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Suggested Citation: "Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Background and Resources for the Design and Construction of Bonded and Unbonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Bridge Elements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29032.

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Background and
Resources for the Design
and Construction of
Bonded and Unbonded
Post-Tensioned Concrete
Bridge Elements

Robert J. Frosch
Christopher S. Williams
Sarah K. Bowlin
Mason B. Rhodes
David S. Derks
Purdue University
West Lafayette, IN

Pinar Okumus
Mi Jin Jung
University at Buffalo
Buffalo, NY

Thomas P. Murphy
Maria Lopez de Murphy
Modjeski and Masters, Inc.
Mechanicsburg, PA

Andrew D. Mish
Jesus Muro Villanueva
Modjeski and Masters, Inc.
Littleton, CO

Appendices for NCHRP Project 12-118
Submitted August 2024

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Suggested Citation: "Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Background and Resources for the Design and Construction of Bonded and Unbonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Bridge Elements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29032.

NCHRP Web-Only Document 417

Background and Resources for the Design and Construction of Bonded and Unbonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Bridge Elements

© 2025 by the National Academy of Sciences. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and the graphical logo are trademarks of the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/29032

NATIONAL COOPERATIVE HIGHWAY RESEARCH PROGRAM

Systematic, well-designed, and implementable research is the most effective way to solve many problems facing state departments of transportation (DOTs) administrators and engineers. Often, highway problems are of local or regional interest and can best be studied by state DOTs individually or in cooperation with their state universities and others. However, the accelerating growth of highway transportation results in increasingly complex problems of wide interest to highway authorities. These problems are best studied through a coordinated program of cooperative research.

Recognizing this need, the leadership of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) in 1962 initiated an objective national highway research program using modern scientific techniques—the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP). NCHRP is supported on a continuing basis by funds from participating member states of AASHTO and receives the full cooperation and support of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), United States Department of Transportation, under Agreement No. 693JJ31950003.

COPYRIGHT INFORMATION

Authors herein are responsible for the authenticity of their materials and for obtaining written permissions from publishers or persons who own the copyright to any previously published or copyrighted material used herein.

Cooperative Research Programs (CRP) grants permission to reproduce material in this publication for classroom and not-for-profit purposes. Permission is given with the understanding that none of the material will be used to imply TRB, AASHTO, APTA, FAA, FHWA, FTA, GHSA, or NHTSA endorsement of a particular product, method, or practice. It is expected that those reproducing the material in this document for educational and not-for-profit uses will give appropriate acknowledgment of the source of any reprinted or reproduced material. For other uses of the material, request permission from CRP.

DISCLAIMER

The opinions and conclusions expressed or implied in this report are those of the researchers who performed the research. They are not necessarily those of the Transportation Research Board; the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; the FHWA; or the program sponsors.

The Transportation Research Board does not develop, issue, or publish standards or specifications. The Transportation Research Board manages applied research projects which provide the scientific foundation that may be used by Transportation Research Board sponsors, industry associations, or other organizations as the basis for revised practices, procedures, or specifications.

The Transportation Research Board, the National Academies, and the sponsors of the National Cooperative Highway Research Program do not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers’ names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the object of the report.

The information contained in this document was taken directly from the submission of the author(s). This material has not been edited by TRB.

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Suggested Citation: "Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Background and Resources for the Design and Construction of Bonded and Unbonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Bridge Elements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29032.

The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the nation. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. John L. Anderson is president.

The National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) was established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to advise the nation on medical and health issues. Members are elected by their peers for distinguished contributions to medicine and health. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president.

The three Academies work together as the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to provide independent, objective analysis and advice to the nation and conduct other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions. The National Academies also encourage education and research, recognize outstanding contributions to knowledge, and increase public understanding in matters of science, engineering, and medicine.

Learn more about the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine at www.nationalacademies.org.

The Transportation Research Board is one of seven major program divisions of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The mission of the Transportation Research Board is to mobilize expertise, experience, and knowledge to anticipate and solve complex transportation-related challenges. The Board’s varied activities annually engage about 8,500 engineers, scientists, and other transportation researchers and practitioners from the public and private sectors and academia, all of whom contribute their expertise in the public interest. The program is supported by state departments of transportation, federal agencies including the component administrations of the U.S. Department of Transportation, and other organizations and individuals interested in the development of transportation.

Learn more about the Transportation Research Board at www.TRB.org.

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Suggested Citation: "Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Background and Resources for the Design and Construction of Bonded and Unbonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Bridge Elements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29032.

COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAMS

CRP STAFF FOR NCHRP WEB-ONLY DOCUMENT 417

Monique R. Evans, Director, Cooperative Research Programs

Waseem Dekelbab, Deputy Director, Cooperative Research Programs, and Manager, National Cooperative Highway Research Program

Amir N. Hanna, Senior Program Officer

Oulimata Khoule, Senior Program Assistant

Natalie Barnes, Director of Publications

Heather DiAngelis, Associate Director of Publications

Jennifer J. Weeks, Publishing Projects Manager

NCHRP PROJECT 12-118 PANEL
Field of Design—Area of Bridges

Richard Brice, Washington State Department of Transportation, Tumwater, WA (Chair)

Hussam Z. Fallaha, Virginia Department of Transportation, Fairfax, VA

Gregg A. Freeby, American Segmental Bridge Institute, Austin, TX

Fouad A. H. Jaber, Nebraska Department of Transportation, Lincoln, NE

Thomas P. Macioce, HNTB, Carlisle, PA (formerly with Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, Harrisburg, PA)

Carin L. Roberts-Wollmann, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, VA

Kevin Western, Michael Baker International, Inc., Osceola, WI

Reggie H. Holt, FHWA Liaison

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Suggested Citation: "Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Background and Resources for the Design and Construction of Bonded and Unbonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Bridge Elements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29032.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPENDIX A Specimen Drawings

APPENDIX B Shear Load Deflections and Failure Photos

APPENDIX C Design Examples

APPENDIX D Shear Calculation Results

NCHRP Web-Only Document 417 contains the appendices for NCHRP Project 12-118 and accompanies NCHRP Research Report 1139: Considerations for the Design and Construction of Bonded and Unbonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Bridge Elements. Readers can read or purchase NCHRP Research Report 1139 on the National Academies Press website (nap.nationalacademies.org).

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Suggested Citation: "Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Background and Resources for the Design and Construction of Bonded and Unbonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Bridge Elements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29032.
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Suggested Citation: "Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Background and Resources for the Design and Construction of Bonded and Unbonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Bridge Elements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29032.
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Suggested Citation: "Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Background and Resources for the Design and Construction of Bonded and Unbonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Bridge Elements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29032.
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Suggested Citation: "Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Background and Resources for the Design and Construction of Bonded and Unbonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Bridge Elements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29032.
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Suggested Citation: "Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Background and Resources for the Design and Construction of Bonded and Unbonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Bridge Elements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29032.
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Next Chapter: Appendix A: Specimen Drawings
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