The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine is hosting an upcoming workshop titled Enhancing Private Sector Preparedness for 21st Century Health Threats. The workshop will bring together public- and private-sector partners to discuss approaches to aligning health system incentives with the American public’s need for a healthcare system that is optimally prepared for day-to-day duties and responses to public health emergencies. Topics to be addressed include challenges around and opportunities for public–private collaboration, levers to motivate private sector investment in preparedness, and information/data elements that will improve situational awareness of system capabilities.