The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine will convene an ad hoc committee to describe chemistry information that would improve mitigation of acute and long-term health effects of residential burning during wildfires at the wildland-urban interface. That description will be based on decision-maker needs and the state of relevant science, such as: 1) the chemical processes undergone by materials unique to urban structures and otherwise not present in wildland areas that undergo combustion during wildfires; 2) the identity of chemical species present in urban wildfire combustion products and debris; and 3) what is known about human exposure and relative importance of various human exposure pathways (in the air, water, and soil) for key chemical species, as well as challenges in collecting data to fill important data gaps. The committee's analysis will lead to a report with findings and recommendations that describe opportunities for chemistry research to fill decision-critical gaps and inform decision-makers charged with mitigating wildfire impacts on the general public.