This short report is part of the overarching activities of the Committee on Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Sciences (CAMOS), which is constituted to support scientific progress and assist the federal government in planning of programs in these fields as addressed in the decadal survey, Manipulating Quantum Systems: An Assessment of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics in the United States (AMO2020). When requested by a sponsoring agency and as approved by the National Academies in accordance with National Academies procedures, the committee may be asked to write a report to address an issue associated with the decadal report to provide agencies with timely advice on agency progress and priorities. This sponsor-requested report seeks input on what AMO tools, techniques, and instrumentation are necessary to accelerate the development of QIS platforms for quantum computing (QC).
Report Specific Statement of Task
The Committee on Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Sciences (CAMOS) of National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, will address the following questions:

• Since the most recent atomic, molecular, and optical (AMO) physics decadal survey, Manipulating Quantum Systems, have scientific understanding or external factors (such as programmatic developments or technological advances) significantly changed the case made in the decadal for (1) broad support for basic research underlying quantum information science (QIS) platforms (which includes AMO tools, techniques, and instrumentation), and (2) focused engineering efforts to develop the most advanced QIS platforms?

• For each QIS platform, what are examples of high-priority scientific drivers which describe why researchers pursue a particular platform’s development, and how may advances in AMO research help?

• What are examples of phenomena inherent to each QIS platform that must be regularly characterized for the platform to be used for quantum computing (QC); what tools, techniques, and instrumentation will be necessary to characterize these phenomena with the relevant joint spatial and temporal resolution; and what AMO research directions would support relevant objectives?

The committee will gather input from stakeholders, including the AMO science community and government agencies dealing with AMO, the QC research community, and established and emerging commercial entities.
Overall Statement of Task for CAMOS
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine will appoint the Committee on Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Sciences (CAMOS) to support scientific progress in atomic, molecular, and optical sciences and to assist the federal government in planning programs in these fields by providing advice on the implementation of decadal survey recommendations. CAMOS provides an independent, authoritative forum for identifying and discussing issues in atomic, molecular, and optical sciences among the research community, the federal government, and the interested public, thereby serving as a unifying force in this diverse and varied field.
CAMOS’s scope also includes appropriate cross-disciplinary areas and consideration of budget and programmatic aspects of the implementation of the decadal survey undertaken by federal agencies.
CAMOS will assess progress on the most recent decadal survey of the field, and monitor the progress of its recommended priorities and critical scientific and technical activities.
When requested by a funding agency and as approved by the National Academies in accordance with National Academies procedures, CAMOS may be asked to write reports to address an issue associated with the Decadal report to provide agencies with timely advice on agency progress and implementation. After a new, separate statement of task is approved, CAMOS will gather evidence and produce a consensus report. The report may address key strategies being pursued by the agencies and the status of agency actions that relate to the state of decadal report implementation. Reports may also highlight scientific discoveries and engineering and technical advances relevant to progress on the science objectives identified in the most recent decadal survey. In addition, the reports may focus on one or more of the following types of issues:
• The scientific impact of a change in the technical and engineering design, cost estimate, schedule, or programmatic changes of one or more of the survey-recommended activities;
• The impact of a scientific advance on one or more survey-recommended activities;
• If applicable, the scientific impact of implementing recommendations from a mid-decadal review and other relevant Academies' reports.