Appendix B

Biographical Sketches of the Moderators and Speakers

Lisa Bero, Ph.D., is chief scientist at the Center for Bioethics and Humanities and professor of medicine and public health at the Colorado University Anschutz Medical Center and senior editor for research integrity for the Cochrane Collaboration. She is a leader in evidence synthesis, meta-research and studying commercial determinants of health, focusing on tobacco control, pharmaceutical policy, and public health. Dr. Bero has developed and validated qualitative and quantitative methods for assessing bias in research design, conduct, and dissemination and pioneered using internal industry documents and transparency databases to understand corporate tactics and motives for influencing research evidence. She has authored academic articles with a focus on research integrity topics, including measuring problems with it (methods issues, COIs, “spin”), testing methods to improve it (training, policy development), and assessing how research is used or cited (in policy, media, or scientific literature). She has served on international committees for the National Academies, IARC, and WHO.

Nicholas Chartres, Ph.D., is the director of science and policy for Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment (PRHE), which monitors and analyzes federal, state, and local chemical policy, including EPA’s implementation of the Toxic Substances Control Act, which evaluates and regulates industrial chemicals used in U.S. commerce. He has extensive experience in systematic review methods and leads PRHE’s work in disseminating and implementing them to improve evidence evaluation in

the environmental health sciences and ensure the best available science is used for policy decision making. As the lead author of the first in-depth study on how industry sponsorship influences nutrition research, he is an expert in identifying and analyzing industry influence and developing methods to reduce industry bias in the research process. Dr. Chartres is also part of the WHO/International Labor Organization Joint Estimates Working Group examining global work-related burden of disease and injury. He earned a Ph.D. from the University of Sydney.

Vincent Cogliano, Ph.D., has served since December 2019 as California EPA’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment deputy director for scientific programs; he manages its scientific programs and essentially functions as its chief scientist. He brings more than 35 years of experience at federal and international health agencies in assessing environmental health risks. Dr. Cogliano worked for more than 25 years at the U.S. EPA, where he directed its Integrated Risk Information System program, which identifies adverse health effects of chemicals in the environment and conducts analyses to support the protection of human health. He also served as deputy to the agency’s scientific integrity official. His professional interests include qualitative and quantitative health risk assessment and the application to the protection of public health, especially in children and susceptible populations. He received his Ph.D. from Cornell University.

Adam Dunn, Ph.D., is an associate professor in the Faculty of Medicine and Health and leads Biomedical Informatics and Digital Health at the University of Sydney. He works broadly across biomedical informatics using multidisciplinary tools and methods but most often in applications of machine learning and natural language processing. His key interests are in public health informatics, especially research about misinformation and health behaviors, and clinical research informatics, especially about reducing bias and increasing timeliness of evidence synthesis from clinical trials. He has led or co-led research projects funded by the NHMRC, AHRQ, NLM/NIH, and WHO; is the Convener of the Digital Health and Informatics Network at the University of Sydney; is affiliate faculty with the Computational Health Informatics Program at Boston Children’s Hospital; and has held editorial roles with a range of medical journals and computer science conferences. He earned a Ph.D. from the University of Western Australia.

Clive Green, Ph.D., is executive director of Biopharmaceuticals Research and Development at AstraZeneca, where he leads research chemical synthesis using automated technologies and the global processing and distribution of research molecules. Dr. Green is also chair of AstraZeneca’s

Governance Team for the Nagoya Protocol, which ensures the benefits from the use of nonhuman genetic resources (plant, animal, microbial, or other origins containing functional units of heredity) are shared fairly and equitably and Bioethics Advisory Group, which provides advice, support, and guidance to the company’s scientists, project teams and leaders on bioethical issues. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Nottingham, U.K.

Daniel Greenbaum is president of Health Effects Institute (HEI), where he leads its efforts to provide public and private decision makers—in the United States, Asia, Europe, and Africa—with high-quality, impartial, relevant, and credible science about the health effects of air pollution to inform air quality decisions in the developed and developing world. He works with HEI’s sponsors in government and industry, its scientific committees and staff, and other environmental stakeholders to develop and implement its Strategic Plan for Understanding the Health Effects of Air Pollution, which sets HEI’s course every 5 years. He was commissioner of the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection, responsible for the Commonwealth’s response to the Clean Air Act and its award-winning efforts on pollution prevention, water pollution, and solid and hazardous waste. He received his M.S. in city planning from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Cary Gross, M.D., is a professor of medicine and public health and director of the National Clinician Scholars Program at Yale University. His research addresses research integrity, comparative effectiveness, quality, and health equity, with a focus on cancer prevention and treatment. He aims to use real-world research to generate knowledge that will inform change in clinical care and health policy. He is a founding Director of Yale’s Cancer Outcomes Public Policy and Effectiveness Research Center. In the realm of research integrity, Dr. Gross has investigated the relation between financial COIs and study outcomes, ethical issues in disclosing financial ties to patients, and clinical trial data sharing. He earned his M.D. from New York University.

Quinn Grundy, Ph.D., R.N., is assistant professor in the Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing at the University of Toronto. Her research explores the interactions between medically related industry and public health systems and the impacts on the delivery of health services, health evidence, and consumer health information. Dr. Grundy is the author of Infiltrating Healthcare: How Marketing Works Underground to Influence Nurses (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2018). She earned a Ph.D. from University of California, San Francisco.

C. K. Gunsalus, J.D., is the Director of the National Center for Professional and Research Ethics (NCPRE), professor emerita of business, and research professor at the Coordinated Sciences Laboratory. She was the PI for the centerpiece project of NCPRE, Ethics CORE, a national online ethics resource center. She has been on the faculty of the colleges of Business, Law, and Medicine at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and special counsel in the Office of University Counsel. In the College of Business, she taught Leadership and Ethics in the MBA program and was the director of the required Professional Responsibility course for all undergraduates. In law, she taught Negotiation and Client Counseling; she was a member of the faculty of the Medical Humanities and Social Science program in the College of Medicine, where she taught communication, conflict resolution, and ethics. Her experience at the university included technology transfer, management of COIs, human research participant protection, and long-term service as the campus research standards officer with responsibility for responding to allegations of professional misconduct by faculty and students. She earned a J.D. from the University of Illinois.

Adrian F. Hernandez, M.D., is a cardiologist and vice dean for clinical research at the Duke University School of Medicine. He is the coordinating center PI for the PCORI National Patient- Centered Clinical Research Network, NIH’s Health System Collaboratory, and other pragmatic clinical trials to generate real-world evidence. He is also the coordinating center PI for the Baseline Health System Consortium, which aims to change how clinical research is performed to integrate people in and outside of the health system, accelerate research, and improve efficiency. Dr. Hernandez’s research focus is to improve population health, focusing on understanding health outcomes and closing the gap between clinical efficacy and effectiveness. He is an expert in trial design, use of electronic health data, health services, and regulatory science and significantly contributed in the fields of heart failure, outcomes research, population health, and clinical research methodology. He is an elected member of the American Society of Clinical Investigation and Association of American Physicians. He earned his M.D. from the University of Texas-Southwestern in Dallas.

Aaron Kesselheim, M.D., J.D., M.P.H., is a professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School. He serves as a faculty member in the Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics in the Department of Medicine at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and a primary care physician at its Phyllis Jen Center for Primary Care. His research focuses on the effects of intellectual property laws and regulatory policies on pharmaceutical development, the drug approval process, and the costs, avail-

ability, and use of prescription drugs both domestically and in resource-poor settings. Within the division, Dr. Kesselheim founded and leads the Program on Regulation, Therapeutics, and Law, an interdisciplinary research center focusing on intersections among prescription drugs and medical devices, patient health outcomes, and regulatory practices and the law. He received his medical and legal training at the University of Pennsylvania and M.P.H. at the Harvard School of Public Health and is a member of the New York State Bar.

Lonnie King, D.V.M., has more than 30 years of expertise in advancing the health and welfare of animals and humans. He is an innovator in veterinary education, biomedical research, and animal disease discovery. Dr. King is an expert in the “One Health” initiative and frequently serves as a keynote and guest panelist to diverse audiences worldwide regarding the convergence of human and animal health. He has also been cochair on the joint Task Force on Antibiotic Resistance in Production Agriculture to respond to the recommendations in the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology report on Antimicrobial Resistance. He is a member of the National Academy of Medicine. Dr. King earned a D.V.M. from Ohio State University.

Joel Lexchin, M.D., is a professor emeritus in the School of Health Policy and Management at York University in Toronto, Canada, where he taught health policy until 2016. In addition, he worked in the emergency department at the University Health Network (Toronto) for over 33 years. He is the author or coauthor of papers on a wide range of topics, including drug regulation, pharmacosurveillance, drug promotion, research and development, access to medications in developing countries, and physician prescribing behavior. He is a fellow of the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences and among the top 2 percent of the world’s most highly cited researchers. He received his M.D. from the University of Toronto.

Martin McKee, M.D., is professor of European public health at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, where he founded the European Centre on Health of Societies in Transition, a WHO Collaborating Centre. He is also research director of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies and president of the European Public Health Association. He was elected to the U.K. Academy of Medical Sciences, Romanian Academy of Medical Sciences, and National Academy of Medicine. Dr. McKee was awarded honorary doctorates from Hungary, The Netherlands, and Sweden, visiting professorships at universities in Europe and Asia, the 2003 Andrija Stampar medal for contributions to European public health, the 2014 Alwyn Smith Prize for outstanding con-

tributions to population health, and the 2015 Donabedian International Award for contributions to quality of care. In 2005, he was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire. He received a medical degree from Queens University of Belfast, U.K.

Ross McKinney, M.D., is the chief scientific officer at Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC). He leads programs that support all aspects of medical research and training and represents AAMC nationally on issues related to research and science policy, administration, workforce development, and education and training. Dr. McKinney joined AAMC in 2016 after more than 30 years as a member of the Duke University faculty, where he was director of the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Vice Dean for research at the School of Medicine, and director of the Trent Center for Bioethics, Humanities, and History of Medicine. He earned an M.D. from Duke.

David Michaels, Ph.D., M.P.H., is an epidemiologist and professor at the Milken Institute School of Public Health at George Washington University. He was U.S. Assistant Secretary of Labor for OSHA from 2009 to January 2017, the longest-serving administrator in its history. During the Clinton Administration, Dr. Michaels was U.S. Assistant Secretary of Energy for Environment, Safety, and Health, charged with protecting the workers, community, and environment around the nation’s nuclear weapons facilities. Much of his research focuses on protecting the integrity of the science underpinning public health, safety, and environmental protections. He is the author of The Triumph of Doubt: Dark Money and the Science of Deception (Oxford University Press, 2020) and Doubt is Their Product: How Industry’s Assault on Science Threatens Your Health (Oxford University Press, 2008). He earned a Ph.D. from Columbia University.

Rita F. Redberg, M.D., is a cardiologist and professor of medicine at the UCSF, and Core Faculty at the Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies. She is the chief editor of JAMA Internal Medicine since 2009 and has spearheaded its new focus on health care reform and “less is more.” Her research interests are in health policy and technology assessment and how to promote high-value care, focusing on high-risk medical devices and the need to include women in clinical trials for them. Dr. Redberg served on the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission to Congress. She also served and chaired the Medicare Evidence, Development, and Coverage Advisory Committee. She has given Congressional testimony multiple times in hearings on the issue of balancing safety and innovation in medical device approvals. She worked in the office of Senator Hatch and with the Senate Judiciary Committee on FDA-related matters during her

tenure as a Robert Wood Johnson Health Policy Fellow (2003–2006). Dr. Redberg is a member of the National Academy of Medicine. She earned a medical degree from the University of Pennsylvania.

Gary Ruskin is the executive director and cofounder of U.S. Right to Know, a nonprofit public interest investigative research group. He has coauthored 15 studies on corporate influence on research and health organizations, corporate science denial, disinformation, and product defense. He directed the Congressional Accountability Project, which opposed corruption in the U.S. Congress. He earned a master’s degree in public policy from Harvard University.

Sunita Sah, M.D., is a professor and organizational psychologist at Cornell University, director of Cornell’s Academic Leadership Institute, and a fellow at the University of Cambridge. Dr. Sah’s research expertise is in COIs, disclosure, influence, professionalism, consent, compliance, and trust. She teaches leadership, negotiations, and critical thinking and is on the scientific advisory board of the Behavioral Economics in Health Network, on the advisory board of the International Behavioral Public Policy Association, a fellow of the Society of Personality and Social Psychology, and on the editorial board of the journal Behavioral Public Policy. Dr. Sah served as a commissioner on the National Commission of Forensic Science and on the Human Factors Committee for the National Institute of Science and Technology Forensic Science Standards Board. She holds a Ph.D. from Carnegie Mellon University and an M.B. Ch.B. (U.K. equivalent to the U.S. M.D.) from the University of Edinburgh.

Dean Schillinger, M.D., is a general internist, primary care physician, and UCSF professor of medicine. He is an international research expert in chronic disease–related public health, health communication, dissemination science and health policy. He recently completed a term as chief of the Division of General Internal Medicine at San Francisco General Hospital and was chief of the Diabetes Prevention and Control Program for California. He co-directs a National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIDDK)-funded Center for Translational Research (Diabetes Research for Equity Through Advanced Multilevel Science). Of Chilean descent, he has extensive experience working with Latinx, Black, and Asian and Pacific Islander populations. He co-created a youth-led diabetes prevention social media campaign, The Bigger Picture (www.thebiggerpicture.org), which merges arts with public health to catalyze social action; it was recognized by the National Academy of Medicine and received WHO’s Non-Communicable Disease Lab Award. Dr. Schillinger recently was cochair for a Congressionally charged federal

diabetes commission that made transformative recommendations for an all-of-government approach. He received the American Public Health Association’s Everett M. Rogers Award for lifetime achievement in health communication science and WHO Non-Communicable Disease Policy award. He received an M.D. from the University of Pennsylvania.

Laura A. Schmidt, Ph.D., is a professor of health policy in UCSF School of Medicine. She holds a joint appointment in the Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies and the Department of Humanities and Social Sciences. Dr. Schmidt seeks to understand how changing lifestyles are contributing to rising rates of chronic disease across the globe and what to do about it. Her work explores the growing pressures of globalizing economies, rising inequality, and commercial products that undermine our health. She works directly with policy makers to craft and implement evidence-based policies that reduce the consumption of ultraprocessed foods and other commercial products that harm human and planetary health. She received her Ph.D. in sociology at UC Berkeley, where she also completed doctoral coursework in public health.

Craig A. Umscheid, M.D., is a general internist and clinical epidemiologist who serves as the director of the Evidence-Based Practice Center Division and senior science advisor at Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). He is also an adjunct professor of Medicine at Georgetown University School of Medicine, where he practices clinically. Dr. Umscheid was an associate professor at the University of Chicago, where he served as the chief quality and innovation officer and vice president of health care delivery science, with oversight of clinical quality, medical informatics, and clinical innovation. His career has been dedicated to developing, implementing, and evaluating approaches to integrate research evidence into practice across provider organizations in the pursuit of improving the quality and value of patient care. This work has been supported by AHRQ, PCORI, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and NIH. He earned an M.D. from Georgetown University.

Patricia Valdez, Ph.D., is a health science policy analyst at National Institutes of Health (NIH) and extramural research integrity officer in the NIH Office of Extramural Research (OER). She serves as a liaison between NIH and the HHS ORI and handles allegations of research misconduct in NIH-funded extramural activities. For the past 2.5 years, she has been involved in updating NIH grant applications and review language aimed at enhancing the reproducibility of biomedical science through rigor and transparency. Before OER, Dr. Valdez was the manager of publication

ethics for the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. She received her Ph.D. in molecular and cell biology from UC Berkeley.

Tracey Woodruff, Ph.D., is a professor and director of University of California, San Francisco, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment. She is a leading scientist who has produced foundational research on how harmful chemicals and pollutants impact health, pregnancy, and child development, including the first international study to document the effects of air pollution and preterm birth and the first to document toxic chemicals in pregnant women and newborns. A national expert in chemical and regulatory policy, she was a senior scientist and policy advisor for the U.S. EPA’s Office of Policy before UCSF. She earned a Ph.D. from UCSF.

This page intentionally left blank.