoring valine concentration in persons with TBI may reduce fatigue perception and improve physical and neuropsychological function. Further, the investigators have previously shown that EAA intake has an anabolic effect in healthy young and elderly individuals. However, no data are currently available in persons recovering from TBI. Thus, the investigators also tested if EAA and/or valine can improve muscle mass in patients with TBI (N = 45).	Elisabet Borsheim/ University of Texas, Galveston
2012-12	Mental Health Seeking and Help-Seeking of Returning Veterans in Rural Community Colleges	Using a sample from eight public community colleges in Arkansas (N = 1,000, including 500 veterans), researchers fielded a Web-based survey to collect and analyze data to address the following specific aims: (1) estimate the prevalence of depression, PTSD, TBI, substance misuse, and suicidal ideation among the student veteran population and compare it to the broader student population of community colleges; (2) estimate the prevalence of help seeking among the student veteran population and compare it to the broader student population of community colleges; and (3) identify the most salient barriers to help seeking among student veterans. The long term goal of the researchers' agenda is to develop a screening and linkage intervention for OEF/OIF veterans attending these underserved community colleges.	Justin B. Hunt, University of Arkansas Medical School/NIMH

Page 611 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2012-12	Identifying the Needs of OEF/OIF Veterans and Their Families: TBI and Co-Occurring Behavioral Health Issues	The focus of this project was on qualitative data collection to facilitate product development, including assessment and treatment guidelines to improve non-VA community mental health care for OEF/OIF veterans with TBI and co-occurring behavioral health issues within the state of Colorado. In addition to the development of assessment and treatment guidelines, other products developed through this study included a training and accompanying toolkit, which may be used for annual educational training of mental health providers (N = 90).	Lisa Brenner, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System/ VA
Complete	Review of Literature and Best Practices for Promoting Resilience	No additional information found.	Lisa Meredith, RAND Corporation/ DOD
Complete	Evaluation of VHA Mental Health Services	No additional information found.	Katherine Watkins, RAND Corporation/ VA
Complete	Examining the Well-Being of Children of Deployed Military Personnel	No additional information found.	Anita Chandra, RAND Corporation/ National Military
Complete (awaiting DOD approval as of 09/2012)	Needs of Servicemembers and Their Families for Information on Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)	No additional information found.	Family Association Andrew Parker, Lisa Meredith, RAND Corporation/DOD
2013-03	Improving Quality of Care Through Improved Audit and Feedback	This research compares how leaders of high-, low-, and moderately performing VA Medical Centers use clinical performance data from VA's External Peer Review Program as a feedback tool to maintain and improve quality of care. Qualitative, grounded theory analysis of up to 60 interviews with primary care, facility, and VISN leadership of high-, moderate-, and low-performing facilities (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22607640">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22607640">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22607640).	Sylvia J. Hysong, Michael E. DeBakey VAMC
Ongoing Studies
2013-01	Telemedicine Outreach for Post Traumatic Stress in CBOCs	The objective of this proposed effectiveness study is to evaluate a telemedicine intervention to improve PTSD outcomes in CBOCs without onsite psychiatrists. Approximately 400 veterans will be recruited from nine CBOCs in VISN 16 and 22. Veterans screening positive for PTSD and those already in active treatment will be recruited.	John C. Fortney, Central Arkansas VHS Eugene J. Towbin Healthcare Center, Little Rock/ VA

Page 612 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2013-02	The Efficacy of Stellate Ganglion Block as PTSD Therapy: A Pilot Study	This pilot clinical trial is studying the efficacy of a stellate ganglion nerve block in veterans to reduce the symptoms of PTSD in relatively long-standing (Vietnam era) or relatively recently induced PTSD (from deployment in Afghanistan or Iraq as part of OEF, OIF, and OND (N = 12).	Michael T. Alkire, Long Beach VA Healthcare system/Southern California Institute for Research and Education
2013-02	Implementation of Diabetes Performance Measures: Focus on Unintended Consequences	Using a random sample drawn from 25 VAMCs, investigators will conduct telephone interviews from the VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System using both closed-and open-ended questions with 750 African American, Hispanic, and white veterans as well as a small sample of other minority veterans (Asian, Pacific Islander/Native Hawaiian, or American Indian/Native Alaskan). This mixed-methods design allows for the examination of the direct, mediated, and/or moderated associations of race/ethnicity on satisfaction outcomes. The open-ended questions will provide data for a formal qualitative analysis of both reasons for satisfaction and dissatisfaction with VA health care and ways to improve VA care that are culturally sensitive. Finally, random effects modeling of coded qualitative data will be used to formally estimate and test racial/ethnic differences. Because the random effects modeling uses open-ended, qualitative data this statistical analysis allows this study to go beyond reliance on preestablished satisfaction items and instead capture very specific reasons for satisfaction and dissatisfaction with VA health care as described by the veterans themselves.	Laura J. Damschroder, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System/VA
2013-03	Mental Health and Service Utilization Among Reserve and National Guard Forces	The study will document psychopathology, health risk behavior, and mental health service utilization among National Guard and to identify personal factors (e.g., sociodemographic factors, social supports), reserve and National Guard involvement (e.g., length of time in service, unit cohesion, extent of training, rank, separation from family/loved ones), and life circumstances (e.g., integration of regular work circumstances) that are associated with both stage-sequential psychological morbidity and trajectories of psychological morbidity over time among reserve and National Guards when accounting for combat exposures (e.g., international deployment, active-duty combat) and other traumatic event experiences (N = ?).	Sandro Galea, Columbia University Health Sciences/NIMH
2013-03	Telemedicine Outreach for Post Traumatic Stress in CBOCs	The objective of this effectiveness study was to evaluate a telemedicine intervention to improve PTSD outcomes in CBOCs without onsite psychiatrists. Approximately 400 veterans were recruited from nine CBOCs in VISN 16 and 22. Veterans screening positive for PTSD and those already in active treatment were recruited.	John C. Fortney, Central Arkansas VHS Eugene J. Towbin Healthcare Center/VA

Page 613 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2013-03	Access to Care for Veterans with Chronic Lower Limb Wounds	This project will identify a retrospective cohort of VISN 20 veterans with incident lower limb wounds in FY2007. It will then characterize the level of organized wound care present in each VHA VISN 20 facility at the midpoint of FY2007, April 1, 2007 and determine, for this sample their actualized access to care, the complexity and healing trajectory of their wounds, and the time to wound healing (N = ?).	Gregory J. Raugi, VA Puget Sound Health Care System/ VA
2013-03	Neural Correlates of PTSD in Veterans with Blast-Related Traumatic Brain Injury	The aim of this study is to determine neural biomarkers that can differentiate mTBI, and mTBI with PTSD. In the short run, researchers may be able to develop a more exact model for the neural effects of these disorders in the veteran population (N = ?).	Alan N. Simmons, VA San Diego Healthcare System/ VA
2013-03	Web Intervention for OEF/OIF Veterans with Mental Health Problems	The primary purpose of this study was to (1) develop an innovative, Web-based intervention for OIF/OEF veterans that addresses mental health, barriers-to-care, and treatment participation issues to facilitate healthy recovery; (2) develop video illustrations to facilitate learning of educational material; (3) develop thorough evaluation mechanisms to assess knowledge change relevant to common symptoms, healthy coping strategies, and access-to-care issues; (4) conduct a series of focus groups to guide development and refinement of intervention content; and (5) preliminarily evaluate the intervention using thematic semistructured interviews with a small sample of OIF/OEF veterans recruited via mental health specialty clinics within the Ralph H. Johnson VAMC and affiliated CBOCs.	Kenneth J. Ruggiero, Ralph H. Johnson VAMC/VA
2013-03	Examining Telehealth Applications for Evaluation of Mild TBI	The long-term goal of the study is to improve the quality of life of veterans who have mTBI and other related conditions by developing a service-directed proposal to facilitate implementation of telehealth strategies to perform comprehensive TBI evaluations (CTEs). The specific aims are to (1) characterize approaches to using telehealth to provide CTEs; (2) examine the association between patient characteristics and use of telehealth to perform the CTE and outcomes associated with telehealth; (3) convene an expert panel and develop recommendations to facilitate the implementation of telehealth strategies to provide comprehensive TBI evaluations; and (4) conduct a preliminary cost analyses of the intervention to provide the foundation for the cost analyses for future larger interventions (N = ?).	Bridget M. Smith, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital/VA
2013-03	Exploring Deployment Stress and Reintegration in Army National Guard Chaplains	The purpose of this 2-year pilot study is to explore the impact of deployment on the psychosocial and health characteristics and reintegration of military chaplains, specifically those of the Army National Guard. This pilot will serve as the foundation for subsequent investigations of chaplains from multiple branches of the military (N = 266).	Karen Besterman-Dahan, BS, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital/VA

Page 614 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2013-03	Veterans' Experiences Using Secure Messaging on My HealtheVet	The primary aim of this project is to describe veterans' experiences when using the secure messaging (SM) feature on My HealtheVet. Objective 1: Describe veterans' beliefs, attitudes, and perceptions toward using SM. Objective 2: Describe the user patterns and trends of Veterans when using SM. Objective 3 : Identify the barriers to and facilitators for using SM. Objective 4: Identify strategies for overcoming barriers to using the SM feature on My HealtheVet Regarding the research design, this mixed-methods descriptive study will utilize in-person qualitative interviews, usability testing of the SM feature on MHV; SM secondary data analysis, and 3-month follow-up interviews. Purposive sampling will be used to identify a sample of 30-40 veterans who have been personally authenticated for the SM feature on MHV. Quantitative data will be summarized with descriptive statistics to describe sample characteristics. Researchers will examine frequency counts and proportions to provide a descriptive picture of the usability. Using Morae software, a usability analysis will be conducted to analyze and interpret the patterns and trends of veteran testing data.	Jolie N. Haun, James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL/VA
2013-03	PE-Web: Online Training for VA Providers in Prolonged Exposure for PTSD	The objectives of this study are to (1) develop PE-Web, a Web-based VA provider-training protocol in PE, (2) conduct a RCT to examine the utility of PE-Web as a VA provider-training resource, (3) examine fidelity to and knowledge of PE in relation to provider variables (e.g., theoretical orientation, demographics, etc.), and (4) obtain data on website usability, satisfaction levels, and Web-usage patterns (e.g., time to completion of PE-Web, viewing frequency for each video, etc.) for purposes of guiding improvements to the PE-Web protocol. Researchers will use randomized controlled trials methodology to examine the utility of PE-Web as a refresher course for VA providers who had previously attended a 4-day workshop as part of the PE dissemination initiative, a national effort funded by the Office of Mental Health Services in VHA Central Office. Researchers will recruit 100 providers from a national list of VA providers participating in initiative. After completing a baseline assessment, participants will be randomized to one of two conditions: PE-Web refresher training or no refresher.	Kenneth J. Ruggiero, Jr., Ralph H. Johnson VAMC/VA
2013-04	Working with Veterans Organizations to Encourage Use of My HealtheVet	Abstract is under review as of September 14, 2012.	Jeffrey C. Whittle, Clement J. Zablocki VAMC/VA
2013-05	Cognitive Rehabilitation of OIF/OEF Veterans with Cognitive Disorder	In this study, 280 OEF/OIF veterans with cognitive disorder resulting from mTBI will be randomly assigned to either the cognitive strategy training group or the usual care group to evaluate its efficacy.	Daniel M. Storzbach, (Portland VAMC)/VA

Page 615 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2013-05	Interventions Online to Facilitate Post-War Access of Reserve and National Guard Servicewomen	Abstract is under review as of September 14, 2012.	Anne G. Sadler, Iowa City VA Health Care System/ VA
2013-05	Access to Care for Veterans with Chronic Lower Limb Wounds	The goals of this study were to (1) identify and characterize an urban and a rural cohort of VISN20 veterans with at least one complex chronic lower limb wound in FY2007 and (2) determine whether rural and urban veterans with chronic lower limb wounds were equally likely to receive evidence-based good wound care, organized wound care, and coordinated wound care. Researchers also planned to compare clinical outcomes, including time to healing and amputation, across groups. A cohort of unique veterans with chronic lower limb wounds at each primary care site in VISN20 was identified.	Gregory J. Raugi, VA Puget Sound Health Care System Seattle Division/VA
2013-05	Internet-Based Smoking Cessation for OEF/OIF Veterans	The objectives of this study are to (1) evaluate the impact of an Internet-based smoking cessation intervention on rates of abstinence from cigarettes (self-reported 7-day point prevalent abstinence) at 3-month and 12-month posttreatment follow-ups; (2) evaluate the impact of an Internet-based smoking cessation intervention on reach of smoking cessation treatment; (3) evaluate the relative cost-effectiveness of the standard specialty care intervention to the Web-based intervention. Proposed is a two-group design in which 410 smokers will be randomized to receive one of the following: (1) VA Specialty Smoking Cessation Treatment control, which includes all the elements associated with enrollment in a VA specialty smoking cessation clinic including group counseling, individual telephone counseling, self-help materials, and smoking cessation aids including choice of pharmacotherapy; or (2) Internet-based counseling intervention that includes membership to a Web-based smoking cessation treatment program, QuitNet, and access to nicotine replacement.	Patrick S. Calhoun, Durham VAMC/VA
2013-05	Telerehabilitation for OIF/OEF Returnees with Combat-Related Traumatic Brain Injury	In this study, benefits and limitations of Internet-based rehabilitation (i.e., telerehabilitation) will be evaluated in 85 veterans with TBI.	Kris Siddharthan, HSR&D/RR&D Center of Excellence/VA
2013-06	PTSD Hyperarousal Symptoms Treated with Physiological Stress Management	In this study, 50 volunteers with at least moderate hyperarousal will be randomized to treatment consisting of five sessions of individual physiological relaxation training with electromyographic feedback and with capnographic feedback over a 4-week period or to a 2-month waiting period after which they also may receive this therapy. The waiting-list group and a nonanxious control group will be tested psychophysiologically twice at the same interval as the patients before and immediately after treatment.	Walton Roth, VA Palo Alto Health Care System/VA

Page 616 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2013-06	Spouse READI (Resilience Education And Deployment Information) Post Deployment Telephone Support Groups	This 12-month study is for spouses or significant others of service members who have returned from Afghanistan or Iraq. This study will determine if participating in a telephone discussion group offering education, skills building, and support will help increase postdeployment adjustment. There will be 225 spouses recruited for this study. Each telephone discussion group will meet 12 times during 6 months. The 1-hour calls will be semistructured conference calls with education, training in coping skills and cognitive restructuring, and support.	Linda O. Nichols and Jennifer L. Martindale-Adams, Memphis VAMC and University of Tennessee Health Science Center/VA
2013-06	Urogenital Symptoms, Depression and PTSD in OEF/OIF Women Veterans	Objectives of this study are to (1) define the prevalence and 1-year incidence and remission rates of urogenital symptoms, especially urge urinary incontinence and urinary frequency, in a representative population of OEF/OIF women veterans; and (2) identify the impact of depression and PTSD symptoms, a history of sexual assault, and deployment-related factors on the prevalence and 1-year incidence of urogenital symptoms, especially urge urinary incontinence and urinary frequency (N = 2,127).	Catherine S. Bradley, MD, MSCE, VA Medical Center, Iowa City
2013-06	CBT for Nightmares in OEF/OIF Veterans	In this study, 160 OIF/OEF veterans with insomnia will be randomized to one of two talk therapies with the intent to reduce posttraumatic nightmare frequency and distress.	Richard Ross, Philadelphia VAMC/VA
2013-06	Complicated Family Reintegration in OEF-OIF Veterans	The purpose of this study is to understand better how war-related psychiatric symptoms of OEF/OIF veterans may interfere with family reintegration and family functioning. This study will test whether difficulties with family reintegration account for the impact of psychiatric symptoms on overall family functioning over time. The quantitative aspect of the study will be a nontreatment two-wave (baseline and 12-month follow-up) clinical assessments of military veterans (target n = 220 with complete data) and their family members recruited within 2 years of their return from OEF/OIF deployments.	Steven L. Sayers, VA Medical Center, Philadelphia/HSR&D
2013-06	Functional Outcomes in OEF/OIF Veterans with PTSD and Alcohol Misuse	This longitudinal study aims to better understand the functioning of returning OEF/OIF veterans over time and to identify potentially malleable resilience factors associated with higher levels of functioning. A total of 300 returning OEF/OIF veterans will be followed for a 1-year period. Veterans will complete a baseline assessment, followed by three follow-up assessments (two self-report assessments mailed at 4 and 8 months post-baseline and a 1-year in-person follow-up assessment that repeats many of the baseline clinician-administered assessments). Multiple functional outcomes will be evaluated, including occupational, family, social, and physical functioning.	Sandra Morissette, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System-Waco/VA
2013-06	Internet-Based Smoking Cessation for OEF/OIF Veterans	In this study, 410 OEF/OIF veteran smokers will be randomized to receive either an Internet-based smoking cessation intervention and nicotine replacement therapy or referral to receive usual VA care.	Patrick Shields Calhoun, Durham VAMC/VA

Page 617 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2013-06	Characteristics and Treatment Preferences of Women Veterans with Insomnia	Abstract is under review as of September 14, 2012.	Jennifer Martin, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System/VA
2013-07	Intensive Treatment of Chronic Pain and PTSD for OEF/OIF Veterans	The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of an intensive integrated treatment for OEF/OIF veterans with comorbid chronic pain and PTSD. A secondary objective is to examine potential mechanisms of action that might account for improvements in pain or PTSD. Third, exploratory analyses will be conducted to assess the relationship between participation in treatment and cognitive functioning (N = 102).	John Otis, VA Boston Health Care System, Jamaica Plain/VA
2013-07	Evaluation of the Veterans In-home Program for Veterans with TBI and Families	The study will enroll 100 veterans with war-related TBI and a designated family member or partner. Veterans will be outpatients of the polytrauma service of the PVAMC. The VIP will be tested using a randomized two-group wait-list design in which participants are assigned to either the 3-month intervention or a usual care control condition. All are evaluated at baseline and 3 months (T2). Primary aims are to (1) establish acceptability and preliminary effectiveness for the impact of the intervention on functioning and community integration in TBI patients at 3 months and (2) evaluate VIP's acceptance by veterans using both project evaluations and focus group discussion. Secondary aims are to (1) establish VIP's acceptability and preliminary effectiveness on caregiver burden and mood and (2) assess its acceptability to family members using project evaluations and focus groups discussions.	Laraine Winter, Philadelphia Research and Education Foundation/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
2013-08	Initial Randomized Controlled Trial of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Distress and Impairment in OEF/OIF Veterans	The study is a randomized, controlled trial of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy as compared to control psychotherapy, present-centered therapy, for individuals with distress and impairment who deployed as part of OEF/OIF (N = 158).	Ariel J. Lang, PhD, University California, San Diego/Veterans Medical Research Foundation
2013-08	Military to Civilian: RCT of Intervention to Promote an Postdeployment Reintegration	In this study, 1,152 OIF/OEF veterans are randomized to one of the following three intervention groups: (1) Internet-based expressive writing, (2) Internet-based control writing, and (3) no writing/TAU. Self-report measures of psychological symptoms, psychosocial functioning, and life satisfaction at measured at baseline, 3 months, and 9 months.	Nina A. Sayer (Minneapolis VAMC)/DOD

Page 618 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2013-08	Cognitive Processing Therapy for Combat-Related PTSD	The first purpose of this study is to compare group-administered Cognitive Processing Therapy-Cognitive-only version (CPT-C), an evidence-based treatment for PTSD, to Present Centered Therapy in order to determine whether the results of CPT exceed those of receiving a therapy that focuses on current problems rather than past trauma in a group format. A second purpose is to conduct a randomized controlled trial to compare group and individual CPT-C for the treatment of PTSD in OIF/OEF military personnel (N = 400).	Patricia A. Resick, National Center for PTSD/VA Boston Healthcare System
2013-08	Examining Alcohol Use After Combat-Acquired Traumatic Brain Injury	The three research aims of this study are to (1) compare the postdeployment drinking behaviors for service members who experienced a TBI to those who did not, (2) examine the relationship between experiencing a TBI and postdeployment drinking-related negative consequences, and (3) examine the possible meditational effect of PTSD on the relationship between having experienced a TBI and the two outcome variables (drinking behaviors and negative postdeployment consequences). To analyze these research aims, this study will use the 2008 Department of Defense Survey of Health Related Behaviors among active-duty military personnel, a worldwide population-based assessment. The survey was self-administered and anonymous with a response rate of 71.6 percent. The proposed study is a quasi-experimental design. The study sample includes a cohort of service members with a recent combat deployment (past year) and at least 6 months postdeployment before completing the survey (over 4,000 respondents), allowing the study to examine postdeployment drinking behaviors and consequences. The study will use multivariate linear and logistic regressions to assess the relationship between experiencing a TBI and (1) drinking behaviors and (2) negative consequences, as well as path analysis to examine whether PTSD mediates the relationship between TBI and drinking behaviors and negative consequences.	Rachel S. Adams, Brandeis University/National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)
2013-09	CSP 566—Neuropsychological and Mental Health Outcomes of OIF: A Longitudinal Cohort Study	Follow up with the U.S. Army soldiers who took part in the Neurocognition Deployment Health Study (NDHS), also called "Prospective Assessment of Neurocognition in Future Gulf-deployed and Gulf-Nondeployed Military Personnel: A Pilot Study." Examine any enduring effects of war on mood and stress symptoms, thinking and reaction skills, and different aspects of day-to-day life (such as work and daily activities). Results from previous participation in the NDHS will be compared to the new information that will be obtained. A subset of 200 participants will also be invited to complete some of the thinking and reaction time tasks that were done as part of previous NDHS participation (N = 817).	West Haven VA Connecticut Healthcare System/VA

Page 619 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2013-09	Linking National Guard Veterans with Need to Mental Health Care: The Buddy to Buddy Program	This study aims are to (1) evaluate the implementation of the B2B (buddy-to-buddy) program to inform ongoing program modifications and facilitate future dissemination efforts, (2) assess whether the B2B program increases mental health and substance use treatment initiation and treatment retention among returning National Guard soldiers, and (3) explore whether the B2B program improves mental health symptoms, deceases hazardous alcohol use, and improves soldier well-being (N = 35,000).	Marcia T. Valenstein, MD, AB, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System/ VA
2013-09	Neural Substrates of Cognitive Control in Traumatic Brain Injury	No additional information found.	VA
2013-09	Prazosin and Combat Trauma PTSD (PACT)	This 26-week randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study is designed to demonstrate both short-term efficacy and long-term effectiveness of prazosin for PTSD (N = ~326).	Murray Raskind, Elaine Peskind, VA Puget Sound Health Care System/VA
2013-09	Developing a Computer-Adapted Test for PTSD	Objectives the study are to (1) create and test a PTSD Computer-Adapted Test (CAT) that will be useful for assessing the presence and severity of PTSD symptoms at a given point in time following traumatic exposure, and longitudinally over time to monitor course and/or outcomes of treatment; (2) develop a static, short-form PTSD assessment instrument composed of the most discriminating and informative items for use in situations where computer administration is not practical; (3) validate both the CAT and short forms using three other widely used paper-and-pencil self-report measures of PTSD severity as well as clinical diagnoses; and (4) assess sensitivity to change over time for both versions of the instrument. Researchers will administer the items to a sample of 1,000 veterans, stratified by age/cohort (Vietnam, OEF/OIF) and gender (N = ~1,100).	Susan V. Eisen, Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial Veterans Hospital, Bedford, MA/VA
2013-09	Engaging Homeless Veterans in Primary Care	In this study, investigators are conducting a multisite prospective randomized controlled trial in which 280 homeless veterans from the Providence and New Bedford areas not currently engaged in primary care will be randomized to receive either a personalized health assessment/brief intervention-based or usual care (social work/housing focused) outreach. Baseline assessments will include demographics, medical, mental health and substance use comorbidities, health seeking behavior, readiness for behavior change, and motivation for health care. Serial assessments at months 1 and 6 will assess evolving readiness and motivation as well as changes in homeless status (sheltering, employment/income, etc.). Actual utilization of services will be assessed using the CPRS electronic medical records.	Thomas P. O'Toole, Providence VAMC/ VA

Page 620 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2013-09	Psychotherapy Treatment of Deployment-Related PTSD in Primary Care Settings	The purpose of this study is to evaluate cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for deployment-related PTSD that can be used by behavioral health consultants working with service members in the primary care clinic. CBT is a well-researched, very effective individual (one-to-one) treatment that is designed to help people to directly deal with traumatic events they have suffered in the past, including combat. Many service members prefer to see behavioral health providers in primary care rather than the mental health clinic. The researchers hope to learn if a brief treatment for PTSD in primary care can be just as useful as more traditional treatment given in the mental health clinic. This study will enroll approximately 45 participants overall; with approximately 30 participants at Wilford Hall Medical Center or BAMC, and 15 participants to be enrolled at the South Texas Veterans Health Care System over a period of 1 year.	Lisa Kearney, Jeffrey Cigrang, Diana Dolan, Laura Avila/University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Brooke Army Medical Center, Wilford Hall Medical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System
2013-09	Behavioral Activation for PTSD, Depression Treatment in OIF/OEF Veterans	In this study, OIF/OEF veterans with PTSD or PTSD and major depressive disorder will be randomized to behavioral activation and usual VA care treatment groups to determine efficacy (N = ?).	Amy W. Wagner, VA Medical Center, Portland/VA
2013-10	Vestibular Consequences of Blast-Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury	Four subject groups of veterans complaining of dizziness/imbalance will be studied to determine the effects of mTBI and blast exposure on the central nervous system and vestibular system.	Faith Wurm Akin (James H. Quillen VAMC)/VA
2013-10	Stepped Enhancement of PTSD Services Using Primary Care (STEPS UP): A Randomized Effectiveness Trial	The overall objective of this study is to test the effectiveness of a systems-level approach to primary care recognition and management of PTSD and depression in the military health system. More specifically, the investigators will test the effectiveness of telephone care management with preference-based stepped PTSD/depression care—STEPS UP—as compared to Optimized Usual Care (N = 1,500).	Charles C. Engel, Walter Reed National Military Medical; Robert M. Bray, RTI International; Lisa Jaycox, RAND Corporation/DOD
2013-11	Information Processing Modification in the Treatment of PTSD	In this study, 96 OEF/OIF veterans with PTSD will be assigned to receive a computer-delivered attention-modification program designed to enhance attention disengagement from threatening stimuli or to a placebo condition.	Nader Amir/San Diego State University
2013-11	The Mission Connect Mild TBI Translational Research Consortium's Integrated Clinical Protocol	In this study, 200 mTBI subjects randomized to the treatment arm of the phase II drug trial of atorvastatin 7 days postinjury vs placebo. A Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire will be administered at 3 months after injury.	Claudia S. Robertson/Baylor College of Medicine

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Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2013-12	Neuropsychological Screening of OEF/OIF Veterans in VA Primary Care	The goal of this study is to investigate the extent to which the VA TBI screening process may fail to detect or accurately identify the source of cognitive dysfunction and other postconcussive symptoms, limiting VA clinicians' ability to optimally communicate, triage, and provide targeted services for OEF/OIF veterans.	Karen Seal, San Francisco VAMC/VA
2013-12	Prolonged Exposure for PTSD Among OIF/OEF Personnel: Massed vs Spaced Trials	In this study, 210 OEF/OIF personnel will be randomly assigned to receive a 10-session PE therapy over 2 weeks or 10 sessions over 8 weeks.	Edna B. Foa/University of Pennsylvania
2013-12	Telephone Cognitive Behavior Therapy for OEF Veterans with Pain	This primary aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of telephone Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) in the management of chronic pain with OEF veterans enrolled in VA primary care clinics. The secondary aim of the study is to determine moderator and mediating factors by which telephone CBT facilitates pain management and successful adjustment of OEF/OIF veterans to chronic pain (N = 150)	Timothy Carmody, PhD, VAMC, San Francisco/VA
2013-12	The Effect of Goal Management Training with Mild TBI Veterans	This study will test the effect of Goal Management Training (10-week group therapy that teaches strategies to improve individual's ability to complete everyday tasks) on 12 OEF/OIF veterans with mTBI. Measures will be reported after each session and at 1-month follow-up.	Julia Waid-Ebbs, North Florida/South Georgia VHS/VA
2014-03	Innovative Service Delivery for Secondary Prevention of PTSD in At-Risk OIF-OEF Service Men and Women	This study has two primary objectives: (1) to develop, implement, and evaluate a treatment program (Behavioral Activation and Therapeutic Exposure, BATE) for OIF and OEF veterans with PTSD symptoms and (2) to determine whether or not this program delivered via telepsychology will be as effective as in-person treatment. Secondary objectives include determining (a) which treatment modality is more effective in terms of process variables (e.g., treatment satisfaction, session attendance), (b) which treatment modality is more cost-effective, and (c) whether treatment effects differ across race and gender. Study participants will be randomized to two treatment conditions, BATE will be delivered via telepsychology (BATE-T) and in-person (BATE-IP) (N = 200).	Ronald Acierno, Ralph H. Johnson VAMC; Thomas Uhde, Medical University of South Carolina/DOD

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Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2014-03	Treatment Strategy for Alcohol Use Disorders in Veterans with TBI	The objectives of this study are to determine (1) whether the presence of prefrontal brain damage will be associated with poorer response to the Intensive Outpatient Treatment (IOP), (2) if valproate is more effective than naltrexone to treat alcohol use disorder (AUD) in this group of patients with severe psychiatric comorbidity and TBI exposure, and (3) if completion of the IOP will be associated with good psychosocial outcomes at 6 months follow-up. This is a double-blind active-controlled randomized clinical trial. Patients will be evaluated at baseline, followed weekly for 12 weeks, and evaluated at 6 months. The study's primary outcome variable will be time to relapse to heavy drinking. Secondary outcome measures will include proportion of heavy drinking days, severity of PTSD symptoms measured by the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale, severity of depressive symptoms measured by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and psychosocial outcome measured by the Community Integration Questionnaire (N = ?).	Ricardo E. Jorge, Iowa City VAMC/VA
2014-03	A Structured Communication Tool to Improve OEF/OIF Veteran Care	The specific aims for this proposed 2-year pilot are to (1) modify an existing computerized structured communication tool called DIALOG to reflect the mental health treatment needs of OEF/OIF veterans and enhance implementation procedures based on principles and strategies of cognitive-behavioral therapy; and (2) complete a randomized pilot for 32 OEF/OIF veterans and their mental providers to generate preliminary data supporting the study's hypotheses that use of the modified and enhanced DIALOG tool will (a) improve mental health treatment engagement as defined by increased likelihood of attending a subsequent mental health appointment following index use of the tool and (b) result in a decrease in veteran reported unmet needs, more positive ratings of treatment satisfaction, and improved ratings of quality of life (N = ?).	Richard W. Goldberg, Baltimore VAMC/VA
2014-03	The Influence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder on Perceptions of Injury	The primary aim of this study is to examine whether the impact of PTSD on injury perceptions is different for those with a history of mTBI compared to those whose injuries are non-TBI-related. Using a 2x2 factorial design, the present study seeks to compare injury perceptions among four well-defined groups of veterans: (1) those with mTBI and current symptoms and co-occurring PTSD; (2) those with mTBI and current symptoms and no PTSD; (3) those with non-TBI physical injury and current symptoms and co-occurring PTSD; (4) and those with non-TBI physical injury and current symptoms and no PTSD (N = ?).	Nazanin H. Bahraini, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System/VA

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Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2014-03	Implementing Collaborative Care for Depression Plus PTSD in Primary Care	The objective of this study is to use a collaborative process to implement the Translating Initiatives for Depression into Effective Solutions (TIDES)/PTSD model in two primary care (PC) clinics and further develop methods for implementing veteran-centered care management that would facilitate spread of the VA's national tool kit for integration of mental health services into veteran-centered PC teams. An expert panel will be used to prioritize adaptations based on pilot study findings, as well as identify specific aims for tool production. Local stakeholders will participate in a tailoring process specific to each clinic. Staff at each clinic will be trained in the customized TIDES/PTSD model, and implementation support will occur in regular collaborative sessions. Evaluation questions will address feasibility of implementing the TIDES/PTSD model in PC clinics, contextual factors influencing the implementation, acceptability of this model, and the ability to integrate relevant clinical outcome tools into routine care. The influence on access and processes of care will be assessed, as well as exploring influence on clinical outcomes. Data sources will include clinical data collected in the usual process of care and qualitative interviews with stakeholders (N = ?).	Bradford L. Felker, VA Puget Sound Health Care System/VA
2014-03	Racial/Ethnic Variation in Family Functioning Post-Deployment	For this study, investigators will employ a mixed-methods design. Participants will consist of white, black, and Hispanic OEF/OIF veterans who have returned from deployment for no less than 3 months and their significant others (15 dyads per group). A clinical/demographic data form will be used to collect participants' clinical, demographic, and veterans' service history information. The Family Assessment Device will be used to collect individual family members' perceptions on seven dimensions of family functioning (N = ?).	Ivette M. Freytes, VHA/VA
2014-03	The VA Women's Overall Mental Health Assessment of Needs (WOMAN)	The goal of this project is to build on the Women's Overall Mental Health Assessment of Needs (WOMAN) study by adding an emphasis on gender-sensitive access to mental health care and explore the role of patient activation and engagement in women veterans' access to mental health care. Specifically, the objectives of this project are the following: 1. Assess potential gender-sensitive dimensions of access to mental health services; 2. Validate indicators of gender-sensitive access by examining the associations of the access dimensions to utilization and quality; 3. Examine the associations of patient activation with mental health care utilization, quality, and gender-sensitive access. The WOMAN study is a nationwide telephone survey of approximately 4,000 women veteran VA health care users to determine the prevalence of a wide range of mental health symptoms and conditions among women in VHA and to assess mental health care needs and utilization.	Rachel Kimerling, VA Palo Alto Health Care System/VA

Page 624 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2014-04	Genomic Predictors of Combat Stress Vulnerability and Resilience	The goal of this project is to identify such factors by (1) studying a prospectively assessed, systematically phenotyped population to discover factors that predict development of PTSD and (2) indentifying gene-by-environment interactions. The San Diego Marine Resiliency Study is an ongoing, prospective study of >2,500 U.S. Marines bound for combat deployment to Iraq or Afghanistan, with the goal to identify factors that predict development of PTSD. Each Marine is evaluated predeployment on an array of psychosocial, psychophysiological, and biophysiological phenotypes and then followed by longitudinal assessments postdeployment.	Caroline M. Nievergelt, University of California, San Diego/NIMH
2014-04	Stress and PTSD Among OEF/OIF Soldiers and Their Spouses	The proposed investigation is an initial test of this possible mechanism linking PTSD, marital strain, and risk of cardiovascular disease. Specifically, it will assess the association of PTSD and cardiovascular reactivity (CVR; i.e., increases in heart rate and blood pressure) during potentially stressful marital interactions. Researchers will examine CVR in both veterans (with and without PTSD) and their spouses, as well the recovery of these cardiovascular stress responses following potentially conflictual marital interactions. These relations will be tested via several specific aims. The primary aim of the proposed investigation is to evaluate the differential physiological impact of negative marital interactions on OEF and OIF veterans, with and without PTSD, and their spouses.	Catherine M. Caska, University of Utah/NIMH
2014-05	A Brief Intervention to Reduce Suicide Risk in Military Service Members and Veterans—Study 2 (SAFEMIL)	The goal of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the safety planning intervention on suicide ideation, suicide-related coping, and attitudes toward help seeking for hospitalized military personnel at high suicide risk. The investigators will randomize 186 patients to one of two conditions: Safety Planning for Military (SAFE-MIL) or Enhanced Usual Care (E-CARE). The SAFE-MIL condition (intervention) will consist of three targeted suicide prevention components including (a) structured risk assessment; (b) strategies to increase coping with suicidal thoughts and urges in order to reduce suicide risk; and (c) problem solving and motivational enhancement to increase acceptability of mental health treatment and maximize likelihood for postdischarge utilization of health services. The ECare will consist of the usual care patients receive at an inpatient facility during their hospitalization in addition to assessment services provided by independent evaluators who work directly with our research team. Primary outcomes include suicide ideation, suicide-related coping, and acceptability and initiation of mental health care and substance use treatment in the 30 days after hospital discharge. Patients in both conditions will be assessed on the dependent measures at the time of hospital admission (i.e., baseline), at the time of discharge (Follow-Up Interval 1 [FU-1]), at 1 month (Follow-Up Interval 2 [FU-2]) and at 6 months (Follow-Up Interval 3 [FU-3]).	Marjan Holloway, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine

Page 625 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2014-05	Effectiveness of a Web-Enhanced Parenting Program for Military Families	The goal of this study is to advance research on family-based substance use prevention for reintegrating OEF/OIF personnel by examining whether an Oregon Parent Management Training prevention intervention, enhanced with e-technology and adapted for combat-deployed families' needs, will reduce risk behaviors associated with youth substance use by improving parenting, child, and parent adjustment. The program's feasibility and acceptability will be examined, and subsequently a randomized controlled trial of the 14-week group program and Web enhancement will be conducted with 400 families from the Minnesota Army National Guard. Families with 6-12-year-old children will be followed over 2 years to examine program effects.	Abigail Gewirtz, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities/NIH
2014-05	Prolonged Exposure (PE) for PTSD: Telemedicine vs In Person	In this study, 226 OIF/OEF veterans diagnosed with PTSD will be randomized to examine effectiveness measured in terms of symptoms, patient satisfaction, and costs (baseline, posttreatment, and 3- and 6-month follow-ups) of PE therapy delivered via telemedicine vs PE therapy delivered in person.	Ronald E. Acierno (Ralph H. Johhnson VA MC)/VA
2014-06	Effects of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Conjoint Therapy (MB-CBCT) on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Relationship Function	The purpose of this study is to develop a treatment intervention that combines mindfulness meditation with cognitive behavioral therapy for PTSD to be taught to veterans diagnosed with PTSD and their partners. This study will examine the effects of this integrated intervention on PTSD symptoms and intimate relationship functioning of OEF and OIF veterans.	Louanne Whitman Davis, Richard Roudebush VAMC, Indianapolis VA/VA
2014-06	A Placebo-Controlled Augmentation Trial of Prazosin for PTSD	In this study, 210 OIF/OEF soldiers and veterans with war zone trauma were randomized to prazosin or placebo to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of prazosin augmentation in the treatment of PTSD trauma-related nightmares, sleep disturbance, global function/sense of well-being, and other clinical features and comorbidities of PTSD.	Murray Raskind/ Seattle Institute for Biomedical and Clinical Research
2014-06	First Longitudinal Study of Missed Treatment Opportunities Using DOD and VA Data	This study investigates the substance abuse and psychological outcomes of receiving early identification and linkage to behavioral health care in a cohort of Army members returning from OEF/OIF, merging MHS and VA data to create previously unavailable data sets. The study involves a quasi-experimental design, with longitudinal data files and statistical models of deployment-related factors and military health services on the odds of long-term poor substance abuse outcomes, poor psychological outcomes (e.g., PTSD, depression), thoughts of harmful behavior, and attrition from the Army. These analyses will provide operationally actionable data useful to quality improvement programs in the MHS and VA on urgent issues requiring clinical and policy attention.	Mary Jo Larson, Brandeis University, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)/DOD

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Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2014-06	Integrated CBT for Co-Occurring PTSD and Substance Use Disorders	The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and practicality, feasibility, and efficacy of Integrated CBT (ICBT) for co-occurring PTSD and substance use disorders within the OEF/OIF/OND veterans population, as delivered by routine clinicians at the VA. The efficacy of ICBT will be tested among 64 veterans who screen positive for both disorders and are randomly assigned to either ICBT or standard treatment.	Mark McGovern, Darthmouth College; NIDA
2014-06	Psychological Stress and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)	In this study, a database of more than 200,000 veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan will be used to compare CVD incident rates in those with and without PTSD. In addition, (1) a pilot prospective study will be conducted to examine established and novel CVD risk factors in a group of older veterans and civilians without known CVD and (2) an ancillary study of 820 men and women with known CVD will be conducted to determine what mechanisms link PTSD and recurrent CVD events.	Beth Cohen, University of California, San Francisco/NHLBI
2014-06	Veteran Interactions with VA Primary Care Prior to Suicide	The proposed study directly responds to the HSR&D mental health priority to improve identification and treatment of suicidality by aiming to identify what opportunities may exist in VA primary care settings to intervene with veterans at high risk for suicide. This retrospective descriptive and case-control study will link National Violent Death Reporting System Data from 10 states with VA administrative data to identify veterans who completed suicide from 2005 to 2009 who received VA primary care in the year prior to death. Researchers will review medical records, describe the primary care received by veteran suicide decedents, and identify potential gaps in identifying and addressing suicide risk.	Steven K. Dobscha, Portland VAMC/VA

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Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2014-07	Use and Abuse of Prescription Opioids Among OEF/OIF Veterans	This study has two aims. Aim 1 is to use univariate statistics to characterize clinical and demographic characteristics of four groups of veterans in VA care: (1) opioid users, (2) chronic users, (3) chronic opioid users with pharmacy profiles suggestive of opioid misuse, which is termed "possible opioid misuse" here, and (4) individuals with diagnosed substance abuse/dependence. Aim 2 is to use event history analysis and multilevel models to assess geographic variation and identify patient (sociodemographic and clinical) and treatment (clinical settings) factors associated with (1) chronic use, (2) possible use, (3) discontinuation of chronic opioid use among veterans with chronic opioid use, and (4) OUD diagnosis in veterans with possible opioid misuse and in veterans with chronic opioid use. Aim 3 is to use trend analyses to investigate rates of chronic use, possible misuse, discontinuation of chronic opioid use, and diagnosed OUDs in the 3 years prior to the release of the pain directive and guidelines (FY2008-FY2010) with rates in the first full 3 years after the release of the directive and guidelines (FY2011-FY2013). Researchers will utilize secondary data analysis of 6 years of VA administrative data (FY2008-FY2013), with separate analyses for OEF/OIF veterans and all veterans.	Teresa Jo Hudson, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences/NIDA
2014-07	Novel Treatment of Emotional Dysfunction in PTSD	The objective of this study is to determine if adding repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation prior to Cognitive Processing Therapy significantly alters measures of arousal in individuals with combat related PTSD and improves clinical outcome. The investigators have assembled a multimodal human performance laboratory including 64-channel EEG and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation system. These resources combined with the neuroimaging capabilities of the Advanced Imaging Research Center at University of Texas Southwestern and skilled Cognitive Processing Therapy practitioners will be used in this study. The study involves 16 visits over the course of roughly 16 weeks with a 6-month follow-up assessment via telephone (N = 100).	John Hart, Jr., University of Texas, Dallas/DOD, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
2014-07	Integrated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Co-Occurring PTSD and Substance Use Disorders	The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and practicality, feasibility, and efficacy of ICBT for co-occurring PTSD and substance use disorders within the OEF/OIF/OND veterans population, as delivered by routine clinicians at the VA. ICBT is a non-exposure-based, manual-guided individual or group therapy. Primary Outcome Measures are decrease from baseline in clinician-administered PTSD Scale score (PTSD symptom severity) at 3 months and at 6 months (N = 80).	Mark P. McGovern, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center

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Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2014-07	Enhancing Exposure Therapy for PTSD: Virtual Reality and Imaginal Exposure with a Cognitive Enhancer	The purpose of this study is to test the differences between four active treatment conditions for combat-related PTSD: virtual reality exposure therapy or prolonged imaginal exposure therapy (PE), both with D-cycloserine or placebo, as well as to examine predictors for PTSD and response to treatment in active-duty military personnel, veterans, and civilians who served in Iraq and Afghanistan (N = 300).	JoAnn Difede, Weill Medical College of Cornell University; Barbara Rothbaum, ABPP Emory University; Skip Rizzo, University of Southern California/Weill Medical College of Cornell University
2014-08	Web-Based CBT for Substance Misusing and PTSD Symptomatic OEF/OIF Veterans	This study has two aims. Aim 1 is to develop an interactive, Web-based psychosocial treatment for OEF/OIF veterans with hazardous or problematic substance use and PTSD symptoms. Aim 2 is to evaluate the efficacy of the Web-based intervention with OEF/OIF veterans with hazardous or problematic substance use and PTSD symptoms. Researchers plan to conduct a controlled trial in two primary care VA treatment centers. Participants will be randomized to two groups: (1) TAU, reflecting the model of treatment provided to most OEF/OIF veterans (n = 81) or (2) TAU plus the Web-based CBT intervention (n = 81). Primary outcomes will be (1) number of heavy drinking days and/or number of days of illicit or nonprescribed drug use in the past 30 days; (2) quality of life; and (c) PTSD symptoms. Aim 3 is to evaluate the cost and cost-effectiveness of the Web-based intervention plus TAU relative to TAU alone.	Andrew Bruce Rosenblum, National Development and Research Institutes/NIAAA
2014-08	Phase IV Study of Cognitive Rehabilitation Effectiveness for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury	This is a prospective, randomized, control treatment trial of cognitive rehabilitation for OEF/OIF service members with a history of mTBI and persistent (3-24 months post-injury) cognitive complaints. Subjects will be recruited from consecutive patient referrals to the TBI Service at SAMMC-North. Patients who meet eligibility criteria and consent to participate in the treatment trial will be randomly assigned to one of four 6-week treatment arms of the study. Subjects will be evaluated prior to the start of treatment and at 3, 6, 12, and 18 weeks following the initiation of the study. The total number of patients to be studied is 160 (maximum), which is approximately 20 patients per month (N = 160).	Douglas B. Cooper/Brooke Army Medical Center
2014-09	Genetic and Environmental Risk/Resilience Factors for PTSD in OEF/OIF Veterans	The purpose of this study is to examine the genetic and environmental determinants of risk and resilience to PTSD in OEF/OIF combat veterans. This is an evaluation only study and participation will last 1 to 2 days (N = ~800).	Bekh Bradley, Emory University/NIMH

Page 629 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2014-09	Neuropsychological and Mental Outcomes of OIF: A Longitudinal Cohort Study	In this study, 817 OEF/OIF veterans will be surveyed by mail/Internet/phone about mood, stress symptoms, etc. Approximately 200 will randomly selected from the larger group to take part in an in-person assessment which involved taking a small subset of neuropsychological tasks.	Jennifer J. Vasterling, VAMC, Jamaica Plains/VA
2014-09	Identifying and Validating Complex Comorbidity Clusters in OEF-OIF Veterans	This project establishes a line of inquiry examining patterns and trajectories of comorbidity, risk factors, and patient outcomes in OEF/OIF VA patients using a team comprised of VA, Army, Air Force, and Navy investigators. Identification of comorbidity clusters and their trajectories will provide insight for clinicians and policy makers to project future population characteristics and resource needs and determine how VA health care resources should be organized and delivered for this cohort of veterans. Examination of the relationship between coping patterns, social support, and comorbidity trajectories may provide the opportunity to develop interventions aimed at improving coping, social integration, and support. In both cases, such interventions offer the promise of utilizing health promotion to augment clinical care in line with VA goals for patient-centered care.	Mary Jo Pugh, South Texas Health Care System, San Antonio, TX/VA
2014-09	Neuropsychological Screening of OEF/OIF Veterans in VA Primary Care	The long-term goal of this study is to promote early accurate detection and appropriate triage for postconcussive symptoms in OEF/OIF veterans to prevent long-term disability. The short-term goal of this proposal is to investigate the extent to which the VA TBI screening process may fail to detect or accurately identify the source of cognitive dysfunction and other postconcussive symptoms, limiting VA clinicians' ability to optimally communicate, triage, and provide targeted services for OEF/OIF veterans. Researchers will assess the feasibility of conducting integrated primary care-based screening for a history of mTBI, postconcussive symptoms using the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory and objective cognitive dysfunction using the brief, computer-administered Automated Neurocognitive Assessment MetricsTM in conjunction with postdeployment mental health screening (N = ?).	Karen H. Seal, Veterans Affairs Medical Center San Francisco/VA

Page 630 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2014-09	RE-INSPIRE: Rich-Context Evaluation of INSPIRE	RE-INSPIRE is a prospective, longitudinal, and mixed-methods study of context embedded within an existing randomized-controlled trial. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research serves as the study's conceptual framework. This study will collect context-related data through annual site visits at all 12 VA facilities, semistructured phone interviews, and ongoing document/artifact capture. In addition, seven standardized measures will be administered to assess contextual factors at the level of individual, team, clinical microsystem, and facility: the Team Development Measure, the Competing Values Framework Measure, the Utrecht-9 Work Engagement Survey, the Baldridge Series Measures on Organizational Commitment to Quality Improvement, the Local Management Support Survey, the Clinical Microsystem Assessment Tool, and the Change Orientation Measure.	Edward J. Miech, Richard L. Roudebush VAMC/VA
2014-10	Psychophysiology of Prolonged Exposure for PTSD With/Without Yohimbine	In this study, 60 OEF/OIEF veterans with PTSD were randomized to receive yohimbine 1 hour before first imaginal exposure in PE therapy vs placebo. Physiological responses and self report of PTSD-symptom improvement will be measured at 0 weeks, 15 weeks, and 27 weeks.	Peter W. Tuerk (Ralph H. Johhnson VAMC)/VA
2014-10	Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Satisfaction with VA Care	Using a random sample drawn from 25 VAMCs, researchers will conduct telephone interviews from the VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System using both closed-and open-ended questions with 750 African American, Hispanic, and white veterans as well as a small sample of other minority veterans (Asian, Pacific Islander/Native Hawaiian, or American Indian/Native Alaskan). This mixed-methods design allows for the examination of the direct, mediated, and/or moderated associations of race/ethnicity on satisfaction outcomes.	Susan L. Zickmund, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System/VA
2014-11	Mindful Yoga Therapy as an Adjunctive Treatment for PTSD Among OEF/OIF Veterans: A Pilot Study	The primary objective of this study was to establish the safety and acceptability of Mindful Yoga Therapy as an adjunctive treatment for PTSD among OEF/OIF/OND veterans. The study also sought to establish preliminary efficacy of Mindful Yoga Therapy for reduction of symptoms of PTSD and explore heart rate variability as a mechanism of therapeutic action (N = 30).	Rani Desai, Connecticut Healthcare System/VA
2014-11	Comparing Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy to Prolonged Exposure in the Treatment of Soldiers with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)	This study is evaluating the efficacy of virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) by comparing it to PE therapy and a waitlist group for the treatment of PTSD in active-duty soldiers with combat-related trauma. The investigators will test the general hypothesis that 10 sessions of VRET or PE will successfully treat PTSD, therapeutically affect levels of physiological arousal, and significantly reduce perceptions of stigma toward seeking behavioral health services (N = 538).	Gregory A. Gahm, Defense Centers of Excellence; Greg Reger, Defense Centers of Excellence/National Center for Telehealth and Technology, The Geneva Foundation

Page 631 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2014-12	PTSD, TBI, and Neuropsychological Factors in Partner Violence Among Veterans	The primary objective of this study is to test the hypotheses that (1) TBI and executive functioning deficits will be positively and uniquely associated with higher physical and psychological intimate partner violence (IPV) severity and (2) TBI and executive functioning deficits will moderate the impacts of PTSD symptoms and cognitive deficits/biases on the IPV outcomes. Participants will be 150 male OEF/OIF veterans over the age of 18 who have been married or cohabitating with a partner for at least 1 year.	Casey T. Taft, VA Boston Health Care System/VA
2015-01 (suspended)	Adjunctive Pregnenolone in PTSD and Depression in OEF/OIF Veterans	This study is an 8-week randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of pregnenolone administered adjunctively to TAU in 80 OIF/OEF veterans with PTSD and depression.	Victoria M. Payne/ VA
2015-01	Eye-Movement Recordings in the Diagnosis of Traumatic Brain Injury	This study examines the use of eye movement recordings to provide a reliable diagnostic of previously undiagnosed mTBI in OIF/OEF veterans (N = ~50).	Jonathan Jacobs, Cleveland VAMC/VA
2015-01	TBI and PTSD Comorbidity in OIF/OEF Veterans: Prevalence and Predictors	No additional information found.	Kathleen Carlson, Oregon Clinical an Translational Research Institute/VA
2015-04	Integrated Treatment of Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom Veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Use Disorders	The intervention, called "Concurrent Treatment with Prolonged Exposure" (COPE), represents a novel treatment that integrates cognitive-behavioral therapy for SUDs with prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD. In earlier studies with civilians, COPE has demonstrated efficacy in reducing alcohol and drug use severity, PTSD symptoms, and associated mental health problems (e.g., depression, anxiety). In this hybrid Stage Ib/Stage II study, researchers will (1) use a manualized, well-tolerated behavioral treatment for SUDs and PTSD (COPE); (2) employ a two-arm randomized between-groups experimental design (COPE versus a modified TAU; and (3) examine standardized, repeated dependent measures of clinical outcomes and process variables at five time points (pre-, mid-, and posttreatment and 3- and 6-month follow-up) (N = 90).	Sudie E. Back, Medical University of South Carolina/Medical University of South Carolina

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Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2015-04	Neural Correlates of Cognitive Rehabilitation in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder	The longitudinal research design for this project will be a three factor mixed factorial design with between subject factors of PTSD (+PTSD x -PTSD) and cognitive remediation (learning-based cognitive training [LBCT] x nonlearning training [NLT]) and the within subject variable of time tested (pretraining, posttraining, 3-month follow-up). In this study, 40 participants will be enrolled in four groups of 10 each: (1) +PTSD/LBCT, (2) +PTSD/NLT, (3) -PTSD/LBCT, and (4) -PTSD/NLT. All groups will receive 40 hours of computerized training. Outcomes will be measured at baseline (i.e., pretreatment), after an average of 8 weeks of treatment and at 6 months posttreatment. The active treatment is the Posit Science visual cognitive remediation paradigm (i.e., InSight), while the control treatment will utilize games face valid for cognitive training. This study will examine the effects of a standardized cognitive rehabilitation program on neurocognitive functioning and brain functional activation in OEF/OIF veterans with PTSD (N = 40).	Brian Schweinsburg, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, Yale University/VA
2015-05	Integrated Treatment of OEF/OIF Veterans with PTSD and Substance Use Disorders	The proposed study will test the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an integrative behavioral intervention for the treatment of co-occurring SUDs and PTSD modified for use among U.S. military personnel (including National Guard and reservists) who have served in OEF/OIF. The intervention, called "Concurrent Treatment with Prolonged Exposure" (COPE), represents a novel treatment that integrates cognitive-behavioral therapy for SUDs with prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD. In this hybrid Stage Ib/Stage II study, researchers will (1) use a manualized, well-tolerated behavioral treatment for SUDs and PTSD (COPE); (2) employ a two-arm randomized between-groups experimental design (COPE versus a modified TAU; and (3) examine standardized, repeated dependent measures of clinical outcomes and process variables at five time points (pre-, mid-, and post-treatment and 3- and 6-month follow-up).	Sudie E. Back, Medical University of South Carolina/ NIDA

Page 633 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2015-05	Predicting Treatment Response Using Psychophysiologic Reactivity Measures	The specific aims of the study are to (1) evaluate the clinical utility of psychophysiologic reactivity measures to predict overall PTSD symptom response among OEF/OIF/OND veterans receiving treatment for PTSD and (2) evaluate the clinical utility of psychophysiologic reactivity measures to predict psychosocial functioning and health-related quality of life response among OEF/OIF/OND veterans in treatment for PTSD. Develop psychophysiologic, neuropsychological, and/or self-report models to predict PTSD symptom response to pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and combined pharmacotherapy/psychotherapy. Investigators will divide psychophysiologic reactivity predictors into two groups: heart rate variability and attentional bias (eye gaze tracking and modified Stroop). Investigators will collect observational and longitudinal data from a treatment-seeking sample of 50 OEF/OIF/OND veterans with PTSD recruited from the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System Mental Health Clinics (N = 50).	John Spollen, MD, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System/VA
2015-06	Stress-Induced Drinking in OEF/OIF Veterans: The Role of Combat History and PTSD	The proposed clinical laboratory project will use a three-group design. The target OIF/OEF population will have no trauma exposure (control group), combat trauma exposure without PTSD, and combat trauma exposure with PTSD. This project will use a well-established clinical laboratory paradigm of stress induction employed by the group, the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), to investigate the role of a history of exposure to combat trauma on reactivity to the TSST and on stress-induced voluntary drinking. First specific aim examines the effect of combat trauma history on stress reactivity, using subjective, neuroendocrine, and physiological measures of stress. The second specific aim will examine the effect of combat trauma history on subsequent drinking behavior and subjective response to alcohol using established procedures in a clinical laboratory paradigm (N = ?).	Ananda B. Amstadter, Medical University of South Carolina/NIAAA
2015-07	Exposure Therapy for Veterans with PTSD and Panic Attacks	This study is the first systematic investigation of a time-limited, multicomponent cognitive-behavioral treatment for veterans with specific comorbid anxiety problems. The purpose of the first phase of the study is to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the multicomponent cognitive-behavioral treatment in an open trial. The purpose of the second phase of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the multicomponent cognitive-behavioral treatment in comparison to standard PTSD treatment in military personnel returning from active duty (N = ?).	Ellen Teng, Michael E. DeBakey VAMC/ VA

Page 634 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2015-08	Veteran Reintegration, Mental Health and Substance Use in the Inner-City	The specific aims of the project are as follows: • Aim A—Substance use. To understand changes over time in substance use (including illegal drugs, psychotherapeutic drugs without a prescription, alcohol, and tobacco), problem use, treatment experiences, and barriers to treatment among veterans returning from Afghanistan OEF/OIF to the inner city. • Aim B—Mental health disorders. To document the path to mental health problems (especially PTSD, consequences of TBI and depression) among OEF/OIF veterans returning to the inner city, as well as factors that promote or impede resilience and effective use of treatment. • Aim C—Civilian reintegration. To identify successful coping strategies that promote healthy, productive reintegration to civilian life in the inner city, as well as personal problems, unproductive behaviors, and social forces that challenge veterans with regard to family, HIV infection/risk, work, and community life.	Andrew L. Golub, National Development and Research Institutes/NIAAA
2015-08	Central Auditory Processing Deficits Associated with Blast Exposure	This research team has established that recently blast-exposed soldiers show differences from controls on tests of central auditory function. This project will (1) develop a more accurate estimate of the prevalence of central auditory dysfunction among veterans exposed to blasts over the past 10 years, (2) identify the functional outcomes associated with abnormal performance on tests of central processing, and (3) improve understanding of the ways in which blast-exposure resembles and differs from both the normal aging process and non-blast-related TBI in terms of performance on tests of central auditory processing (N = 200).	Frederick Gallun, Portland VAMC, Portland, OR/VA
2015-08	Homeless Solutions in a VA Environment (H-SOLVE)	The objectives of this study are to (1) identify organizational facilitators and barriers to implementation of Housing First in a VA context through qualitative data collection among four VA facilities that are currently adopting this approach, in contrast to four VA facilities that are not adopting Housing First; (2) provide a manual identifying manipulable service elements for VA facilities seeking to implement Housing First programs with the use of presently available housing vouchers; (3) compare homeless vulnerability indicators (homeless chronicity, homelessness immediately preceding referral, health diagnoses, utilization history) among veterans served through more traditional homeless veteran programs at four VA sites, in contrast to veterans served at four VA sites that have implemented a Housing First approach; and (4) assess whether VA-based Housing First programs achieve results that are superior to conventional programs in regard to housing.	Stefan G. Kertesz, VAMC, Birmingham, AL/ VA

Page 635 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2015-09	Integrated vs Sequential Treatment for PTSD and Addiction Among OEF/OIF Veterans	The investigators hypothesize that veterans in the integrated conditions will show greater reductions in substance abuse and PTSD symptom severity at the end of treatment and at 6- and 9-month follow-ups. The investigators further hypothesize that offering veterans PE therapy at the onset of treatment in the integrated condition will leader to greater retention and satisfaction than in the sequential treatment design (N = 200).	David W. Oslin, University of Pennsylvania/VA
2015-09	Improving PTSD Outcomes in OIF/OEF Returnees: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Hydrocortisone Augmentation of Prolonged Exposure Therapy	This study seeks to examine the efficacy of hydrocortisone administration in the augmentation of the therapeutic effects of PE therapy, an empirically tested treatment shown to be effective in the treatment of PTSD. The augmentation builds on both the translation of neuroscience findings demonstrating the effects of glucocorticoids on learning and on empirical clinical findings from other investigators demonstrating beneficial effects of glucocorticoids in reducing traumatic memories in trauma-exposed persons (N = 60).	Rachel Yehuda, James J. Peters VAMC/Mount Sinai School of Medicine
2015-09	Diagnosing mild TBI in VA and Active Duty Military Patients Using MEG and DTI	There are three specific aims in the proposed study. The first aim will investigate the diagnostic value of the integrated magnetoencephalography (MEG)-diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) approach in VA and active duty patients with mTBI by detecting neuronal injuries (locus of the injury as well as affected neuronal networks) not visible with conventional neuroimaging methods (e.g., computed tomography [CT] and MRI). Preliminary data show that pathological MEG slow-waves, reduced MEG functional connectivity, and reduced DTI anisotropy are characteristics of axonal injury due to tissue shearing and stretching in mTBI, with markedly better sensitivity than CT/MRI in diagnosing individual mild TBI patients. The second aim is to study the neurophysiological basis of the cognitive impairments using N-back working memory MEG task in active-duty and VA patients with mTBI. The third aim will study the relationship between post-concussive symptoms, cognitive deficits as measured by neuropsychological exams, and the neuroimaging measurements with MEG and DTI in VA and active-duty patients with mTBI. To achieve these aims, the study proposes to develop new imaging analysis tools: frequency-domain VESTAL for accurately localizing pathological MEG slow-waves; Dual-core Beamformer for reliably obtaining the neuronal networks with reduced functional connectivity using MEG under the condition of poor signal to noise ratio; and a platform for integrating the functional MEG findings in the gray matter with structural DTI findings in the white-matter fiber tracts (N = ?).	Mingxiong Huang, VA San Diego Healthcare System/VA
2015-09	Measuring Quality of Life in Veterans with Deployment-Related PTSD	Abstract is under review as of September 14, 2012.	Stephen Lee Luther, James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL/VA

Page 636 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2015-10	Neural Markers and Rehabilitation of Executive Functioning in Veterans with TBI and PTSD	Although the relationship between combined TBI/PTSD diagnoses and postdeployment adjustment problems has been demonstrated, there has been little research into clinical interventions designed to reduce the severity of cognitive and affective symptoms in veterans with both TBI and PTSD. Therefore, the investigators propose a randomized clinical trial involving a cognitive rehabilitation intervention that targets improved executive functioning, with the participation of n = 100 veterans diagnosed with both TBI and PTSD (n = 50 in experimental group and n = 50 comparison).	Eric B. Elbogen/ University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
2015-10	Brain Training to Enhance Frontal Lobe Reasoning in Soldiers and Civilian Adults with TBI	This study is being done to improve the ability to diagnose and to achieve higher levels of functional recovery in soldiers and civilians who have suffered either mTBIs or moderate-to-severe TBIs at chronic stages of brain recovery (greater than 12 months). This study will examine short-term effects of treatment on cognition and real-life outcomes in soldiers and civilians with TBI. Participants will undergo neuropsychological testing posttraining (10 weeks) as well as 3 months posttraining (N = 100).	Daniel Krawczyk/ The University of Texas, Dallas, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
2015-10	Brain Training to Enhance Frontal Lobe Reasoning in Soldiers with TBI	This study is being done to improve the ability to diagnose and to achieve higher levels of functional recovery in soldiers and civilians who have suffered either mTBIs or moderate-to-severe TBIs at chronic stages of brain recovery (greater than 12 months) (N = ~100).	Daniel Krawczyk/ University of Texas, Dallas
2015-12	Randomized Trial of Sertraline, Prolonged Exposure, and their Combination for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF)	This study aims to compare the effectiveness of two proven treatments for PTSD: PE, sertraline, and their combination. In addition, the investigators are examining predictors of response to these two treatments and how PTSD symptoms, thoughts, and biological factors may be changed by such treatments. In addition, the investigators will examine acceptability of each treatment and reasons for ending treatment. PTSD symptoms as measured by the Clinician Administered Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Scale (N = 441).	Sheila Rauch, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System/ VA

Page 637 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2016-01	Accuracy and Validity of ICD9 Codes for PTSD in Veterans	The purpose of this study was to examine the validity of three algorithms tested against medical chart evidence for two different types of basic research questions (1) which definitions best predict for a diagnosis of PTSD and (2) which definitions best predict for the receipt of medication treatment for PTSD. Investigators will use electronically stored medical record data to examine 600 veterans, 300 with PTSD and 300 without any administrative data evidence for PTSD. Charts will be reviewed specifically to determine whether the treating providers' presented evidence of either the identification of PTSD or treatment for PTSD. Data will be extracted using a structured chart abstraction form and will be done by trained research assistants with formal psychological training. Medical record evidence of the identification of PTSD and/or treatment of PTSD will be gathered and then scored based on a 5-point Likert scale indicating the degree of certainty that PTSD was being actively monitored and/or treated.	Thad Abrams, MD, Iowa City VAMC/ VA
2016-03	Improving PTSD Service Delivery for Veterans with Severe Mental Illness	The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of PE for PTSD plus TAU (PE+TAU) relative to TAU alone using a randomized, between groups, repeated measures design. In this study 156 ethnically/racially diverse male and female veterans with PTSD and SMI will be recruited from the Charleston VA and affiliated CBOCs during the study time frame. Veterans will be randomized 1:1 to one of two conditions: PE+TAU or TAU. The active intervention phase is 12 weeks. Veterans randomized to TAU will receive support services through the VA, potentially inclusive of case management, psychotropic medication management, and/or supportive counseling, and veterans randomized to PE plus TAU will receive 12 weekly sessions of PE in addition to TAU. All participants will be assessed at baseline, 6 weeks, posttreatment, and at 3 and 6 months.	Anouk L. Grubaugh, Ralph H. Johnson VAMC/VA
2017-04	Neuroimaging and Cognitive Correlates of Repetitive Blast-Related mTBI	This study will address some of these gaps in the literature by evaluating the neural underpinnings of persisting cognitive difficulties in veterans with a history of repeated blast-related mTBI. Specifically, preliminary research involving OEF/OIF veterans with a history of blast-related mTBI has found evidence of both reduced working memory on neuropsychological measures and cerebellar abnormalities that are visible on neuroimaging. A large-scale brain system that includes both cortical and cerebellar components is involved in verbal working memory, and this Career Development Award will enable the investigation of the functional and structural integrity of that system. Two complementary neuroimaging methodologies (resting state functional connectivity fMRI and diffusion tensor imaging) will be used to investigate the functional connectivity of the cerebral components of this network with the cerebellar components and the integrity of the white matter tracts that physically mediate this connectivity.	Kathleen Pagulayan, VA Puget Sound Healthcare System

Page 638 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
2020-01 (estimate)	Millennium Cohort Study	This study will evaluate the long-term health effects of military service, including deployments. About 150,000 current participants are expected, with low response rates.	Nancy F. Crum-Cianflone, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA/DOD
Awaiting ARI approval and Army data for sampling (as of 09/2012)	The Soldier's Life Study (Expansion to Deployment Life Study)	No additional information found.	Terry L. Schell, RAND Corporation/ U.S. Army
Data collection and analysis under way (as of 09/2012)	Welcome Back Veterans Performance Monitoring Center	No additional information found.	Terri Tanielian and Laurie Martin, RAND Corporation/ McCormick Foundation
Data collection and analysis under way (as of 09/2012)	Informing the Department of Defense Strategy on Prevention of Suicide by Members of the Armed Forces	No additional information found.	Rajeev Ramchand, RAND Corporation/ DOD
Awaiting IRB approval (as of 09/2012)	Preventing and Managing Prescription Drug Misuse Among Military Personnel	No additional information found.	Rosalie Pacula, RAND Corporation/ DOD
Preparing IRB application (as of 09/2012)	Family Resilience in the Military	No additional information found.	Sarah Meadows, RAND Corporation/ DOD

Page 639 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
Preparing IRB application (as of 09/2012)	Framework for Quality Assessments of Department of Defense Traumatic Brain Injury and Psychological Health Systems of Care	No additional information found	Carrie Farmer, RAND Corporation/DOD
Preparing IRB application (as of 09/2012)	Stigma Reduction Efforts in the Department of Defense	No additional information found	Joie Acosta, RAND Corporation/DOD
Preparing IRB application (as of 09/2012)	Availability and Efficacy of Military-Culture Appropriate Psychological Health Treatment for Geographically Distant Service Members and Their Families	No additional information found	Ryan Brown and Grant Marshall, RAND Corporation/DOD
Preparing IRB application (as of 09/2012)	Sleep in the Military: An Evaluation of Military Programs and Policies	No additional information found	Regina Shih and Wendy Troxel, RAND Corporation/DOD
Phase I Complete; Phases II and III expected early 2013	Review of DOD Suicide Prevention Programs	No additional information found	Rajeev Ramchand, RAND Corporation/DOD
Recruitment under way (as of 09/2012)	Systematic Treatment Engagement for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Using Primary Care (STEP-UP)	No additional information found	Lisa Jaycox, RAND Corporation (in partnership with RTI International, Uniformed Services University, and the Deployment Health Clinical Center/Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program

Page 640 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
Baseline recruitment completed among three services, follow-up waves ongoing (as of 09/2012)	The Deployment Life Study	This study is examining how deployment affects the health and well-being of military families over the course of 3 years. The success of military operations depends not only on the preparation of service members, but also on the preparation of their families—a concept known as family readiness. This study, which is being conducted by the RAND Corporation, will help researchers learn more about the skills and tools that military families need in order to handle the stresses associated with deployments.	Benjamin Karney and Terri Tanielian, RAND Corporation/ DOD
Several reports available on RAND website, several others forthcoming Studies with Missing or Incomplete Information*	Innovative Practices to Support Psychological Health and Well-Being	No additional information found.	Carrie Farmer, RAND Corporation/ DOD
NA (Award Amount: $1,134,157)	Identification of Abuse and Health Consequences for Military and Civilian Women	In this study, a random sample of 2,000 military women screened for intimate partner abuse; 200 cases and 200 controls selected for in-depth interviews and medical record reviews. The civilian comparison sample of 2,000 women enrolled in Kaiser Permanente HMO. Interview data will include a lifetime history of abuse and opinions about domestic violence screening and reporting.	Jacquelyn C. Campbell (Johns Hopkins University)/DOD (CDMRP)
NA (Award Amount: $1,874,879)	Health Status of Military Women in the Total Force	A survey will be mailed to active-duty Army, Air Force, and Guard/reserve personnel in all military branches. Data will be combined with comparable data from a survey of active-duty Navy and Marine Corps personnel under way by the Naval Health Research Center.	Robert M. Bray (Research Triangle Institute)/DOD (CDMRP)

Page 641 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
Unknown	The Wellbeing of Army Personnel in Dual-Military Marriages	The central hypothesis of the proposed research is that individuals in dual-military marriages are exposed to unique stressors and benefits in the work and family domain and that those in dual-military marriages who receive little or no support from either domain will experience both negative health and lower subjective feelings of well-being. The proposed research will utilize interviews and surveys. Since there is little empirical research examining dual-military marriages, a qualitative research design (interviews) (Phase I) will be used to examine potential relationships between variables. Phase II of the study will consist of survey administrations. Questionnaires will be administered to individuals who are currently in dual-military marriages and those who have previously been in a dual-military marriage.	Ann Huffman, Northern Arizona University
Unknown	Identifying Military and Combat-Specific Risk Factors for Child Adjustment: Comparing High and Low Risk Military Families and Civilian Families	This proposal seeks to extend the current investigation of identifying risk and resilience factors in children ages 3-7 of military families with a combat-deployed parent by (1) surveying civilian families so as to identify those risk and resilience factors specific to a military family and (2) surveying military families with a parent deployed in a support/noncombat role so as to identify those risk and resilience factors specific to high-risk deployments. Researchers predict that military families with a high-combat exposure deployed parent will show unique parent and child risk factors in comparison to military families with a low-combat exposure deployed parent and civilian families. Using a similar survey as with this ongoing work with military families, researchers will assess 200 civilian families with children ages 3-7 from the greater Watertown, New York, area. The study will also survey 200 military families from deployed support brigades of Fort Drum, New York.	Julie Wargo-Atkins, University of Connecticut, Storrs
Unknown	Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder In-Home Therapy Clinical Trial Award	This study will evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of a treatment delivery method that could help overcome these barriers to care and make effective PTSD treatment more accessible to underserved military personnel and veterans. It will evaluate one of the leading treatments for PTSD, a form of counseling known as Cognitive Processing Therapy, when delivered in service members' and veterans' homes, either through in-person therapist visits or via the technology of telebehavioral health, as compared to standard, face-to-face treatment in a therapist's office.	Alan Peterson, University of Texas, Health Science Center at San Antonio
Unknown	Using Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) to Promote Stress Resilience in those with Co-Occurring Mild TBI and PTSD	The project utilizes a placebo-controlled, randomized, single-blind design to determine acupressure's efficacy at improving mental health and stress reactivity in veterans with co-occurring mTBI and PTSD. Veterans returning from deployment in Iraq or Afghanistan will be recruited and after informed consults is obtained, each will be screened for study eligibility, including the presence of mTBI and comorbid PTSD (N = ?).	Theresa Hernandez, University of Colorado Boulder/ unknown funding source

Page 642 Cite

Suggested Citation: "Appendix D: Summary of Federally Funded Research Related to OEF and OIF Populations." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan: Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13499.

End Date	Title	Study Population and Methods	Principle Investigator/Sponsor
Unknown	Structural and Functional Neuroimaging Studies of Combat Veterans	Objectives of this study are to evaluate changes in brain function in recent combat veterans that may be related to PTSD or postconcussive syndrome (N = 260).	Eric M. Wassermann, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)/ NINDS
Unknown	A Clinic-Based Intervention to Promote Veteran Enrollment in My HealtheVet	Abstract is under review as of April 20, 2012. Additional information not found.	Steven R. Simon, BS, MD, VA Boston Healthcare System Jamaica Plain Campus, Jamaica Plain, MA
Unknown	Testing and Evaluation of a Predeployment Stress Inoculation Training Program (PreSTINT)	This study proposes to test and evaluate a group-based, combat-relevant, predeployment stress inoculation training (PreSTINT) program designed to help deploying personnel better cope with combat-related stressors and reduce the negative behavioral effects of trauma exposure. The PreSTINT program includes an educational component in which two arousal reduction techniques are presented. During a virtual reality simulated mission, soldiers are trained to control excessive arousal levels while focusing on the mission at hand. Their speed and accuracy in responding to threats as well as their ability to focus and maintain attention are assessed. Two phases of study will test and evaluate the effectiveness of the PreSTINT training program. The effectiveness of the PreSTINT program for arousal and attentional control will undergo testing in year 1, and its ability to reduce postdeployment distress will be examined in years 2 and 3.	Laurel Hourani, RTI/funder unknown
FY 2011 Award Amount: $260,100	Using Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) to Promote Stress Resilience in those with Co-Occurring Mild TBI and PTSD	The proposed project will utilize a placebo-controlled, randomized, single-blind design to determine acupressure's efficacy at improving mental health and stress reactivity in veterans with co-occurring mTBI and PTSD. Veterans returning from deployment in Iraq or Afghanistan will be recruited and after informed consults is obtained, each will be screened for study eligibility, including the presence of mTBI and comorbid PTSD.	Theresa Hernandez, Institution Receiving Award: University of Colorado, Boulder Program: DMRDP