Advancing the Science of Climate Change shows that hypotheses about climate change are supported by multiple lines of evidence and have stood firm in the face of serious debate and careful evaluation of alternative explanations. The book calls for a single federal entity or program to coordinate a national, multidisciplinary research effort aimed at improving both understanding and responses to climate change. In addition, leaders of federal climate research should redouble efforts to deploy a comprehensive climate observing system, improve analytical tools, invest in human capital, and improve linkages between research and decisions by forming partnerships with action-oriented programs.