Adaptive Materials and Structures

A Workshop Report

Committee for a Review of Adaptive Structural Materials Research That Could Pose a
Threat to US National Security: A Workshop

Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences

NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL
OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS

Washington, D.C.

www.nap.edu

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NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

This study was supported by Contract HHM402-10-D-0036 between the Defense Intelligence Agency and the National Academy of Sciences. Any views or observations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.

Limited copies of this report are available from the Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, National Research Council, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, DC 20001; (202) 334-2400.

Copyright 2013 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America

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COMMITTEE FOR A REVIEW OF ADAPTIVE STRUCTURAL MATERIALS
RESEARCH THAT COULD POSE A THREAT TO US NATIONAL SECURITY:
A WORKSHOP

SHARON C. GLOTZER, Chair, University of Michigan

KENNETH I. BERNS, University of Florida College of Medicine

MIKHAIL SHAPIRO, University of California, Berkeley

GEORGE W. SUTTON, Consultant

ELIAS TOWE, Carnegie Mellon University

HADYN N. WADLEY, University of Virginia

STEVEN G. WAX, Strategic Analysis, Inc.

Staff

TERRY JAGGERS, Lead DEPS Board Director

DANIEL E.J. TALMAGE, JR., Study Director

SARAH CAPOTE, Research Associate

MARGUERITE SCHNEIDER, Administrative Coordinator

DIONNA ALI, Senior Program Assistant

CHRIS JONES, Financial Associate

Preface

The workshop described in this report reflects the ongoing engagement between the National Research Council’s (NRC’s) Technology Insight—Gauge, Evaluate, and Review (TIGER) Standing Committee, the scientific and technical intelligence (S&TI) community, and the consumers of S&TI products.

I would like to express my appreciation to the members of the committee for their earnest contributions to the generation of this report. We are also grateful for the active participation of many members of the technology community as well as to the sponsor for its support. The committee would also like to express sincere appreciation for the support and assistance of the NRC staff, including Terry Jaggers, Daniel Talmage, Sarah Capote, and Dionna Ali.

Sharon Glotzer, Chair
Committee for a Review of Adaptive
Structural Materials Research That
Could Pose a Threat to US National
Security Interests: A Workshop

Acknowledgment of Reviewers

This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s (NRC’s) Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report:

Michael E. Kassner, Office of Naval Research,
Leslie Ann Momoda, HRL Laboratories, LLC,
Matthew V. Tirrell (NAE), University of Chicago, and
Edward White, Boeing Research and Technology.

Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the views of individual participants, nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Julia Phillips (NAE), Sandia National Laboratories. Appointed by the NRC, she was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.

Contents

1    INTRODUCTION

Introduction and Study Origin

Objectives

Workshop Topics

Report Structure

2    FIRST DAY

Adaptive Soft and Biological Materials

Learning from Nature: Bioinspired Materials and Structures

Adaptive Granular Matter

Active Aero Structures

35 Years of Adaptive Structures

Adaptive Structures Technology for Advanced Aircraft

Magnetic Shape Memory

Multifunction for Performance Tailored Structures

3    SECOND DAY

APPENDIXES

A   Committee Biographies

B   Workshop Agenda and Participants

C   Speaker Biographies

Acronyms and Abbreviations