Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices (2024)

Chapter: Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base

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Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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APPENDIX K

Detailed Simulation Results

Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base

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Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-1. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 1B-1-11ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
1B-1 20′ 7″ Base Single 4′ TB1-17 11 ga 259 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB C-pillar: 0.87 in. Roll 0.79 Long.: -10.22 Long.: 0.46 Max. C-pillar. 1.32 in. Medium
Pitch -1.78 Lat.: -0.26 Lat.: 0.62
25 Fracturing at base of TB Roof: 1.4 in.; Windshield: 1.1 in. Roll 0.81 Long.: -14.31 Long.: -0.94 Max. roof deform.1.4 in. Medium
Pitch -1.37 Lat.: -0.85 Lat.: 0.89
Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB Roof: 0.82 in.; Windshield: 1.3 in. Roll 1.68 Long.: -12.85 Long.: -0.79 Max. roof deform.0.82 in.; Max. windshield deform.: 1.3 in. Medium
Pitch -0.42 Lat.: 0.09 Lat.: -0.77
25 Fracturing at base of TB A-pillar: 0.4 in. Roll 1.76 Long.: -14.13 Long.: -0.82 A-pillar: 0.4 in. Medium
Pitch -2.10 Lat.: 0.69 Lat.: 0.92
Right 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB A-pillar: 0.6 in. Roll 1.04 Long.: -10.22 Long.: 0.39 A-pillar: 0.4 in. Medium
Pitch -1.48 Lat.: 0.71 Lat.: -0.61
25 Fracturing at base of TB A-pillar: 0.4 in. Roll -3.00 Long.: -17.17 Long.: -2.03 A-pillar: 0.4 in. Low
Pitch -1.37 Lat.: 1.95 Lat.: -3.07
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 1.22 Long.: -10.81 Long.: -0.74 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -0.80 Lat.: 0.03 Lat.: 0.90
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 2.63 Long.: -12.12 Long.: -0.94 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -2.14 Lat.: 0.31 Lat.: 0.93
Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 2.01 Long.: -11.49 Long.: -2.04 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -2.26 Lat.: 0.00 Lat.: 3.00
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 0.55 Long.: -11.59 Long.: -0.83 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -2.18 Lat.: 0.08 Lat.: -0.90
Right 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 1.31 Long.: -11.01 Long.: -0.57 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -0.80 Lat.: 0.23 Lat.: -1.06
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 1.47 Long.: -11.82 Long.: 0.56 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -0.82 Lat.: 0.66 Lat.: -0.84
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll -2.45 Long.: -5.81 Long.: -0.42 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -1.78 Lat.: 0.96 Lat.: 0.54
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll -1.20 Long.: -7.79 Long.: -0.40 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -1.30 Lat.: 1.08 Lat.: 0.64
Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll -1.03 Long.: -6.53 Long.: -0.36 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -0.75 Lat.: 0.16 Lat.: 0.45
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll -1.08 Long.: -9.17 Long.: -0.47 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -0.80 Lat.: 0.12 Lat.: 0.53
Right 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 0.86 Long.: -5.73 Long.: 0.36 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch 1.24 Lat.: -0.58 Lat.: -0.94
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 0.56 Long.: -7.69 Long.: -0.39 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch 1.06 Lat.: -1.10 Lat.: -0.65
Page 211 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-2. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 1B-54-11ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
1B-54 20 7″ Base Dual 4′ TB1-17 11 ga 374 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB C-pillar: 1.1 in. Roll 0.72 Long.: -10.34 Long.: -0.31 C-pillar: 1.1 in. Medium
Pitch -1.66 Lat.: -0.16 Lat.: -0.71
25 Fracturing at base of TB C-pillar: 1 in. Roll 0.95 Long.: -12.81 Long.: -1.04 C-pillar: 1 in. Medium
Pitch -2.33 Lat.: -0.33 Lat.: 0.80
Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB Roof: 2.6 in.; Windshield: 1.2 in.; Rear window: 1.4 in. Roll 2.24 Long.: -12.88 Long.: -1.06 Max. roof deform. 2.6 in.; Max. windshield deform.: 1.2 in. Medium
Pitch -2.89 Lat.: 0.11 Lat.: -0.78
25 Fracturing at base of TB Roof: 6.7 in.; Windshield: 4.4 in. Roll 3.11 Long.: -13.45 Long.: 0.59 Max. roof deform. 6.7 in.; Max. windshield deform.: 4.4 in. Low
Pitch -2.02 Lat.: -0.03 Lat.: 0.61
Right 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 1.03 Long.: -11.28 Long.: 0.41 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -1.50 Lat.: 0.64 Lat.: -0.76
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll -1.83 Long.: -16.18 Long.: 0.94 None occupant compartment deform; Low
Pitch -1.30 Lat.: 2.75 Lat.: -1.57
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 1.12 Long.: -11.18 Long.: 0.72 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -0.80 Lat.: -0.04 Lat.: -0.83
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 1.75 Long.: -12.36 Long.: 0.87 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -1.56 Lat.: 0.32 Lat.: 1.01
Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 0.50 Long.: -11.60 Long.: -0.57 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -2.34 Lat.: 0.33 Lat.: 0.58
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 0.51 Long.: -11.59 Long.: -1.73 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -1.98 Lat.: 0.05 Lat.: 0.66
Right 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 1.52 Long.: -11.26 Long.: 0.78 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -0.99 Lat.: 0.23 Lat.: 1.28
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 1.33 Long.: -11.55 Long.: -0.79 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -0.96 Lat.: 0.54 Lat.: -0.94
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll -2.51 Long.: -5.79 Long.: 0.52 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -1.80 Lat.: 0.91 Lat.: -0.79
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll -0.91 Long.: -5.36 Long.: -0.42 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -1.33 Lat.: 1.26 Lat.: 0.64
Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll -1.09 Long.: -6.58 Long.: -0.37 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -0.75 Lat.: 0.09 Lat.: 0.46
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll -0.92 Long.: -6.59 Long.: -0.27 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -0.98 Lat.: 0.07 Lat.: -0.44
Right 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 0.94 Long.: -5.72 Long.: -0.40 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch 1.25 Lat.: -0.55 Lat.: -0.83
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 0.62 Long.: -5.64 Long.: -0.27 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch 1.05 Lat.: -0.93 Lat.: -0.55
Page 212 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-3. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 1B-6-11ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
1B-6 20′ 8″ Base Single 15′ TB1-17 11 ga 305 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 1.06 Long.: -10.03 Long.: 0.34 None High
Pitch -1.79 Lat.: -0.18 Lat.: -0.62
25 Fracturing at base of TB B-pillar: 0.61 in. Roll 1.09 Long.: -12.35 Long.: -1.05 Max. B-pillar. 0.3 in. Medium
Pitch -1.86 Lat.: -0.27 Lat.: 0.70
Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB Roof: 1.15 in.; Windshield: 1.06 in. Roll 1.63 Long.: -12.94 Long.: 0.62 Max. roof deform.1.15 in.; windshield deform.: 1.06 in. Medium
Pitch -0.77 Lat.: 0.04 Lat.: -0.58
25 Fracturing at base of TB A-pillar: 1.52 in. Roll 2.16 Long.: -13.97 Long.: -1.19 Max. A-pillar. 1.52 in. Medium
Pitch -2.17 Lat.: 0.24 Lat.: -1.01
Right 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB A-pillar: 0.6 Roll 0.90 Long.: -11.52 Long.: -1.28 A-pillar: 0.6 Medium
Pitch -1.37 Lat.: 0.69 Lat.: -0.96
25 Fracturing at base of TB A-pillar: 0.3 Roll -2.55 Long.: -16.12 Long.: -1.14 A-pillar: 0.6 Low
Pitch -1.32 Lat.: 1.87 Lat.: -2.04
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 1.14 Long.: -10.98 Long.: -0.76 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -0.91 Lat.: 0.07 Lat.: 0.71
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 2.88 Long.: -12.24 Long.: -0.85 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -2.38 Lat.: 0.29 Lat.: -1.14
Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 0.59 Long.: -10.33 Long.: 0.62 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -1.78 Lat.: 0.56 Lat.: 0.63
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 0.64 Long.: -11.51 Long.: -0.61 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -2.00 Lat.: 0.12 Lat.: -0.78
Right 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 1.35 Long.: -11.06 Long.: 0.68 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -1.18 Lat.: 0.22 Lat.: -1.08
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 1.41 Long.: -11.81 Long.: 0.59 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -0.85 Lat.: 0.78 Lat.: -0.83
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll -2.50 Long.: -5.53 Long.: 0.64 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -1.69 Lat.: 0.11 Lat.: 1.56
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll -1.14 Long.: -5.61 Long.: -0.67 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -1.36 Lat.: 1.08 Lat.: 0.59
Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll -1.02 Long.: -6.57 Long.: -0.32 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -0.81 Lat.: 0.20 Lat.: 0.47
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll -0.92 Long.: -6.58 Long.: -0.48 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -0.95 Lat.: -0.01 Lat.: 0.74
Right 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll -0.93 Long.: -5.78 Long.: -0.39 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -1.36 Lat.: -0.55 Lat.: -0.76
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll 0.59 Long.: -5.67 Long.: -0.32 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch 1.09 Lat.: -0.96 Lat.: -0.73
Page 213 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-4. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 1B-59-11ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
1B-59 20′ 7″ Base Dual 15′ TB1-17 11 ga 467 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side C-pillar: 0.9 in. Roll 0.81 Long.: -10.29 Long.: 0.68 C-pillar: 0.9 in. Medium
Pitch -1.77 Lat.: -0.27 Lat.: 0.68
25 Fracturing at base of TB;
Pole fell off to vehicle side		 None Roll 1.10 Long.: -12.08 Long.: -1.16 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -1.88 Lat.: -0.15 Lat.: 0.85
Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole impacted roof Roof: 3.38 in.; Windshield: 1.2 in; Rear window: 1.6 in. Roll 1.07 Long.: -12.92 Long.: 0.76 Max. roof deform. 3.4 in.; Max. windshield deform.: 0.8 in. Medium
Pitch -3.04 Lat.: 0.04 Lat.: 0.57
25 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole impacted roof A-pillar: 1.7 in.; B-pillar: 0.35 in. Roll 2.80 Long.: -13.27 Long.: -1.20 Max. A-pillar. 1.2 in.; Max B-pillar. 0.35 in. Medium
Pitch -2.05 Lat.: 0.13 Lat.: -0.94
Right 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side A-pillar: 0.6 Roll 0.87 Long.: -11.33 Long.: -0.66 A-pillar: 0.6 Medium
Pitch -1.42 Lat.: 0.62 Lat.: -0.92
25 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side A-pillar: 0.4 Roll -1.89 Long.: -16.21 Long.: -1.02 A-pillar: 0.4 Medium
Pitch -1.28 Lat.: 2.71 Lat.: -1.46
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll 1.15 Long.: -11.13 Long.: -0.63 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -0.98 Lat.: 0.21 Lat.: 0.73
25 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll 2.87 Long.: -12.31 Long.: 0.81 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -2.32 Lat.: 0.34 Lat.: -0.80
Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll 0.60 Long.: -10.56 Long.: 0.46 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -2.29 Lat.: 0.16 Lat.: -0.60
25 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll 0.63 Long.: -11.67 Long.: -0.71 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -2.15 Lat.: 0.01 Lat.: -1.05
Right 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll 1.50 Long.: -11.23 Long.: 0.56 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -1.08 Lat.: 0.27 Lat.: -1.16
25 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll 1.30 Long.: -11.68 Long.: -0.49 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -0.69 Lat.: 0.66 Lat.: -0.81
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll -2.65 Long.: -5.79 Long.: -0.45 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -1.71 Lat.: 0.70 Lat.: 0.79
25 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll -1.04 Long.: -5.75 Long.: -0.46 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -1.31 Lat.: 1.32 Lat.: 0.79
Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll -1.07 Long.: -6.55 Long.: -0.28 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -0.92 Lat.: 0.04 Lat.: 0.39
25 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll -0.87 Long.: -6.70 Long.: -0.42 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch -0.93 Lat.: -0.16 Lat.: -0.52
Right 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll 0.96 Long.: -5.80 Long.: -0.33 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch 1.25 Lat.: -0.66 Lat.: -0.72
25 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll 0.54 Long.: -5.64 Long.: -0.30 None occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch 1.13 Lat.: -0.89 Lat.: -0.59
Page 214 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-5. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 1B-48-10ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
1B-48 50′ 10″ Base Single 4′ TB1-17 10 ga 583 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Base did not activate None Roll: 2.13 Long.: -23.62 Long.: -2.33 Base did not activate Low
Pitch: -2.50 Lat.: -4.46 Lat.: 1.71
25 Base did not activate None Roll: 1.02 Long.: -26.60 Long.: -2.08 Base did not activate Low
Pitch: -0.68 Lat.: -4.12 Lat.: 1.43
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB, Pole fell on windshield. windshield: 0.94 Roll: 0.44 Long.: -17.02 Long.: -0.71 windshield: 0.94 Low
Pitch: -0.34 Lat.: 0.39 Lat.: 0.87
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on hood and trunk. Roof: 5.12 in. Roll: 0.55 Long.: -17.60 Long.: -0.92 Base did not activate Low
Pitch: -1.15 Lat.: -0.09 Lat.: 1.54
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on right side None Roll: 0.94 Long.: -17.04 Long.: -1.16 No occupant compartment deformation Low
Pitch: -1.01 Lat.: 1.05 Lat.: 1.03
25 Base did not activate None Roll: 1.02 Long.: -26.60 Long.: -1.75 Base did not activate Low
Pitch: -0.68 Lat.: 2.96 Lat.: -2.96
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.80 Long.: -13.53 Long.: -0.77 No occupant compartment deformation. High
Pitch: -2.13 Lat.: 0.75 Lat.: 0.87
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.44 Long.: -14.57 Long.: -0.65 No occupant compartment deformation. Medium
Pitch: -1.33 Lat.: 0.57 Lat.: 0.88
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.54 Long.: -14.51 Long.: -1.18 No occupant compartment deformation. Medium
Pitch: -3.80 Lat.: -0.05 Lat.: 1.16
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.51 Long.: -13.76 Long.: 0.38 No occupant compartment deformation. High
Pitch: -2.32 Lat.: 1.02 Lat.: 0.54
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.71 Long.: -14.31 Long.: -0.43 No occupant compartment deformation. Medium
Pitch: -2.76 Lat.: -0.17 Lat.: -1.20
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.64 Long.: -14.11 Long.: -0.58 No occupant compartment deformation. Medium
Pitch: -1.24 Lat.: 0.76 Lat.: -0.92
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.51 Long.: -6.90 Long.: 0.67 No occupant compartment deformation. High
Pitch: -1.53 Lat.: 0.06 Lat.: 1.59
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.14 Long.: -7.24 Long.: -0.70 No occupant compartment deformation. High
Pitch: -2.27 Lat.: 0.31 Lat.: 1.12
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.16 Long.: -8.30 Long.: -0.52 No occupant compartment deformation. High
Pitch: -1.26 Lat.: 0.32 Lat.: -0.62
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.17 Long.: -8.22 Long.: -10.21 No occupant compartment deformation. High
Pitch: -1.33 Lat.: 0.03 Lat.: 2.40
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.91 Long.: -7.17 Long.: -0.57 No occupant compartment deformation. High
Pitch: -1.28 Lat.: -0.69 Lat.: -0.96
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.59 Long.: -8.24 Long.: 1.31 No occupant compartment deformation. High
Pitch: -1.06 Lat.: -0.55 Lat.: -1.19
Page 215 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-6. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 1B-101-10ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
1B-101 50′ 10″ Base Dual 4′ TB1-17 10 ga 698 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll: 0.82 Long.: -14.65 Long.: -1.55 No occupant compartment deformation Medium
Pitch: -0.93 Lat.: -0.92 Lat.: -1.47
25 Base did not activate None Roll: 0.87 Long.: -29.63 Long.: -2.57 Base did not activate Low
Pitch: -0.66 Lat.: -2.96 Lat.: -2.78
Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side Roof = 8.13 in. Roll: 0.44 Long.: -15.64 Long.: 0.75 Roof = 8.13 in. Low
Pitch: -0.54 Lat.: 0.29 Lat.: 0.63
25 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side C-pillar = 1.5 in. Roll: 0.82 Long.: -15.31 Long.: -0.62 C-pillar = 1.5 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.94 Lat.: -0.29 Lat.: -0.95
Right 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll: 1.03 Long.: -18.07 Long.: 0.91 No occupant compartment deformation Low
Pitch: -0.74 Lat.: 1.54 Lat.: -0.96
25 Base did not activate None Roll: -4.47 Long.: -21.40 Long.: -2.52 Base did not activate Low
Pitch: -0.84 Lat.: 4.18 Lat.: -2.97
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.54 Long.: -14.04 Long.: -0.99 No occupant compartment deformation. Medium
Pitch: -1.94 Lat.: 0.39 Lat.: 0.81
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.50 Long.: -14.70 Long.: -0.98 No occupant compartment deformation. Medium
Pitch: -2.35 Lat.: -0.21 Lat.: 1.03
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.87 Long.: -14.57 Long.: -1.10 No occupant compartment deformation. Medium
Pitch: -4.78 Lat.: -0.08 Lat.: 0.98
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.11 Long.: -13.82 Long.: -1.96 No occupant compartment deformation. High
Pitch: -5.68 Lat.: 0.74 Lat.: 0.81
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.86 Long.: -14.24 Long.: -1.06 No occupant compartment deformation. Medium
Pitch: -3.02 Lat.: -0.40 Lat.: -0.61
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.92 Long.: -14.45 Long.: -0.74 No occupant compartment deformation. Medium
Pitch: -3.19 Lat.: 0.25 Lat.: -0.94
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.81 Long.: -7.18 Long.: -1.39 No occupant compartment deformation. High
Pitch: -1.95 Lat.: 0.55 Lat.: 1.81
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.23 Long.: -7.52 Long.: -1.05 No occupant compartment deformation. High
Pitch: -2.32 Lat.: 0.51 Lat.: 1.46
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.25 Long.: -8.42 Long.: -0.58 No occupant compartment deformation. High
Pitch: -1.68 Lat.: -0.04 Lat.: -0.64
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.13 Long.: -8.43 Long.: -9.61 No occupant compartment deformation. High
Pitch: -1.73 Lat.: -0.28 Lat.: -2.64
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.54 Long.: -7.31 Long.: 1.08 No occupant compartment deformation. High
Pitch: -2.21 Lat.: -0.74 Lat.: -1.57
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -0.85 Long.: -7.74 Long.: -1.58 No occupant compartment deformation. High
Pitch: 0.69 Lat.: -0.34 Lat.: -1.23
Page 216 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-7. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 1B-53-10ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
1B-53 50′ 10″ Base Single 15′ TB1-17 10 ga 629 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB, pole fell on side of vehicle None Roll: 0.82 Long.: -14.48 Long.: -1.00 No occupant compartment deformation. Medium
Pitch: -0.96 Lat.: -0.98 Lat.: 0.77
25 Base did not activate None Roll: 0.75 Long.: -29.73 Long.: -2.61 Base did not activate Low
Pitch: -0.72 Lat.: -2.69 Lat.: -2.55
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole impacted roof Roof crush: 4.22 Roll: 0.45 Long.: -15.56 Long.: -1.77 Roof crush: 4.22 Low
Pitch: -0.49 Lat.: 0.22 Lat.: -1.42
25 Fracture at base of TB, pole fell on side of vehicle C-pillar: 0.6 in. Roll: 0.48 Long.: -15.37 Long.: -0.90 C-pillar:0.6 in. Medium
Pitch: -1.20 Lat.: -0.52 Lat.: 0.81
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB, pole fell on side of vehicle None Roll: 1.04 Long.: -19.98 Long.: 0.92 No occupant compartment deform. Low
Pitch: -0.81 Lat.: 1.71 Lat.: -1.82
25 Base did not activate None Roll: -4.46 Long.: -20.58 Long.: -2.77 Base did not activate Low
Pitch: -0.74 Lat.: 3.93 Lat.: -3.29
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.82 Long.: -13.59 Long.: -0.47 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.69 Lat.: 0.46 Lat.: 0.75
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.89 Long.: -14.59 Long.: 0.71 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -0.88 Lat.: -0.39 Lat.: 1.17
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.47 Long.: -14.48 Long.: 0.44 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -3.74 Lat.: 0.54 Lat.: 0.46
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.62 Long.: -13.64 Long.: 0.48 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.64 Lat.: 0.61 Lat.: 0.65
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.24 Long.: -13.99 Long.: -0.70 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.98 Lat.: -0.39 Lat.: -1.05
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.28 Long.: -14.37 Long.: -0.61 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -0.62 Lat.: 0.57 Lat.: -1.27
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.24 Long.: -7.17 Long.: -0.50 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.73 Lat.: 0.10 Lat.: 1.07
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.56 Long.: -7.69 Long.: -0.81 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.18 Lat.: 0.83 Lat.: -1.27
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.16 Long.: -8.34 Long.: 0.69 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.47 Lat.: 0.30 Lat.: -0.76
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.43 Long.: -8.54 Long.: -9.53 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.41 Lat.: -0.22 Lat.: 2.08
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.40 Long.: -7.36 Long.: -0.91 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.69 Lat.: -0.51 Lat.: 0.94
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -0.90 Long.: -8.09 Long.: 1.22 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 0.73 Lat.: -0.53 Lat.: -1.10
Page 217 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-8. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 1B-106-10ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
1B-106 50′ 10″ Base Dual 15′ TB1-17 10 ga 791 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on left side. None Roll: 0.80 Long.: -18.00 Long.: -1.16 No occupant compartment deform. Low
Pitch: -1.21 Lat.: -1.60 Lat.: 0.92
25 Base did not activate None Roll: 0.88 Long.: -29.38 Long.: -2.63 Base did not activate Low
Pitch: -0.72 Lat.: -2.96 Lat.: -2.24
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB, pole fell on roof of vehicle Right rear fender: 4.81 in.; Roll: 0.44 Long.: -15.79 Long.: 0.71 Right rear fender: 4.81 in.; Low
Pitch: -0.39 Lat.: 0.32 Lat.: 0.80
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on right side. C-pillar: 2 in. Roll: 0.85 Long.: -18.93 Long.: 0.94 C-pillar: 2 in. Low
Pitch: -1.64 Lat.: -1.13 Lat.: 1.05
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on right side. None Roll: 1.08 Long.: -20.17 Long.: -1.65 No occupant compartment deform. Low
Pitch: -0.85 Lat.: 2.15 Lat.: -2.43
25 Base did not activate None Roll: -4.19 Long.: -20.94 Long.: -2.72 Base did not activate Low
Pitch: -0.73 Lat.: 3.92 Lat.: -3.74
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle. None Roll: 3.12 Long.: 14.02 Long.: -0.86 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -2.26 Lat.: 0.11 Lat.: 1.02
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle. None Roll: 2.76 Long.: -14.69 Long.: -0.79 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: 1.95 Lat.: -0.21 Lat.: -1.22
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle. None Roll: 0.98 Long.: 14.40 Long.: -0.80 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -5.88 Lat.: 0.10 Lat.: 0.84
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle. None Roll: 0.97 Long.: -13.93 Long.: -3.12 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -3.79 Lat.: 0.54 Lat.: -1.99
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle. None Roll: -2.51 Long.: 13.97 Long.: -0.57 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.56 Lat.: -0.28 Lat.: -0.95
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle. None Roll: -2.55 Long.: -14.48 Long.: -0.97 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -2.02 Lat.: 0.41 Lat.: -0.98
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle. None Roll: -2.33 Long.: -7.25 Long.: -0.57 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.28 Lat.: 0.57 Lat.: 1.25
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle. None Roll: -2.33 Long.: -7.70 Long.: -0.51 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.48 Lat.: 0.82 Lat.: 1.35
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle. None Roll: -1.18 Long.: -8.45 Long.: -0.55 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.44 Lat.: -0.03 Lat.: 0.87
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle. None Roll: -1.75 Long.: -8.52 Long.: -9.78 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.59 Lat.: -0.18 Lat.: 2.20
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle. None Roll: -1.65 Long.: -7.48 Long.: -0.95 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.19 Lat.: -0.55 Lat.: -1.19
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle. None Roll: -1.49 Long.: -8.04 Long.: -1.14 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 0.69 Lat.: -0.45 Lat.: -1.36
Page 218 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-9. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 1B-48-7ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
1B-48 50′ 10″ Base Single 4′ TB1-17 7 ga 768 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Base did not activate None Roll: 1.11 Long.: -25.17 Long.: -2.88 Base did not activate low
Pitch: -2.21 Lat.: -5.15 Lat.: 1.23
25 Base did not activate None Roll: 0.63 Long.: -29.12 Long.: -2.26 Base did not activate low
Pitch: -1.59 Lat.: -3.31 Lat.: -1.24
Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB A-pillar: 0.4 in. Roll: 0.47 Long.: -16.28 Long.: -0.69 A-pillar: 0.4 in. low
Pitch: -0.52 Lat.: 0.37 Lat.: 1.05
25 Fracturing at base of TB Roof: 7.28 in. Roll: 0.41 Long.: -15.37 Long.: -0.67 Roof: 7.28 in. low
Pitch: -0.91 Lat.: -0.44 Lat.: 0.80
Right 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: 1.31 Long.: -20.82 Long.: -1.19 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -0.80 Lat.: 1.75 Lat.: -1.41
25 Base did not activate None Roll: 1.10 Long.: -27.15 Long.: -1.50 Base did not activate low
Pitch: -0.63 Lat.: 3.59 Lat.: -2.16
MASH 3-61 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: 0.78 Long.: -15.80 Long.: -1.48 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -4.86 Lat.: -0.17 Lat.: 1.25
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: 0.98 Long.: -15.50 Long.: -2.19 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -4.15 Lat.: 0.43 Lat.: 1.15
MASH 3-62 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: -1.29 Long.: -9.75 Long.: 0.81 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.24 Lat.: 0.48 Lat.: -0.89
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: -1.43 Long.: -9.61 Long.: 0.79 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.76 Lat.: 0.72 Lat.: -1.28
Page 219 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-10. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 1B-101-7ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
1B-101 50′ 10″ Base Dual 4′ TB1-17 7ga 883 lb MASH 3-60 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB Roof: 6.35 in. Roll: 0.41 Long.: -16.08 Long.: 0.64 Roof: 6.35 in. low
Pitch: -0.42 Lat.: 0.33 Lat.: 0.90
25 Fracturing at base of TB C-Pillar: 1.42 in. Roll: 0.63 Long.: -17.02 Long.: -0.99 C-Pillar: 1.42 in. low
Pitch: -1.00 Lat.: -0.71 Lat.: -1.11
MASH 3-61 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: 0.72 Long.: -15.87 Long.: -1.27 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -5.93 Lat.: -0.05 Lat.: 1.25
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: 0.94 Long.: -15.10 Long.: -1.71 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -6.29 Lat.: 0.39 Lat.: 1.24
MASH 3-62 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: -1.42 Long.: -10.04 Long.: -0.95 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.44 Lat.: 0.27 Lat.: -1.25
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: -1.56 Long.: -9.84 Long.: -0.65 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.17 Lat.: 0.01 Lat.: -0.88

Table 0-11. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 1B-53-7ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
1B-53 50′ 10″ Base Single 15′ TB1-17 7 ga 814 lb MASH 3-60 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB Roof: 4.66 in. Roll: 0.41 Long.: -15.94 Long.: -0.69 Roof: 4.66 in. low
Pitch: -0.44 Lat.: 0.16 Lat.: 0.74
25 Fracturing at base of TB Roof: 3.05 Roll: 0.54 Long.: -15.55 Long.: -0.69 Roof: 3.05 Medium
Pitch: -0.90 Lat.: -0.54 Lat.: 0.75
MASH 3-61 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: 0.83 Long.: -15.77 Long.: -2.02 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -5.02 Lat.: -0.21 Lat.: 1.27
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: 0.69 Long.: -15.53 Long.: -2.16 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -4.70 Lat.: 0.23 Lat.: -1.84
MASH 3-62 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: -1.31 Long.: -9.88 Long.: 0.62 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.91 Lat.: 0.54 Lat.: -0.81
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: -1.57 Long.: -9.69 Long.: -0.87 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.74 Lat.: 0.07 Lat.: -0.87
Page 220 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-12. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 1B-106-7ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
1B-106 50′ 10″ Base Dual 15′ TB1-17 7 ga 976 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Base did not activate None Roll: 1.04 Long.: -17.50 Long.: -1.07 Base did not activate low
Pitch: -0.72 Lat.: -1.09 Lat.: 0.95
25 Base did not activate None Roll: 0.84 Long.: -30.40 Long.: -1.84 Base did not activate low
Pitch: -0.61 Lat.: -3.08 Lat.: -1.91
Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB C-Pillar: 0.75 in. Roll: 0.44 Long.: -16.72 Long.: -0.63 C-Pillar: 0.75 in. low
Pitch: -0.43 Lat.: 0.35 Lat.: 1.10
25 Fracturing at base of TB C-Pillar: 0.87 in. Roll: 0.54 Long.: -16.11 Long.: 1.37 C-Pillar: 0.87 in. low
Pitch: -0.95 Lat.: -0.28 Lat.: -0.60
Right 1/4 0 Base did not activate None Roll: 1.26 Long.: -23.60 Long.: -2.33 Base did not activate low
Pitch: -0.64 Lat.: 1.89 Lat.: 1.59
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: -2.72 Long.: -23.83 Long.: -1.62 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -0.64 Lat.: 4.69 Lat.: 2.36
MASH 3-61 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: 0.98 Long.: -16.08 Long.: -2.09 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -7.07 Lat.: -0.08 Lat.: 1.05
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: 0.85 Long.: -15.32 Long.: -2.60 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -4.15 Lat.: 0.19 Lat.: -1.36
MASH 3-62 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: -1.55 Long.: -10.30 Long.: 0.73 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.13 Lat.: 0.18 Lat.: -0.86
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: -1.49 Long.: -10.10 Long.: 0.98 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.15 Lat.: -0.03 Lat.: -0.89
Page 221 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-13. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 1B-48-3ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
1B-48 50′ 10″ Base Single 4′ TB1-17 75 lb 3 ga MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Base did not activate None Roll: 1.09 Long.: -24.28 Long.: -4.02 Base did not activate low
Pitch: -2.07 Lat.: -5.12 Lat.: 1.42
25 Base did not activate None Roll: 0.95 Long.: -29.72 Long.: -1.66 Base did not activate low
Pitch: -1.28 Lat.: -3.27 Lat.: -1.22
Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB Roof: 7.9 in. Roll: 0.43 Long.: -16.82 Long.: -0.95 Roof: 7.9 in. low
Pitch: -0.43 Lat.: 0.29 Lat.: 0.82
25 Fracturing at base of TB Roof: 9.5 in Roll: 0.51 Long.: -16.02 Long.: -0.77 Roof: 9.5 in low
Pitch: -0.71 Lat.: -0.40 Lat.: 0.90
Right 1/4 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: 1.41 Long.: -20.27 Long.: -1.11 No occupant compartment deformation. low
Pitch: -0.53 Lat.: 1.46 Lat.: -1.64
25 Base did not activate None Roll: 1.06 Long.: -29.64 Long.: -1.85 Base did not activate low
Pitch: -0.56 Lat.: 3.52 Lat.: 0.79
MASH 3-61 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: 1.11 Long.: -17.47 Long.: -2.44 No occupant compartment deformation. low
Pitch: -8.36 Lat.: 0.26 Lat.: 1.35
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: 0.94 Long.: -16.93 Long.: -3.00 No occupant compartment deformation. low
Pitch: -7.58 Lat.: 0.79 Lat.: -1.81
MASH 3-62 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: -1.45 Long.: -11.22 Long.: -0.95 No occupant compartment deformation. High
Pitch: -2.56 Lat.: -0.08 Lat.: 0.97
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: -1.99 Long.: -11.00 Long.: -0.81 No occupant compartment deformation. High
Pitch: -2.38 Lat.: -0.08 Lat.: -1.27
Page 222 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-14. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 1B-101-3ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
1B-101 50′ 10″ Base Dual 4′ TB1-17 3 ga 1,099 lb MASH 3-60 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB Roof: 9.25 in Roll: 0.41 Long.: 16.61 Long.: -0.72 Roof: 9.25 in low
Pitch: -0.45 Lat.: 0.37 Lat.: 1.04
25 Fracturing at base of TB Roff: 8.80 in. Roll: 0.49 Long.: -15.77 Long.: -0.89 Roff: 8.80 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.79 Lat.: -0.49 Lat.: 1.12
MASH 3-61 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: 1.08 Long.: -17.43 Long.: -1.44 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -7.49 Lat.: 0.44 Lat.: -1.54
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: 1.07 Long.: -16.96 Long.: -2.25 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -6.99 Lat.: 0.83 Lat.: -1.19
MASH 3-62 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: -1.35 Long.: -11.42 Long.: 1.11 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.80 Lat.: -0.18 Lat.: 0.85
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: -2.43 Long.: -11.34 Long.: -1.16 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.94 Lat.: -0.36 Lat.: 1.09

Table 0-15. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 1B-53-3ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
1B-53 50′ 10″ Base Single 15′ TB1-17 3 ga 1,029 lb MASH 3-60 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB Roof: 3.98 in. Roll: 0.42 Long.: -16.45 Long.: -1.01 Roof: 3.98 in. low
Pitch: -0.49 Lat.: 0.29 Lat.: 0.90
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: 0.63 Long.: -15.35 Long.: -0.58 No occupant compartment deformation. Medium
Pitch: -0.75 Lat.: -0.56 Lat.: 0.84
MASH 3-61 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: 1.06 Long.: -16.68 Long.: -2.56 No occupant compartment deformation. low
Pitch: -6.34 Lat.: 0.00 Lat.: 1.35
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: 0.78 Long.: -17.03 Long.: -3.62 No occupant compartment deformation. low
Pitch: -6.15 Lat.: 0.39 Lat.: -1.89
MASH 3-62 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: -1.33 Long.: -11.36 Long.: -0.97 No occupant compartment deformation. High
Pitch: -2.36 Lat.: -0.22 Lat.: -1.51
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: -1.22 Long.: -11.22 Long.: -0.96 No occupant compartment deformation. High
Pitch: -2.53 Lat.: -0.42 Lat.: -1.24
Page 223 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-16. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 1B-106-3ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
1B-106 50′ 10″ Base Dual 15′ TB1-17 3 ga 1,191 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Base did not activate None Roll: 0.77 Long.: -22.98 Long.: -1.16 Base did not activate low
Pitch: -0.92 Lat.: -2.54 Lat.: 1.29
25 Base did not activate None Roll: 0.86 Long.: -30.18 Long.: -1.70 Base did not activate low
Pitch: -0.62 Lat.: -3.18 Lat.: -2.11
Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB Roof: 8.30 in. Roll: 0.39 Long.: -16.55 Long.: -0.78 Roof: 8.30 in. low
Pitch: -0.44 Lat.: 0.20 Lat.: 0.94
25 Fracturing at base of TB Roof: 6.75 in. Roll: 0.62 Long.: -16.20 Long.: -1.20 Roof: 6.75 in. low
Pitch: -0.78 Lat.: -0.44 Lat.: 1.59
Right 1/4 0 Base did not activate None Roll: 1.10 Long.: -26.70 Long.: -1.39 Base did not activate low
Pitch: -0.96 Lat.: 3.60 Lat.: -1.10
25 Base did not activate None Roll: 1.24 Long.: -29.74 Long.: -1.39 Base did not activate low
Pitch: -0.62 Lat.: 4.69 Lat.: -1.68
MASH 3-61 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: 1.11 Long.: -17.47 Long.: -2.44 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -8.36 Lat.: 0.26 Lat.: 1.35
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: 0.94 Long.: -16.93 Long.: -3.00 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -7.58 Lat.: 0.79 Lat.: -1.81
MASH 3-62 Center 0 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: -1.34 Long.: -11.55 Long.: -1.07 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.54 Lat.: -0.31 Lat.: -1.14
25 Fracturing at base of TB None Roll: -1.85 Long.: -11.58 Long.: 0.71 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.79 Lat.: -0.24 Lat.: 1.27
Page 224 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-17. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-19-11ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-19 30′ 8″ Base Single 4′ TB1-17 11 ga 341 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll: 0.58 Long.: -9.93 Long.: -0.41 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.63 Lat.: -0.29 Lat.: 0.73
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to the right A-pillar None Roll: 0.74 Long.: -15.76 Long.: -0.39 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -1.13 Lat.: -1.02 Lat.: 0.68
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole impacted windshield wind shield: 0.7 in. Roll: 0.42 Long.: -12.74 Long.: 0.67 wind shield: 0.7 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.53 Lat.: 0.13 Lat.: 0.58
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll: 2.06 Long.: -13.54 Long.: -1.11 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.05 Lat.: 0.29 Lat.: -0.78
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll: 0.81 Long.: -10.41 Long.: -0.50 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.40 Lat.: 0.47 Lat.: -0.97
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll: -2.21 Long.: -15.46 Long.: -0.90 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -1.30 Lat.: 1.97 Lat.: 1.22
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.38 Long.: -12.56 Long.: 0.74 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.13 Lat.: -0.22 Lat.: 0.78
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.08 Long.: -12.29 Long.: 0.27 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.61 Lat.: 0.00 Lat.: -0.66
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.43 Long.: -12.05 Long.: 0.63 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.62 Lat.: 0.15 Lat.: 0.68
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.47 Long.: -11.99 Long.: 0.43 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.50 Lat.: 0.13 Lat.: 1.04
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.59 Long.: -11.84 Long.: 0.66 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.92 Lat.: -0.43 Lat.: 1.08
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.52 Long.: -12.35 Long.: -0.69 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.04 Lat.: 0.43 Lat.: -0.89
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.70 Long.: -5.77 Long.: -0.38 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.56 Lat.: 1.10 Lat.: 0.75
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.01 Long.: -5.97 Long.: -0.34 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.25 Lat.: 1.47 Lat.: 0.80
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.12 Long.: -6.67 Long.: -0.45 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -0.93 Lat.: 0.33 Lat.: 0.43
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -0.95 Long.: -6.89 Long.: -8.16 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -0.80 Lat.: -0.14 Lat.: -2.58
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.68 Long.: -5.71 Long.: -0.30 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -0.94 Lat.: -0.66 Lat.: -0.86
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.54 Long.: -6.01 Long.: -0.38 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 0.89 Lat.: -1.00 Lat.: -0.66
Page 225 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-18. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-72-11ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-72 30′ 8″ Base Dual 4′ TB1-17 11 ga 457 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on vehicle side None Roll: 0.61 Long.: -10.50 Long.: -0.32 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.67 Lat.: -0.29 Lat.: 0.65
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on vehicle side None Roll: 0.67 Long.: -15.45 Long.: -0.92 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -1.18 Lat.: -0.81 Lat.: 0.73
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to roof. Roof: 1.85 in. Roll: 0.42 Long.: -12.98 Long.: 0.89 Roof: 1.85 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.55 Lat.: 0.01 Lat.: -0.49
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on vehicle side None Roll: 0.43 Long.: -13.66 Long.: -0.71 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.94 Lat.: -0.07 Lat.: -0.54
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on vehicle side None Roll: 0.96 Long.: -11.31 Long.: -0.64 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.43 Lat.: 0.48 Lat.: -0.79
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on vehicle side None Roll: -1.88 Long.: -15.26 Long.: 1.44 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -1.27 Lat.: 2.34 Lat.: 1.53
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passeded over vehicle. None Roll: 5.25 Long.: -11.84 Long.: -0.62 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.82 Lat.: 0.03 Lat.: 0.73
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passeded over vehicle. None Roll: -1.97 Long.: -12.26 Long.: 0.92 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 1.83 Lat.: 0.04 Lat.: 1.03
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passeded over vehicle. None Roll: 0.72 Long.: -12.27 Long.: 0.49 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.97 Lat.: 0.29 Lat.: 0.80
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passeded over vehicle. None Roll: 1.72 Long.: -12.05 Long.: -1.01 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 2.94 Lat.: 0.52 Lat.: 0.81
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passeded over vehicle. None Roll: -2.21 Long.: -11.31 Long.: -0.64 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.51 Lat.: 0.48 Lat.: -0.79
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passeded over vehicle. None Roll: -1.38 Long.: -12.42 Long.: -0.58 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -7.17 Lat.: 0.25 Lat.: -1.03
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passeded over vehicle. None Roll: -6.85 Long.: -5.80 Long.: 0.49 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 3.62 Lat.: 1.03 Lat.: 0.75
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passeded over vehicle. None Roll: -0.98 Long.: -5.92 Long.: -0.52 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.45 Lat.: 1.50 Lat.: 0.58
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passeded over vehicle. None Roll: -1.03 Long.: -6.78 Long.: -0.33 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 3.89 Lat.: 0.24 Lat.: -0.53
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passeded over vehicle. None Roll: -0.95 Long.: -7.11 Long.: -7.98 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.38 Lat.: -0.26 Lat.: 2.49
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passeded over vehicle. None Roll: -1.95 Long.: -5.70 Long.: -0.31 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.94 Lat.: -0.72 Lat.: -1.03
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passeded over vehicle. None Roll: 0.62 Long.: -6.00 Long.: -0.38 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 1.00 Lat.: -1.12 Lat.: -0.73
Page 226 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-19. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-24-11ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-24 30′ 8″ Base Single 15′ TB1-17 11 ga 387 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll: 0.57 Long.: -9.95 Long.: -0.30 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.60 Lat.: -0.25 Lat.: 0.50
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to roof Left C-pillar: 1.18 in. Roof deformed slightly. Roll: 0.62 Long.: -15.57 Long.: -0.74 Max left C-pillar def.: 1.18 in. low
Pitch: -1.13 Lat.: -0.81 Lat.: 0.70
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to roof Roof: 3.08 in. Roll: 0.40 Long.: -12.90 Long.: 0.74 Roof: 3.08 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.59 Lat.: 0.06 Lat.: 0.56
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to roof None Roll: 1.10 Long.: -14.81 Long.: -1.04 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -2.09 Lat.: 0.34 Lat.: -0.78
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll: 1.00 Long.: -11.13 Long.: -0.73 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.51 Lat.: 0.50 Lat.: -0.82
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to vehicle side None Roll: 1.10 Long.: -14.81 Long.: 0.49 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to the right side. Medium
Pitch: -2.09 Lat.: 0.34 Lat.: 1.65
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.28 Long.: -11.65 Long.: 0.61 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -3.38 Lat.: 0.01 Lat.: 0.75
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.44 Long.: -12.21 Long.: -0.61 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.26 Lat.: 0.03 Lat.: 1.00
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.49 Long.: -12.11 Long.: 0.67 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.25 Lat.: 0.39 Lat.: 0.65
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.62 Long.: -11.86 Long.: 0.32 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.87 Lat.: 0.41 Lat.: 0.50
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.93 Long.: -11.93 Long.: 0.82 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.58 Lat.: -0.28 Lat.: 1.03
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.72 Long.: -12.51 Long.: 0.37 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.12 Lat.: 0.38 Lat.: -1.04
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.06 Long.: -5.76 Long.: -0.40 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.51 Lat.: 1.11 Lat.: 0.89
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -0.96 Long.: -5.99 Long.: -0.39 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.35 Lat.: 1.36 Lat.: 0.74
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.04 Long.: -6.64 Long.: -0.40 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 4.20 Lat.: 0.18 Lat.: -0.56
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -0.91 Long.: -6.88 Long.: -8.29 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -0.96 Lat.: 0.06 Lat.: 2.13
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.85 Long.: -5.72 Long.: -0.35 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 0.92 Lat.: -0.55 Lat.: -0.91
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.63 Long.: -5.99 Long.: 0.38 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 0.97 Lat.: -1.16 Lat.: -0.75
Page 227 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-20. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-77-11ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-77 30′ 8″ Base Dual 15′ TB1-17 11 ga 549 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on vehicle side None Roll: 0.56 Long.: -10.49 Long.: 0.29 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.70 Lat.: -0.25 Lat.: 0.59
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on vehicle side None Roll: 0.69 Long.: -13.65 Long.: -1.52 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.14 Lat.: -0.61 Lat.: 0.86
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on roof. Roof: 2.76 in. Roll: 0.37 Long.: -12.80 Long.: 0.93 Roof = 2.76 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.48 Lat.: 0.02 Lat.: 0.66
25 Fracture at base of TB Right C-pillar: 0.73 in. Roll: 0.57 Long.: -13.52 Long.: 0.57 Max right C-pillar def.: 0.73 in. Medium
Pitch: -1.98 Lat.: -0.04 Lat.: 0.49
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on vehicle side None Roll: 0.87 Long.: -10.70 Long.: -0.50 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.47 Lat.: 0.40 Lat.: -1.15
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on vehicle side None Roll: -2.09 Long.: -15.12 Long.: -1.11 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -1.25 Lat.: 2.37 Lat.: -2.14
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.88 Long.: -11.98 Long.: -0.75 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -4.78 Lat.: 0.31 Lat.: 0.96
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.83 Long.: -12.20 Long.: 0.99 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.67 Lat.: 0.17 Lat.: 0.89
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.75 Long.: -12.33 Long.: -0.87 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -3.61 Lat.: 0.26 Lat.: -0.77
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.83 Long.: -12.10 Long.: -0.81 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -3.32 Lat.: 0.56 Lat.: -1.36
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -3.03 Long.: -12.00 Long.: -0.57 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.05 Lat.: -0.33 Lat.: 1.16
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.99 Long.: -12.52 Long.: 0.57 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.21 Lat.: -0.15 Lat.: -0.81
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -4.93 Long.: -5.79 Long.: -0.55 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 6.58 Lat.: 1.11 Lat.: 0.93
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.05 Long.: -5.94 Long.: 0.48 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.87 Lat.: 1.35 Lat.: 0.71
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.56 Long.: -6.77 Long.: -0.37 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 3.83 Lat.: 0.15 Lat.: 0.49
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -4.69 Long.: -7.17 Long.: 0.48 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 7.48 Lat.: -0.59 Lat.: 0.70
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -0.88 Long.: -5.81 Long.: -0.27 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 2.27 Lat.: -0.55 Lat.: -1.00
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.62 Long.: -5.99 Long.: -0.36 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 4.23 Lat.: -0.90 Lat.: -0.69
Page 228 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-21. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-78-11ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-78 30′ 8″ Base Single 20′ TB1-17 11 ga 452 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.58 Long.: -10.54 Long.: -0.36 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.68 Lat.: -0.36 Lat.: 0.70
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 2.47 Long.: -14.90 Long.: -0.85 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -3.01 Lat.: -0.82 Lat.: 0.90
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on roof. Roof: 2.3 in. Roll: 0.37 Long.: -12.80 Long.: 0.69 Roof: 2.3 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.43 Lat.: 0.06 Lat.: 0.62
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.49 Long.: -13.76 Long.: -0.79 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.99 Lat.: 0.55 Lat.: 0.85
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 1.15 Long.: -11.48 Long.: -0.82 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.46 Lat.: 0.46 Lat.: -0.70
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.60 Long.: -14.93 Long.: -1.20 No occupant compartment deformation. Pole snagged to right front tire while falling. Medium
Pitch: -1.36 Lat.: 2.73 Lat.: 1.46
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.66 Long.: -11.70 Long.: -0.74 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.45 Lat.: 0.04 Lat.: 0.96
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.98 Long.: -12.19 Long.: -0.92 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.59 Lat.: 0.06 Lat.: 0.95
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.59 Long.: -12.07 Long.: -0.74 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.37 Lat.: 0.53 Lat.: 0.77
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 3.17 Long.: -12.09 Long.: -0.84 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.86 Lat.: 0.61 Lat.: 1.20
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.87 Long.: -11.79 Long.: 0.61 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 2.30 Lat.: -0.36 Lat.: -1.03
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.73 Long.: -12.47 Long.: -0.45 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 4.12 Lat.: 0.04 Lat.: -1.03
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -4.46 Long.: -5.77 Long.: 0.45 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.03 Lat.: 1.05 Lat.: 0.70
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.38 Long.: -5.95 Long.: -0.3 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.40 Lat.: 1.47 Lat.: 0.63
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.06 Long.: -6.75 Long.: -0.31 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -0.96 Lat.: 0.07 Lat.: -0.57
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -0.98 Long.: -6.93 Long.: 0.40 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.28 Lat.: -0.34 Lat.: -0.64
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.11 Long.: -5.79 Long.: -0.37 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 5.70 Lat.: -0.68 Lat.: -1.08
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.86 Long.: -5.95 Long.: -0.28 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 1.22 Lat.: -1.10 Lat.: -0.73
Page 229 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-22. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-79-11ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-79 30′ 8″ Base Dual 20′ TB1-17 11 ga 678 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.61 Long.: -10.65 Long.: -0.39 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.67 Lat.: -0.30 Lat.: 0.87
25 Fracture at base of TB Left A-pillar: 0.2 in. Roll: 0.82 Long.: -16.06 Long.: -0.97 Max Left A-pillar def.: 0.2 in. low
Pitch: -1.32 Lat.: -0.79 Lat.: 0.79
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on roof Roof: 2.53 in. Roll: 0.38 Long.: -12.97 Long.: 0.74 Roof: 2.53 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.59 Lat.: 0.04 Lat.: -0.50
25 Fracture at base of TB Right C-pillar: 1.15 in. Roll: 0.55 Long.: -14.13 Long.: 0.62 Max. right C-pillar def.: 1.15 in. Medium
Pitch: -2.09 Lat.: 0.2986 Lat.: 0.62
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.87 Long.: -10.63 Long.: -0.68 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.40 Lat.: 0.38 Lat.: -0.91
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.64 Long.: -15.06 Long.: 1.20 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -1.27 Lat.: 2.70 Lat.: 1.79
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.90 Long.: -12.26 Long.: 0.73 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.21 Lat.: 0.52 Lat.: 0.80
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.51 Long.: -12.26 Long.: -0.67 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.92 Lat.: 0.14 Lat.: 0.93
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.79 Long.: -12.18 Long.: -1.20 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -5.48 Lat.: -0.07 Lat.: 1.05
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.53 Long.: -12.26 Long.: 0.88 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -3.73 Lat.: 0.58 Lat.: -1.15
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -5.24 Long.: -12.02 Long.: -0.87 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -4.04 Lat.: -0.67 Lat.: -1.19
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.02 Long.: -12.54 Long.: -0.42 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.19 Lat.: -0.02 Lat.: -1.05
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -3.30 Long.: -5.96 Long.: -0.50 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 5.12 Lat.: 0.84 Lat.: 1.02
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -0.99 Long.: -6.01 Long.: -0.55 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 1.82 Lat.: 1.31 Lat.: 0.79
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.45 Long.: -7.09 Long.: -1.22 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 4.01 Lat.: -0.08 Lat.: 0.88
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.64 Long.: -7.13 Long.: 0.67 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 2.61 Lat.: -0.55 Lat.: 0.76
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 3.27 Long.: -5.87 Long.: -0.34 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 3.21 Lat.: -0.59 Lat.: -0.69
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.38 Long.: -5.94 Long.: -0.44 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 3.76 Lat.: -1.22 Lat.: -0.56
Page 230 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-23. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-19-7ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-19 30′ 8″ Base Single 4′ TB1-17 7ga 470 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.49 Long.: -10.52 Long.: 0.31 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.40 Lat.: -0.38 Lat.: 0.57
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.69 Long.: -16.03 Long.: -0.66 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -1.40 Lat.: -0.81 Lat.: 0.77
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB Roof: 3.41 in. Roll: 0.42 Long.: -13.33 Long.: 0.80 Roof: 3.41 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.56 Lat.: 0.10 Lat.: -0.61
25 Fracture at base of TB A-Pillar: 1.26 in. Roll: -32.80 Long.: -14.05 Long.: -1.65 A-Pillar: 1.26 in. Medium
Pitch: 7.00 Lat.: 0.30 Lat.: 1.73
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 1.05 Long.: -12.15 Long.: -0.92 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.32 Lat.: 0.69 Lat.: -0.90
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -3.07 Long.: -18.39 Long.: -4.01 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -1.32 Lat.: 1.44 Lat.: 2.41
MASH 3-61 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.53 Long.: -13.75 Long.: -0.87 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.30 Lat.: 0.36 Lat.: 0.68
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.68 Long.: -13.33 Long.: -0.62 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -3.18 Lat.: 0.40 Lat.: 0.93
MASH 3-62 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.17 Long.: -7.49 Long.: -0.35 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -0.99 Lat.: 0.03 Lat.: 0.55
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.04 Long.: -7.80 Long.: -0.67 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.23 Lat.: 0.08 Lat.: 0.66
Page 231 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-24. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-72-7ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-72 30′ 8″ Base Dual 4′ TB1-17 7 ga 586 lb MASH 3-60 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB Roof: 5.54 in. Roll: 0.40 Long.: -13.47 Long.: 0.90 Roof: 5.54 in. low
Pitch: -0.37 Lat.: 0.03 Lat.: 0.66
25 Fracture at base of TB Roof: 6.96 in. Roll: 0.55 Long.: -14.46 Long.: 0.53 Roof: 6.96 in. low
Pitch: -2.10 Lat.: -0.10 Lat.: 0.67
MASH 3-61 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 2.75 Long.: -13.65 Long.: -0.79 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -3.29 Lat.: 0.39 Lat.: 0.64
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.14 Long.: -13.49 Long.: -0.86 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -3.46 Lat.: 0.19 Lat.: -0.78
MASH 3-62 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.13 Long.: -7.49 Long.: -0.30 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.12 Lat.: -0.04 Lat.: 0.62
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.42 Long.: -8.24 Long.: -0.53 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.60 Lat.: -0.12 Lat.: 0.82

Table 0-25. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-24-7ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-24 30′ 8″ Base Single 15′ TB1-17 7 ga 516 lb MASH 3-60 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB Roof: 3.11 in. Roll: 0.41 Long.: -13.35 Long.: 0.82 Roof: 3.11 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.41 Lat.: 0.03 Lat.: 0.55
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.53 Long.: -13.89 Long.: 0.83 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -3.00 Lat.: 0.06 Lat.: 0.74
MASH 3-61 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.56 Long.: -13.54 Long.: -0.42 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.57 Lat.: 0.46 Lat.: 0.81
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.64 Long.: -13.35 Long.: -1.28 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -3.44 Lat.: 0.50 Lat.: 0.82
MASH 3-62 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.17 Long.: 7.38 Long.: -0.43 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 1.51 Lat.: 0.02 Lat.: 0.41
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.03 Long.: 7.82 Long.: -0.45 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.33 Lat.: -0.13 Lat.: -0.71
Page 232 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-26. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-77-7ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-77 30′ 8″ Base Dual 15′ TB1-17 7 ga 678 lb MASH 3-60 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB Roof: 5.64 in. Roll: 0.40 Long.: -13.26 Long.: 0.85 Roof: 5.64 in. low
Pitch: -0.40 Lat.: -0.02 Lat.: 0.63
25 Fracture at base of TB Roof: 1.37 in. Roll: 0.70 Long.: -13.59 Long.: 0.66 Roof: 1.37 in. Medium
Pitch: -2.09 Lat.: 0.09 Lat.: 0.63
MASH 3-61 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.63 Long.: -13.91 Long.: -0.86 No occupant compartment deform. high
Pitch: -1.82 Lat.: 0.21 Lat.: 0.86
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -2.77 Long.: -13.49 Long.: -1.05 No occupant compartment deform. high
Pitch: -3.67 Lat.: 0.48 Lat.: 0.80
MASH 3-62 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 3.78 Long.: -7.51 Long.: -0.29 No occupant compartment deform. high
Pitch: 5.04 Lat.: -0.09 Lat.: 0.97
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.64 Long.: -8.13 Long.: -0.57 No occupant compartment deform. high
Pitch: -1.76 Lat.: -0.28 Lat.: -0.70
Page 233 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-27. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-27-7ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-27 30′ 8″ Base Single 30′ TB1-17 7 ga 787 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Base did not activate None Roll: -0.60 Long.: -31.33 Long.: -2.42 Base did not activate low
Pitch: -0.64 Lat.: -2.94 Lat.: -1.22
25 Base did not activate None Roll: 0.88 Long.: -29.98 Long.: -1.86 Base did not activate low
Pitch: -0.62 Lat.: -2.87 Lat.: -2.21
Center 0 Base did not activate None Roll: 0.56 Long.: -32.21 Long.: -2.56 Base did not activate low
Pitch: -2.03 Lat.: -3.06 Lat.: -3.59
25 Base did not activate None Roll: 0.82 Long.: -26.99 Long.: -1.59 Base did not activate low
Pitch: -1.08 Lat.: -0.29 Lat.: -1.17
Right 1/4 0 Base did not activate None Roll: 0.00 Long.: -33.17 Long.: -1.18 Base did not activate low
Pitch: 0.00 Lat.: 4.17 Lat.: 1.23
25 Base did not activate None Roll: 1.92 Long.: -30.71 Long.: -0.90 Base did not activate low
Pitch: -0.45 Lat.: 6.48 Lat.: -1.72
MASH 3-61 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.73 Long.: -17.59 Long.: -0.93 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -2.77 Lat.: 0.18 Lat.: 0.78
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.76 Long.: -17.50 Long.: -1.16 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -2.42 Lat.: 0.29 Lat.: -1.13
MASH 3-62 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.54 Long.: -10.98 Long.: 2.99 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.43 Lat.: -0.42 Lat.: 0.97
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.50 Long.: -10.90 Long.: 2.35 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.50 Lat.: -1.07 Lat.: 0.96
Page 234 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-28. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-35-11ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-35 40′ 10″ Base Single 4′ TB1-17 11 ga 483 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on vehicle side None Roll: 0.66 Long.: -9.33 Long.: -0.21 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.52 Lat.: -0.03 Lat.: 0.44
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on vehicle side Left C-pillar: 0.57 in. Roll: 0.81 Long.: -15.40 Long.: -0.51 C-pillar: 0.57 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.69 Lat.: -1.15 Lat.: 0.61
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off on roof. Roof: 3.86 in. front and rear windshield damaged Roll: 0.34 Long.: -12.69 Long.: 0.87 Roof: 3.86 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.70 Lat.: 0.15 Lat.: 0.44
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off on roof. Roof: 0.9 in. Front windshield damaged Roll: 0.43 Long.: -12.27 Long.: -0.44 Max Roof def.: 0.9 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.95 Lat.: 0.03 Lat.: -0.45
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on vehicle side None Roll: 1.00 Long.: -10.46 Long.: -0.60 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.09 Lat.: 0.32 Lat.: -0.83
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on vehicle side None Roll: -1.61 Long.: -13.59 Long.: -1.01 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.16 Lat.: 1.91 Lat.: -0.85
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.18 Long.: -12.50 Long.: 0.70 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.39 Lat.: 0.36 Lat.: -1.16
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.82 Long.: -13.64 Long.: 0.79 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.93 Lat.: -0.19 Lat.: -0.85
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -0.86 Long.: -13.34 Long.: -0.66 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -4.66 Lat.: 0.76 Lat.: 0.68
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.98 Long.: -13.05 Long.: -1.04 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 3.09 Lat.: 0.96 Lat.: 0.73
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.03 Long.: -13.07 Long.: 0.57 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.74 Lat.: -0.29 Lat.: -1.10
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -3.01 Long.: -13.21 Long.: -0.87 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -3.03 Lat.: 0.20 Lat.: -0.99
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.01 Long.: -6.13 Long.: -0.58 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 1.60 Lat.: 1.33 Lat.: 0.75
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.06 Long.: -6.53 Long.: -0.52 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 3.82 Lat.: 1.34 Lat.: 0.83
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.21 Long.: -7.42 Long.: -0.55 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.38 Lat.: 0.03 Lat.: -0.61
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -3.18 Long.: -7.23 Long.: -0.40 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -7.71 Lat.: -0.10 Lat.: 0.80
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.61 Long.: -6.45 Long.: -0.52 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 2.94 Lat.: -0.69 Lat.: -0.76
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.78 Long.: -6.13 Long.: -0.49 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 0.88 Lat.: -0.98 Lat.: -0.98
Page 235 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-29. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-88-11ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-88 40′ 10″ Base Dual 4′ TB1-17 11 ga 599 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.62 Long.: -9.89 Long.: -0.19 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.52 Lat.: -0.17 Lat.: 0.49
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to roof Roof: 2.17 in. Roll: 0.76 Long.: -17.35 Long.: -0.86 Max Roof def.: 2.17 in. low
Pitch: -1.58 Lat.: -1.28 Lat.: 0.77
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to roof Roof: 4.45 in. Roll: 0.35 Long.: -12.61 Long.: -0.73 Roof: 4.48 in. low
Pitch: -0.67 Lat.: 0.15 Lat.: -0.77
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to roof Roof: 2.23 in. Roll: 0.38 Long.: -12.43 Long.: -0.64 Max Roof def.: 2.23 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.94 Lat.: -0.28 Lat.: 0.80
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.73 Long.: -10.34 Long.: -0.44 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.20 Lat.: 0.34 Lat.: -0.42
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -5.05 Long.: -18.49 Long.: -1.58 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -0.87 Lat.: 0.53 Lat.: -1.90
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.91 Long.: -13.21 Long.: 0.84 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.42 Lat.: 0.13 Lat.: 1.06
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.77 Long.: -12.99 Long.: -0.63 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.33 Lat.: 0.32 Lat.: 0.98
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.23 Long.: -13.58 Long.: -0.81 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -3.25 Lat.: 0.21 Lat.: 0.74
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.02 Long.: -13.49 Long.: -1.12 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -3.36 Lat.: 0.29 Lat.: -0.91
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.51 Long.: -12.89 Long.: -0.72 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.34 Lat.: -0.36 Lat.: -0.75
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -3.16 Long.: -13.60 Long.: -0.86 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 2.46 Lat.: 0.24 Lat.: 1.15
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.23 Long.: -6.32 Long.: -0.37 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -3.73 Lat.: 1.11 Lat.: 0.74
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.03 Long.: -6.78 Long.: -0.72 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 3.12 Lat.: 0.14 Lat.: 1.31
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.75 Long.: -7.55 Long.: -0.35 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 5.75 Lat.: -0.21 Lat.: 0.52
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.12 Long.: -7.59 Long.: -0.28 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.33 Lat.: -0.23 Lat.: 0.75
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -0.96 Long.: -6.55 Long.: -0.62 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 5.47 Lat.: -0.21 Lat.: -1.05
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 6.40 Long.: -6.45 Long.: -0.53 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 1.52 Lat.: -0.84 Lat.: -0.96
Page 236 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-30. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-40-11ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-40 40′ 10″ Base Single 15′ TB1-17 11 ga 529 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on tvehicle side None Roll: 0.49 Long.: -10.40 Long.: -0.31 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.37 Lat.: -0.34 Lat.: 0.50
25 Fracture at base of TB; Left C-pillar: 1.94 in. Roll: 0.77 Long.: -14.77 Long.: -0.86 Max C-pillar def.: 1.94 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.74 Lat.: -1.01 Lat.: 0.84
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to the roof Roof: 3.68 in. Roll: 0.36 Long.: -12.78 Long.: 0.77 Roof: 3.68 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.61 Lat.: 0.10 Lat.: 0.75
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to the roof Roof: 5.03 in. Roll: 0.47 Long.: -12.43 Long.: 0.47 Max Roof def.: 5.06 in. low
Pitch: -0.93 Lat.: -0.02 Lat.: 0.57
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on tvehicle side None Roll: 0.96 Long.: -10.34 Long.: -0.81 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.15 Lat.: 0.33 Lat.: -1.15
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on tvehicle side None Roll: -1.59 Long.: -13.77 Long.: -0.96 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.13 Lat.: 2.08 Lat.: 1.04
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.74 Long.: -12.76 Long.: 0.60 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.50 Lat.: 0.05 Lat.: 1.02
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.18 Long.: -13.69 Long.: -0.74 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 2.13 Lat.: 0.21 Lat.: 1.12
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.47 Long.: -13.33 Long.: -0.88 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.55 Lat.: 0.33 Lat.: 1.27
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.58 Long.: -13.28 Long.: -0.91 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.69 Lat.: 0.67 Lat.: -0.61
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -3.16 Long.: -13.00 Long.: -0.83 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.14 Lat.: -0.57 Lat.: -0.92
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 4.21 Long.: -13.39 Long.: -0.79 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 1.23 Lat.: 0.44 Lat.: -1.03
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.12 Long.: -6.27 Long.: -0.44 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 2.76 Lat.: 1.17 Lat.: 0.75
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.09 Long.: -6.48 Long.: -0.55 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.44 Lat.: 1.09 Lat.: 0.83
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.13 Long.: -7.40 Long.: -0.47 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 6.11 Lat.: -0.11 Lat.: 0.58
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.58 Long.: -7.33 Long.: -0.44 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 4.79 Lat.: -0.24 Lat.: 0.62
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.05 Long.: -6.46 Long.: -0.35 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 3.73 Lat.: -1.02 Lat.: -1.04
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.84 Long.: -6.33 Long.: -0.55 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 1.05 Lat.: -1.06 Lat.: -1.04
Page 237 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-31. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-93-11ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-93 40′ 10″ Base Dual 15′ TB1-17 11 ga 691 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.59 Long.: -10.16 Long.: -0.47 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.45 Lat.: -0.17 Lat.: 0.73
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.80 Long.: -17.09 Long.: -0.82 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -1.54 Lat.: -1.41 Lat.: 0.74
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB Roof: 3.44 in. Roll: 0.32 Long.: -12.75 Long.: 0.73 Roof: 3.44 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.72 Lat.: 0.08 Lat.: 0.61
25 Fracture at base of TB Right C-pillar: 1.86 in. Roll: 0.57 Long.: -12.28 Long.: -0.61 Right C-pillar: 1.86 in. Medium
Pitch: -1.12 Lat.: 0.15 Lat.: 0.62
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.93 Long.: -10.68 Long.: -1.25 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.32 Lat.: 0.40 Lat.: 1.17
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -4.84 Long.: -18.07 Long.: -0.86 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -0.81 Lat.: 0.40 Lat.: -1.72
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.43 Long.: -13.50 Long.: 0.74 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.27 Lat.: -0.06 Lat.: 1.05
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.71 Long.: -13.99 Long.: 0.65 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.68 Lat.: 0.57 Lat.: 0.88
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.83 Long.: -13.64 Long.: -0.89 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -3.46 Lat.: -0.02 Lat.: -0.94
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.90 Long.: -13.55 Long.: -1.59 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -3.63 Lat.: 0.03 Lat.: 1.22
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.63 Long.: -13.15 Long.: -0.93 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 4.45 Lat.: -0.33 Lat.: 1.16
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.43 Long.: -13.40 Long.: -0.79 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 3.41 Lat.: 0.67 Lat.: -1.28
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.18 Long.: -6.36 Long.: -0.49 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.60 Lat.: 0.95 Lat.: 0.88
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.48 Long.: -6.79 Long.: -1.88 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.05 Lat.: 0.78 Lat.: -1.33
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.29 Long.: -7.57 Long.: -0.42 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 1.39 Lat.: -0.21 Lat.: 0.52
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.46 Long.: -7.70 Long.: -0.40 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.55 Lat.: -0.31 Lat.: 0.77
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.08 Long.: -6.67 Long.: -0.70 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 6.03 Lat.: -0.70 Lat.: -1.14
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.82 Long.: -6.46 Long.: -0.58 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 4.22 Lat.: -1.02 Lat.: -1.02
Page 238 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-32. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-41-11ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-41 40′ 10″ Base Single 20′ TB1-17 11 ga 594 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on tvehicle side None Roll: 0.56 Long.: -10.30 Long.: -0.38 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.20 Lat.: -0.12 Lat.: 0.50
25 Fracture at base of TB; Left C-pillar: 1.68 in. Roll: 0.84 Long.: -15.00 Long.: -0.82 Max C-pillar def.: 1.68 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.94 Lat.: -0.93 Lat.: 0.73
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to roof Roof: 1.7 in. Roll: 0.39 Long.: -13.06 Long.: -0.64 Roof: 1.7 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.55 Lat.: 0.09 Lat.: 0.69
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to roof Roof: 4.82 in. windshields damaged Roll: 0.43 Long.: -12.12 Long.: -0.55 Max Roof def.: 4.82 in.; low
Pitch: -0.88 Lat.: 0.18 Lat.: -0.51
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on tvehicle side None Roll: 1.11 Long.: -10.90 Long.: -0.78 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.10 Lat.: 0.42 Lat.: -0.86
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell on tvehicle side None Roll: -1.51 Long.: -13.96 Long.: -0.96 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.16 Lat.: 2.23 Lat.: 0.90
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.76 Long.: -12.91 Long.: 0.82 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 2.49 Lat.: -0.12 Lat.: -1.03
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.62 Long.: -13.75 Long.: -0.59 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.51 Lat.: 0.37 Lat.: -0.93
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.11 Long.: -13.45 Long.: -0.81 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.73 Lat.: 0.38 Lat.: -0.75
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 0.86 Long.: -13.40 Long.: -1.23 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -3.13 Lat.: 0.56 Lat.: 0.85
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.24 Long.: -12.83 Long.: -1.26 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.93 Lat.: -0.39 Lat.: 1.27
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.32 Long.: -13.39 Long.: -0.81 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -3.92 Lat.: 0.45 Lat.: 1.59
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 3.18 Long.: -6.25 Long.: -0.38 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 1.62 Lat.: 1.23 Lat.: 0.84
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -4.11 Long.: -6.65 Long.: -0.58 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.71 Lat.: 0.92 Lat.: 1.03
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.88 Long.: -7.42 Long.: -0.44 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 5.45 Lat.: -0.11 Lat.: 0.47
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.07 Long.: -7.46 Long.: -0.40 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 1.68 Lat.: -0.29 Lat.: 0.63
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.70 Long.: -6.53 Long.: -0.38 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 8.80 Lat.: -1.09 Lat.: -0.91
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.30 Long.: -6.52 Long.: -0.59 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 1.87 Lat.: -0.83 Lat.: -1.00
Page 239 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-33. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-94-11ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-94 40′ 10″ Base Dual 20′ TB1-17 11 ga 820 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; None Roll: 0.69 Long.: -10.18 Long.: -0.54 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.42 Lat.: -0.21 Lat.: 0.73
25 Fracture at base of TB; None Roll: 0.96 Long.: -15.92 Long.: -0.83 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -1.59 Lat.: -1.24 Lat.: 0.84
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to roof Roof: 1.68 in. Roll: 0.33 Long.: -12.91 Long.: 0.78 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -0.56 Lat.: 0.02 Lat.: 0.55
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole fell off to roof Roof: 1.88 in. Roll: 0.35 Long.: -12.57 Long.: -0.75 Max Roof def.: 1.88 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.89 Lat.: -0.20 Lat.: -0.57
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; None Roll: 0.77 Long.: -10.41 Long.: -0.92 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.14 Lat.: 0.18 Lat.: -0.97
25 Fracture at base of TB; None Roll: -4.94 Long.: -18.17 Long.: -1.30 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -0.65 Lat.: 0.64 Lat.: 1.38
MASH 3-61 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at Base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.98 Long.: -13.39 Long.: 0.57 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.66 Lat.: -0.08 Lat.: 1.22
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 2.79 Long.: -14.13 Long.: -1.08 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -2.10 Lat.: 0.53 Lat.: 1.21
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 4.03 Long.: -13.84 Long.: -1.37 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -5.76 Lat.: 0.17 Lat.: 0.91
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.40 Long.: -13.72 Long.: -1.62 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 5.45 Lat.: 0.64 Lat.: -0.81
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -4.34 Long.: -13.36 Long.: -1.35 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -4.95 Lat.: -0.87 Lat.: -1.49
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -2.99 Long.: -13.36 Long.: -0.52 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.18 Lat.: 0.74 Lat.: -1.32
MASH 3-62 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.90 Long.: -6.55 Long.: -0.38 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 2.73 Lat.: 0.26 Lat.: 1.05
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -4.96 Long.: -6.67 Long.: -0.56 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -3.03 Lat.: 0.49 Lat.: 1.01
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -1.02 Long.: -7.61 Long.: -0.53 No occupant compartment deform High
Pitch: -1.65 Lat.: -0.24 Lat.: 0.68
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: -3.97 Long.: -7.72 Long.: -0.36 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 2.11 Lat.: -0.36 Lat.: -0.65
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 1.96 Long.: -6.59 Long.: -0.77 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 4.56 Lat.: -0.11 Lat.: -1.14
25 Fracture at base of TB; Pole passed over vehicle None Roll: 3.10 Long.: -6.58 Long.: -0.42 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 3.93 Lat.: -0.89 Lat.: -0.93
Page 240 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-34. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-35-7ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-35 40′ 10″ Base Single 4′ TB1-17 7ga 694 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -0.51 Long.: -11.04 Long.: -0.57 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.38 Lat.: -0.36 Lat.: 0.86
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 1.10 Long.: -17.36 Long.: -0.77 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -1.11 Lat.: -1.33 Lat.: 0.63
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB Roof: 5.4 in. Roll: 0.37 Long.: -13.70 Long.: 0.59 Roof: 5.4 in. low
Pitch: -0.51 Lat.: 0.18 Lat.: -0.58
25 Fracture at base of TB Roof: 3.47 in. Roll: 0.40 Long.: -12.47 Long.: 0.72 Roof: 3.47 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.86 Lat.: 0.20 Lat.: -0.69
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 1.11 Long.: -11.11 Long.: -0.69 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -0.95 Lat.: 0.52 Lat.: -0.89
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.42 Long.: -15.51 Long.: -1.20 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -1.05 Lat.: 2.87 Lat.: -1.42
MASH 3-61 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 1.83 Long.: -15.73 Long.: -0.80 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -3.61 Lat.: 0.91 Lat.: 0.86
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.90 Long.: -15.72 Long.: 0.96 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -4.03 Lat.: 0.57 Lat.: 1.03
MASH 3-62 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.60 Long.: -9.00 Long.: 0.76 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.90 Lat.: 0.33 Lat.: -0.97
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -4.35 Long.: -8.62 Long.: 0.57 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 2.11 Lat.: 0.14 Lat.: -0.76
Page 241 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-35. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-88-7ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-88 40′ 10″ Base Dual 4′ TB1-17 7 ga 809 lb MASH 3-60 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB Roof: 7.11 in. Roll: 0.33 Long.: -13.35 Long.: -0.88 Roof: 7.11 in. low
Pitch: -0.59 Lat.: 0.04 Lat.: 0.60
25 Fracture at base of TB Roof: 3.26 in. Roll: 0.36 Long.: -12.38 Long.: -0.56 Roof: 3.26 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.88 Lat.: 0.05 Lat.: -0.48
MASH 3-61 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.82 Long.: -15.85 Long.: 1.22 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -4.30 Lat.: 0.13 Lat.: 0.81
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 3.28 Long.: -15.78 Long.: -0.87 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -4.01 Lat.: 0.09 Lat.: 0.81
MASH 3-62 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 1.93 Long.: -9.07 Long.: 0.93 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -16.77 Lat.: 0.19 Lat.: -0.85
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.62 Long.: -8.89 Long.: -0.65 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -1.87 Lat.: 0.14 Lat.: -0.88

Table 0-36. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-40-7ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-40 40′ 10″ Base Single 15′ TB1-17 7 ga 740 lb MASH 3-60 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB Roof: 6.5 in. Roll: 0.35 Long.: -13.29 Long.: -0.70 Roof: 6.5 in. low
Pitch: -0.39 Lat.: 0.12 Lat.: 0.68
25 Fracture at base of TB Roof: 6.2 in. Roll: 0.37 Long.: -12.71 Long.: 0.75 Roof: 6.2 in. low
Pitch: -0.93 Lat.: -0.26 Lat.: -0.57
MASH 3-61 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 1.02 Long.: -15.61 Long.: -0.78 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -3.54 Lat.: 0.59 Lat.: 0.86
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.64 Long.: -15.50 Long.: 1.00 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -3.41 Lat.: 0.41 Lat.: 0.86
MASH 3-62 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -3.14 Long.: -8.75 Long.: -0.67 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -7.50 Lat.: 0.45 Lat.: -0.91
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.43 Long.: -8.80 Long.: 0.37 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: 2.72 Lat.: -0.39 Lat.: -0.94
Page 242 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-37. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-93-7ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-93 40′ 10″ Base Dual 15′ TB1-17 7 ga 75 lb MASH 3-60 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB Roof: 3.27 in. Roll: 0.34 Long.: -13.88 Long.: -0.74 Roof: 3.27 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.58 Lat.: -0.01 Lat.: 0.60
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.62 Long.: -12.84 Long.: -0.98 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -0.94 Lat.: -0.24 Lat.: 0.74
MASH 3-61 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.66 Long.: -16.06 Long.: -1.06 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -4.69 Lat.: 0.13 Lat.: 1.00
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.93 Long.: -15.90 Long.: -1.47 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -4.53 Lat.: 0.23 Lat.: 0.99
MASH 3-62 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.14 Long.: -9.20 Long.: 1.41 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -15.92 Lat.: 0.22 Lat.: 0.91
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.55 Long.: -8.91 Long.: -0.64 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -8.95 Lat.: 0.09 Lat.: -1.00

Table 0-38. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-41-7ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-41 40′ 10″ Base Single 20′ TB1-17 7 ga 804 lb MASH 3-60 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB Roof: 1.96 in. Roll: 0.37 Long.: -13.46 Long.: 0.54 Roof: 1.96 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.52 Lat.: 0.11 Lat.: 0.72
25 Fracture at base of TB Roof: 2.65 in. Roll: 0.67 Long.: -12.53 Long.: 0.87 Roof: 2.65 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.91 Lat.: 0.14 Lat.: 0.60
MASH 3-61 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.88 Long.: -15.78 Long.: -0.74 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -3.43 Lat.: 0.45 Lat.: 0.79
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 1.36 Long.: -16.07 Long.: 1.35 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -4.23 Lat.: 0.63 Lat.: 1.01
MASH 3-62 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 2.79 Long.: -9.04 Long.: -0.59 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -4.01 Lat.: -0.09 Lat.: -0.83
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.70 Long.: -8.79 Long.: -0.61 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -7.88 Lat.: -0.08 Lat.: 0.83
Page 243 Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Table 0-39. Detailed Simulation Results – Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Frangible Base – Case No. 2A-94-7ga

Pole Height [ft] Pole Dimensions Mast Arm Transformer Base Pole Thickness Weight [lb] MASH Desig. Impact Location Impact Angle (Degree) Pole Failure Mechanism Occupant Compartment Deformation Max. Roll and Pitch Angle (Degree) [Max: 75°] OIV [ft/s] [P: 10ft/s; Max: 16 ft/s] Ridedown Acceleration [P: 15g; Max:20.49g] Simulation Results Potential to Pass MASH
2A-94 40′ 10″ Base Dual 20′ TB1-17 7 ga 1,031 lb MASH 3-60 Left 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 1.65 Long.: -14.08 Long.: -1.04 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -1.40 Lat.: -1.53 Lat.: 1.17
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.97 Long.: -17.63 Long.: -1.56 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -1.52 Lat.: -1.65 Lat.: 1.48
Center 0 Fracture at base of TB Roof: 3.31 in. Roll: 0.34 Long.: -14.04 Long.: -0.65 Roof: 3.31 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.49 Lat.: 0.14 Lat.: 0.63
25 Fracture at base of TB C-pillar: 0.9 in. Roll: 0.36 Long.: -12.85 Long.: -0.80 C-pillar: 0.9 in. Medium
Pitch: -0.94 Lat.: -0.48 Lat.: 0.74
Right 1/4 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 1.16 Long.: -11.01 Long.: -1.02 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -0.88 Lat.: 0.46 Lat.: -0.69
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -4.67 Long.: -19.93 Long.: -3.17 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -0.78 Lat.: 2.31 Lat.: -3.33
MASH 3-61 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: 0.86 Long.: -16.20 Long.: 1.74 No occupant compartment deform. low
Pitch: -6.29 Lat.: 0.18 Lat.: 0.83
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.73 Long.: -15.78 Long.: -1.04 No occupant compartment deform. Medium
Pitch: -5.67 Lat.: 0.47 Lat.: 1.13
MASH 3-62 Center 0 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -6.35 Long.: -9.29 Long.: -1.77 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -8.17 Lat.: 0.06 Lat.: -1.13
25 Fracture at base of TB None Roll: -1.62 Long.: -8.94 Long.: -0.52 No occupant compartment deform. High
Pitch: -2.26 Lat.: 0.15 Lat.: -0.88
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix K: Detailed Simulation Results Steel Luminaire Pole with TB1-17 Transformer Base." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Evaluating Crashworthiness of Sign Supports and Breakaway Luminaire Poles: Appendices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27900.
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Next Chapter: Appendix L: Detailed Simulation Results PSST Sign Support System
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