New Directions for Chemical Engineering (2022)
Chapter: Appendix A: List of Acronyms
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Appendix A
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix A: List of Acronyms." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. New Directions for Chemical Engineering. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/26342.
Appendix A
List of Acronyms
| AA | acrylic acid |
| ACS | American Chemical Society |
| AGORA | assembly of gut organisms through reconstruction and analysis |
| AI | artificial intelligence |
| AIChE | American Institute of Chemical Engineers |
| AM | additive manufacturing |
| API | active pharmaceutical ingredient |
| API | American Petroleum Institute |
| ASEE | American Society for Engineering Education |
| ASSB | all-solid-state batteries |
| AWEA | American Wind Energy Association |
| BAU | business as usual |
| BEV | battery electric vehicle |
| BF | blast furnace |
| BIO | Biotechnology Innovation Organization |
| BIPOC | Black, Indigenous, and People of Color |
| BLS | Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| BTX | benzene, toluene, xylene |
| CAR | chimeric antigen receptor |
| CCUS | carbon capture, use, and storage (or carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration) |
| CFC | chlorofluorocarbon |
| CHO | Chinese hamster ovary |
| CHP | combined heat and power |
| CMS | U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services |
| CNN | convolutional neural network |
| COBRA | constraints-based reconstruction and analysis |
| CPU | central processing unit |
| CRISPR | clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats |
| DAC | direct air capture |
| DBER | discipline-based education research |
| DMF | N,N-dimethylformamide |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| DNN | deep neural networks |
| DOE | U.S. Department of Energy |
Suggested Citation:
"Appendix A: List of Acronyms." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. New Directions for Chemical Engineering. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/26342.
| DRI | direct reduction of iron |
| ECM | extracellular matrix |
| ED | electrodialysis |
| EG | ethylene glycol |
| EMF | Energy Modeling Forum |
| EOR | enhanced oil recovery |
| EPA | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency |
| EV | electric vehicle |
| Fab | fragment antigen-binding |
| FAO | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations |
| Fc | fragment crystallizable |
| FCC | fluid catalytic cracking |
| FCEV | fuel cell electric vehicle |
| FDA | U.S. Food and Drug Administration |
| FDCA | furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid |
| FMT | fecal matter transplant |
| FORTRAN | Formula Translation |
| FOSSI | Future of STEM Scholars Initiative |
| GAN | generative adversarial networks |
| GDP | gross domestic product |
| GE | General Electric |
| GEM | genome-scale metabolic model |
| GGE | gallon gasoline equivalent |
| GHG | greenhouse gas |
| GI | gastrointestinal |
| GM | genetically modified |
| GPU | graphics processing unit |
| HCFC | hydrochlorofluorocarbon |
| HDA | high-density amorphous |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency viruses |
| HMP | Human Microbiome Project |
| HT | high temperature |
| IAM | integrated assessment management |
| IBD | inflammatory bowel disease |
| IC | integrated circuit |
| ICE | internal combustion engine |
| IDM | independent device manufacturer |
| IEA | International Energy Agency |
| ILI | Institute for Learning and Innovation |
Suggested Citation:
"Appendix A: List of Acronyms." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. New Directions for Chemical Engineering. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/26342.
| IoT | Internet of Things |
| IR | infrared |
| ISO | International Standards Organization |
| IUPAC | International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry |
| LAB | linear alkyl benzene |
| LCA | life-cycle assessment |
| LDA | low-density amorphous |
| LNG | liquefied natural gas |
| LPG | liquefied propane gas |
| LPN | liquid nanoparticle |
| mAb | monoclonal antibody |
| MD | molecular dynamics |
| MEA | membrane electrode assembly |
| MEG | monoethylene glycol |
| MF | microfiltration |
| MIT | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| ML | machine learning |
| MPI | multiple principal investigators |
| mRNA | messenger ribonucleic acid |
| MS | mass spectrometry |
| MSW | municipal solid waste |
| MW | molecular weight |
| NAE | National Academy of Engineering |
| NASEM | National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine |
| NET | negative emissions technologies |
| NF | nanofiltration |
| NG | natural gas |
| NGL | natural gas liquids |
| NHL | N-acyl-L-homoserine lactones |
| NIH | National Institutes of Health |
| NMR | nuclear magnetic resonance |
| NN | neural networks |
| NOAA | U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |
| NOM | natural organic matter |
| NRC | National Research Council |
| NREL | National Renewable Energy Laboratory |
| NSF | National Science Foundation |
| OC | organic carbon |
| OCM | oxidative coupling of methane |
| ORNL | Oak Ridge National Laboratory |
Suggested Citation:
"Appendix A: List of Acronyms." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. New Directions for Chemical Engineering. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/26342.
| PAH | polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon |
| PAM | polyacrylamide |
| PBAT | polybutyrate adipate terephthalate |
| PBS | polybutylene succinate |
| PCB | polychlorinated biphenyl |
| PCL | polycaprolactone |
| PCR | polymerase chain reaction |
| PDRC | passive daytime radiative cooling |
| PE | polyethylene |
| PEC | photoelectrochemical cells |
| PEF | polyethylene furanoate |
| PEG | polyethylene glycol |
| PEM | proton exchange membrane |
| PET | polyethylene terephthalate |
| PGMEA | propylene glycol methyl ether acetate |
| PHA | polyhydroxy alkanoate |
| PI | process intensification |
| PLA | polylactic acid |
| PM | particulate matter |
| PMMA | polymethylmethacrylate |
| PNAS | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
| PP | polypropylene |
| PS | polystyrene |
| PSC | perovskite solar cells |
| PTA | purified terephthalic acid |
| PTT | polytrimethylene terephthalate |
| PUR | polyurethane |
| PV | photovoltaic |
| PVC | polyvinyl chloride |
| PVOH | polyvinyl alcohol |
| QSAR | quantitative structure–property relationships |
| QSPR | quantitative structure–activity relationships |
| R&D | research and development |
| RD&D | research, development, and demonstration |
| REU | Research Experience for Undergraduates |
| RNA | ribonucleic acid |
| RNN | recurrent neural network |
| RO | reverse osmosis |
| scFv | single-chain variable fragment |
| SCM | supplementary cementitious materials |
Suggested Citation:
"Appendix A: List of Acronyms." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. New Directions for Chemical Engineering. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/26342.
| SCR | selective catalytic reduction |
| SEM | strategic energy management |
| SFG | sum frequency generation |
| siRNA | small interfering RNA |
| SOEC | solid oxide electrolysis cell |
| SMARTS | SMILES arbitrary target specification |
| SMILES | simplified molecular-input line-entry system |
| SPI | single principal investigator |
| STEM | science, technology, engineering, and math |
| TEA | technoeconomic assessment |
| THF | tetrahydrofuran |
| TRISO | TRi-structural ISOtropic |
| TRL | technology readiness level |
| UF | ultrafiltration |
| UN | United Nations |
| USD | United States dollar |
| WEF | water–energy–food |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| WHP | waste heat to power |
| WtE | waste-to-energy |
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