Animal disease can have catastrophic repercussions for agriculture, the food supply, and public health. Rapid detection, diagnosis and response, as well as development of new vaccines, are central to mitigating the impact of animal diseases. The proposed National Bio- and Agro-Defense Facility (NBAF) would provide critical components for defense against foreign animal and zoonotic disease threats. Meeting Critical Laboratory Needs for Animal Agriculture: Examination of Three Options discusses the laboratory infrastructure needed to address the threat of animal diseases and analyzes three options for creating this infrastructure.