| CGIAR | Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research |
| CICERO | Center for International Climate Research |
| CIW | Coalition of Immokalee Workers |
| CO2 | carbon dioxide |
| dataFIELD | database of Food Impacts on the Environment for Linking to Diets |
| DGA | Dietary Guidelines for Americans |
| DGAC | Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee |
| DGPCG | Dietary Guidelines Planning and Continuity Group |
| DGSAC | Dietary Guidelines Scientific Advisory Committee |
| EBT | electronic benefits transfer |
| EFSA | European Food Safety Authority |
| ENSO | El NiƱo Southern Oscillation |
| EPA | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency |
| eq | equivalent |
| FAO | Food and Agriculture Organization |
| FINI | Food Insecurity Nutrition Incentive |
| FLX | flexitarian diet |
| FPCM | fat- and protein-corrected milk |
| GBD | Global Burden of Disease |
| GDP | gross domestic product |
| GHG | greenhouse gas |
| GMO | genetically modified organism |
| Gt | gigaton |
| HHS | U.S. Department of Health and Human Services |
| HIC | high-income country |
| IFPRI | International Food Policy Research Institute |
| IFT | Institute of Food Technologists |
| IHME | Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation |
| IMPACT | International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural Commodities and Trade |
| IPCC | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
| ISFM | integrated soil fertility management |
| IUCN | International Union for Conservation of Nature |
| kcal | kilocalorie |
| kg | kilogram |
| LCA | life-cycle analysis |
| LEAP | Livestock Environmental Assessment and Performance Partnership |
| LIC | low-income country |
| LMC | lower-middle-income country |
| MDG | Millennium Development Goal |
| N | population |
| NARS | National Agriculture Research System |
| NGO | nongovernmental organization |
| NHANES | National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey |
| NRF | nutrient-rich food |
| NSVC | nutrition-sensitive value chain |
| ODI | Overseas Development Institute |
| PM | particulate matter |
| prd | production |
| PPP | purchasing power parity |
| PSC | pescetarian diet |
| SDG | Sustainable Development Goal |
| SNAP | Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program |
| std | standard |
| TEP | technical expert panel |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| WRI | World Resources Institute |
| UMC | upper-middle-income country |
| UN | United Nations |
| USDA | U.S. Department of Agriculture |
| VEG | vegetarian diet |
| VGN | vegan diet |
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