Review of the Formaldehyde Assessment in the National Toxicology Program 12th Report on Carcinogens
2014

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Many people in the United States are exposed to formaldehyde. Exposure can occur from environmental sources (for example, combustion processes, building materials, and tobacco smoke) or in occupational settings (for example, the furniture, textile, and construction industries). Formaldehyde exposure also has endogenous sources—it is produced intracellularly as a component of the one carbon pool intermediary metabolism pathway. Scientists have studied formaldehyde for decades to determine whether exogenous formaldehyde exposure may be associated with cancer in humans. In 1981, The National Toxicology Program (NTP) first listed formaldehyde in the 2nd Report on Carcinogens as "reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen". In 2011, NTP upgraded the listing of formaldehyde to "known to be a human carcinogen". Following the new listing, Congress directed the Department of Health and Human Services to arrange for the National Academy of Sciences to independently review formaldehyde's substance profile and listing. This report presents the findings and conclusions of the committee formed in response to the congressional request.

Review of the Formaldehyde Assessment in the National Toxicology Program 12th Report on Carcinogens concurs with NTP that there is sufficient evidence in studies that had adequate characterization of relevant exposure metrics to enable a strong conclusion about the association between formaldehyde exposure and cancer in humans. Additionally, the authoring committee independently reviewed the scientific evidence from studies in humans, experimental animals, and other studies relevant to the mechanisms of carcinogenesis and made level-of-evidence conclusions. This report finds clear and convincing epidemiologic evidence of an association between formaldehyde exposure and nasopharyngeal and sinonasal cancers in humans.

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246 pages · 6 x 9 · paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-31227-2
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-31228-0
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17226/18948

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National Research Council. 2014. Review of the Formaldehyde Assessment in the National Toxicology Program 12th Report on Carcinogens. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.

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Front Matter i-xiv
Review of the Formaldehyde Assessment in the National Toxicology Program 12th Report on Carcinogens 1-2
Summary 3-19
1 Introduction 20-32
2 Review of the Formaldehyde Profile in the National Toxicology Program 12th Report on Carcinogens 33-65
3 Independent Assessment of Formaldehyde 66-178
Appendix A: Biographic Information on the Committee to Review the Formaldehyde Assessment in the National Toxicology Program 12th Report on Carcinogens 179-183
Appendix B: Statement of Task of the Committee to Review the Formaldehyde Assessment in the National Toxicology Program 12th Report on Carcinogens 184-184
Appendix C: Exposure Assessment in Epidemiologic Carcinogenicity Studies 185-198
Appendix D: Literature-Search Strategies Completed in Support of the Committee's Independent Assessment of Formaldehyde 199-206
Appendix E: Genotoxicity and Mutagenicity Summary Tables 207-232

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Review of the Formaldehyde Assessment in the National Toxicology Program 12th Report on Carcinogens (2014)

Chapter: Review of the Formaldehyde Assessment in the National Toxicology Program 12th Report on Carcinogens

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Review of the Formaldehyde Assessment in the National Toxicology Program 12th Report on Carcinogens (2014)

Chapter: Review of the Formaldehyde Assessment in the National Toxicology Program 12th Report on Carcinogens