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Suggested Citation: "B: Acronyms." Institute of Medicine. 1999. Fluid Resuscitation: State of the Science for Treating Combat Casualties and Civilian Injuries. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9625.

B Acronyms

ABC—

airway-breathing-circulation

ACEP—

American College of Emergency Physicians

ACTH—

adrenal corticotropin hormone

ADH—

anti-diuretic hormone

ADP—

adenosine diphosphate

AMP—

adenosine monophosphate

APACHE—

acute physiology and chronic health evaluation

APAF- 1—

apoptosis-activating factor 1

AP 1—

activator protein 1

ARDS—

acute respiratory distress syndrome

ATLS^®—

Advanced Trauma Life Support^®

ATP—

adenosine triphosphate

ATPase—

adenosine triphosphatase

BTLS—

basic trauma life support

c-Fos—

protein

c-Jun—

protein

ced C.elegens—

death gene

Ca²⁺—

calcium

CD—

family of leukocyte adhesion molecules

cGMP—

cyclic guanosine monophosphate

CINC—

cytokine-induced chemoattractant

CNS—

central nervous system

CO₂—

carbon dioxide

CPP32—

caspase 3

CPR—

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

CRADD—

a novel human apoptotic adaptor molecule for caspase-2

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DCLHb—

diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin

DFO—

desferoxamine

DHEA—

dihydroepiandrosterone

DIC—

disseminated intravascular coagulation

DNA—

deoxyribonucleic acid

DNase—

dioxyribonuclease

ECF—

extracellular fluid

eIF—

eukaryotic initiation factor

EKG—

electrocardiogram

EMS—

emergency medical services

eNOS—

endothelial nitric oxide synthase

EPR—

electron paramagnetic resonance

ER—

endoplasmic reticulum

FACS—

flow cytometry

FADD—

Fas-associated death domain

FDA—

U.S. Food and Drug Administration

Fe³⁺—

iron

FKBP12—

FK-binding protein

FLICE—

alternate name for caspase-8

GCSF—

granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

GCN2—

an eIF2α kinase

GSSH—

oxidized glutathione

H₂—

hydrogen

H₂O—

water

HES—

hydroxyethyl starch

HIV—

human immunodeficiency virus

HRI—

hemin regulated inhibitor

HSD—

hypertonic saline dextran

HTLV—

human T-cell leukemia virus

ICAM-1—

intracellular adhesion molecule 1

ICAM-2—

intracellular adhesion molecule 2

ICU—

intensive care unit

IGF—

insulin-like growth factor

IL—

interleukin

iNOS—

inducible NO synthase

IOM—

Institute of Medicine

IP-3—

inositol triphosphate

IP-3R—

inositol triphosphate receptors

IRES—

internal ribosome entry site

IRR—

insulin receptor-related receptor

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IRS-1—

insulin-receptor substrate-1

ISS—

injury severity score

IV—

intravenous

K⁺—

potassium

K ATP

potassium-adenosine triphosphate

kDa—

kilodalton

kg—

kilogram

LD₅₀—

fifty percent lethal dose

LMA—

intubating laryngeal mask airway

M—

molar

MEG—

mercaptoethylguanidine

meq—

milliequivalents

ml—

milliliters

mmHG—

millimeters of mercury

MODS—

multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome

MORT1—

a human protein that binds to the death domain of FAS/APO1 and induces apoptosis.

mosM—

milliosmolar

m⁷GTP—

where GTP is guanosine triphosphate

mRNA—

messenger ribonucleic acid

MTLS—

military trauma life support

mV—

millivolts

ρM—

micromolar

Na⁺—

sodium

NAD—

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

NADPH—

reduced nicotinamide adeninedinucleotide phosphate

NAS—

National Academy of Sciences

NEDD 2—

alternate name for caspase-2

NFκB—

nuclear factor κB

NO—

nitric oxide

NOS2—

inflammatory NO synthase

NRC—

National Research Council

NVC18

O₂—

oxygen

OH—

hydroxide ion

p53—

p53 gene

PARP—

poly(ADP ribose)polymerase

PARS—

poly(ADP ribose)synthase

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PHTLS—

pre-hospital trauma life support

PKA—

protein kinase A

PKR—

protein kinase

PNA—

polynitroxyl human serum albumin

PP—

phosphatase

RES—

reticuloendothelial system

RTS—

revised trauma score

RyR—

ryanodine receptor

ser-51—

serine at position 51

SH—

src homology

SOD—

superoxide dismutase

STAT-3—

signal transducer and activator of transcription

TNF-α—

tumor necrosis factor alpha

TNFR—

Tumor necrosis factor receptor

tRNA—

transfer ribonucleic acid

TRISS—

trauma injury severity score

Fluid Resuscitation: State of the Science for Treating Combat Casualties and Civilian Injuries (1999)

Chapter: B: Acronyms

B Acronyms

My Academies

Fluid Resuscitation: State of the Science for Treating Combat Casualties and Civilian Injuries (1999)

Chapter: B: Acronyms

B Acronyms