Refinements to the Methods for Developing Spacecraft Exposure Guidelines
2016

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Human spaceflight is inherently risky, with numerous potential hazards posed at each phase of a mission. Potential health risks during spaceflights include short-term health consequences from being in microgravity, as well as long-term health consequences that arise, or continue, months or years after a flight. Additional health considerations are risks posed by exposure to environmental contaminants onboard spacecraft. Because the International Space Station and spacecraft are closed environments that require recirculation of air and water supplies, some contamination of the air and water will occur. Even with onboard air and water purification systems, chemicals will accumulate in the air and water as they recirculate or are recycled onboard. Therefore, it is necessary for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to identify hazardous contaminants and determine exposure levels that are not expected to pose a health risk to astronauts.

NASA uses spacecraft maximum allowance concentrations (SMACs) and spacecraft water exposure guidelines (SWEGs) to provide guidance on acceptable exposures to air and water contaminants during normal operations and emergency situations. Refinements to the Methods for Developing Spacecraft Exposure Guidelines updates the methods for establishing SMACs and SWEGs and assists NASA with identifying chemicals that need updated SMACs or SWEGs and new chemicals for which these guidelines should be developed.

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64 pages · 6 x 9 · paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-39078-8
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-39079-6
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17226/21888

Suggested citation

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Refinements to the Methods for Developing Spacecraft Exposure Guidelines. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.

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Front Matter i-xiv
Refinements to the Methods for Developing Spacecraft Exposure Guidelines 1-2
Summary 3-6
1 Introduction 7-13
2 Derivation of SMACs and SWEGs 14-40
3 Selecting and Prioritizing Contaminants for Assessment 41-43
Appendix A: Biographical Information on the Committee on Spacecraft Exposure Guidelines 44-47
Appendix B: Example Report Outlines for Future SMAC and SWEG Documents 48-50

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Refinements to the Methods for Developing Spacecraft Exposure Guidelines (2016)

Chapter: Refinements to the Methods for Developing Spacecraft Exposure Guidelines

Publication information

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Refinements to the Methods for Developing Spacecraft Exposure Guidelines (2016)

Chapter: Refinements to the Methods for Developing Spacecraft Exposure Guidelines