Read "Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals,: Fourth Revised Edition, 1995" at NAP.edu

Page 149 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix." National Research Council. 1995. Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals,: Fourth Revised Edition, 1995. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4758.

Appendix

Page 150 Cite Bookmark

This page in the original is blank.

Page 151 Cite Bookmark

APPENDIX TABLE 1 Fatty Acid Composition (%) of Some Common Fats Used in Rodent Diets

Fatty Acids^a	Canola Oil^b	Cocoa Butter^c	Coconut (hydrogenated-96°) Oil^d	Corn Oil^e	Cottonseed Oil	Fish (Menhaden) Oil^f	Tallow	Linseed Oil^g	Olive Oil^h	Peanut Oil	Sunflower Oilⁱ	Soybean Oil^j
8:0			6.8
10:0			5.8
12:0			46.7			0.2	0.1
14:0		0.1	18.5	0.1	0.8	7.3	3.4			0.1	0.1	0.1
14:1			0.2				0.7
15:0							0.6
16:0	3.9	25.4	9.5	11.0	23.4	19.0	24.8	5.3	12.0	10.9	6.7	10.5
16:1	0.2	0.2		0.1	0.6	9.1	3.4		1.2	0.1	0.1
17:0						0.9	1.3		0.1	0.1		0.1
17:1							0.8		0.1	0.1
18:0	2.0	33.2	3.1	2.2	2.4	4.2	18.6	4.1	2.3	2.5	4.8	3.9
18:1(n-9)	61.8	32.6	7.1	25.5	17.9	13.2	42.2	20.2	72.9	45.8	18.7	22.6
18:2(n-6)	20.0	2.8	1.9	59.5	53.6	1.3	2.8	12.7	9.6	33.0	67.3	54.2
18:3(n-3)	9.3	0.1	0.1	1.0	0.5	1.3	0.8	53.3	1.0	0.5	1.1	7.7
20:0	0.4			0.4	0.3	0.4	0.3		0.1	1.3	0.2	0.3
20:1(n-11)	1.5			0.3		2.0			0.3	1.0	0.2
20:4(n-6)						0.2
20:5(n-3)						11.0
22:0	0.4					0.2			0.1	2.9	0.6	0.3
22:1(n-11)	0.5					0.6
22:6(n-3)						9.1
Other	0.0	5.6	0.3	0.0	0.5	20.0	0.2	4.4	0.3	1.7	0.3	0.2
n-6:n-3	2.2	28.0	19.0	59.5	107.2	0.1	3.5	0.2	9.6	66.0	61.2	7.0
NOTE: Unless otherwise indicated, fatty acid composition was supplied by E. Wayne Emmons, AOCS Chromatography Chairman, 1991 (personal communication). ^a 14:1 and 17:1 contain double bond in n-9 or n-11 position, exact position unknown. ^b Abundance of n-3 and monounsaturated fat. ^c Abundance of long-chain saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid composition from U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook No. 8-4 (1979). ^d A highly saturated fat; contains predominantly medium-chain triglycerides and very little trans fatty acid. ^e Good source of essential fatty acid, n-6; suggested for use in the AIN-76 rodent reference diet (American Institute of Nutrition, 1977). ^f Contains large amounts of very long chain n-3 fatty acids; usually needs to be supplemented with an n-6 containing oil for use in a rodent diet (fatty acid composition from Ackman, R. G., 1982). ^g Contains large quantity n-3 fatty acid; fatty acid composition from U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook No. 8-4 (1979). ^h Contains large quantity of monounsaturated fat. ⁱ Greatest source of n-6 fatty acid of these fat sources. ^j Contains significant quantity of n-6 and n-3 fatty acid; partially hydrogenated soybean oil will also contain some trans fatty acids.

Page 152 Cite Bookmark

APPENDIX TABLE 2 Amino Acid Composition (mg/g nitrogen) of Purified Proteins Used in Laboratory Animal Diets

Amino Acid	Acid Casein	ANRC Casein	Lactalbumin	Whey Protein Concentrate	Soybean Protein Isolate
Alanine	188	188	369	331	269
Arginine	231	231	188	175	475
Asparagine	431	469	769	681	725
Cystine	25	25	200	169	81
Glutamic acid	1,306	1,563	925	1,094	1,194
Glycine	113	125	144	125	263
Histidine	181	200	131	131	163
Isoleucine	288	313	319	338	306
Leucine	569	594	875	744	513
Lysine	481	488	669	588	394
Methionine	181	200	131	156	81
Phenylalanine	319	331	244	219	325
Proline	650	706	319	331	319
Serine	363	381	313	338	325
Threonine	269	300	369	413	238
Tryptophan	75	75	144	125	81
Tyrosine	344	369	250	206	238
Valine	356	388	313	319	313
NOTE: Data was obtained from New Zealand Milk Products, Inc., and Protein Technologies International. All calculations assume protein contained 16 percent nitrogen.

APPENDIX TABLE 3 Molecular Weights of Vitamins

Compound	Molecular Weight
Vitamin A
Retinol	286.46
3,4-Dehydroretinol (vitamin A₂)	284.44
Retinaldehyde (Retinal)	284.44
Retinoic acid	300.44
Retinyl acetate	328.50
Retinyl palmitate	524.88
Retinyl stearate	552.93
Retinyl oleate	550.91
β-Carotene	536.89
Vitamin D
Ergocalciferol (vitamin D₂)	396.66
Cholecalciferol (vitamin D₃)	384.65
25-Hydroxycholecalciferol	400.65
1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol	416.65
Vitamin E
α-Tocopherol	430.72
α-Tocopheryl acetate	472.76
β-Tocopherol	416.69
γ-Tocopherol	416.69
δ-Tocopherol	402.66
α-Tocotrienol	424.67
Vitamin K
Phylloquinone (vitamin K₁)	450.71
Menaquinone-4	444.66
Menaquinone-7	649.02
Menaquinone-8	717.14
Meanquinone-9	785.26
Menadione	172.18
Menadione sodium bisulfite	276.25
Menadione dimethylpyridinol
bisulfite	378.41
Vitamin C
Ascorbic acid	176.13
Dehydroascorbic acid	174.11
Biotin
Biotin	244.32
Choline
Choline (free base)	104.17
Choline bitartrate	253.25
Choline chloride	139.63
Folate
Folic acid	441.41
Niacin
Nicotinic acid	123.11
Nicotinamide	122.13
Pantothenic acid
Pantothenic acid	219.24
Sodium pantothenate	241.22
Calcium pantothenate	476.54
Calcium pantothenate monohydrate	494.56
Vitamin B₆
Pyridoxine hydrochloride	205.64
Pyridoxal	167.17
Pyridoxal hydrochloride	203.63
Pyridoxamine dihydrochloride	241.12
Pyridoxal phosphate	247.15
Riboflavin
Riboflavin	376.37
Sodium riboflavin phosphate
(FMN)	478.33
Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)	785.56
Thiamin
Thiamin hydrochloride	337.27
Thiamin diphosphate chloride	460.77
Thiamin mononitrate	327.36
Thiamin triphosphate	504.29
Vitamin B₁₂
Cyanocobalamin	1,355.39
Hydroxocobalamin	1,346.38
5'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin	1,579.61
NOTE: Data are based on atomic weights from Pure and Applied Chemistry (1991; 63:978-979).

Page 153 Cite Bookmark

APPENDIX TABLE 4 Conversion Factors

Element	Traditional Unit	Converted Equivalent
Vitamin A	1 international unit	0.3 µg retinol
	1 international unit	0.34 µg retinyl acetate
	1 international unit	0.55 µg retinyl palmitate
	1 international unit	0.6 µg β-carotene
	1 retinol equivalent	1 µg retinol
	1 retinol equivalent	6 µg β-carotene
	1 retinol equivalent	12 µg other provitamin A carotenoids
	1 retinol equivalent	3.33 IU vitamin A activity from retinol
	1 retinol equivalent	10 IU vitamin A activity from β-carotene
Vitamin D	1 international unit	25 ng cholecalciferol (vitamin D₃)
Vitamin E	1 international unit	1 mg all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate
	1 international unit	0.74 mg RRR-α-tocopheryl acetate
	1 international unit	0.91 mg all-rac-α-tocopherol
	1 international unit	0.67 mg RRR-α-tocopherol
Thiamin	1 international unit	3 µg thiamin hydrochloride
NOTE: These terms are now obsolete; the preferred expression is the molar concentration. SOURCE: John Edgar Smith, Penn State University, personal communication, 1994.

Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals,: Fourth Revised Edition, 1995 (1995)

Chapter: Appendix

Appendix

My Academies

Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals,: Fourth Revised Edition, 1995 (1995)

Chapter: Appendix

Appendix