An ad hoc committee will organize a public workshop to consider how and why universities, industry, and government institutions engage with non-traditional research partners including but not limited to private foundations, advocacy groups, non-governmental organizations, and angel and venture capital investors across sectors. The workshop will explore the engagement models, goals, incentives, and risk tolerance of some non-traditional research partners and will discuss how their efforts intersect with those of the federal government, universities, and industry. The workshop will also consider how focused funding strategies impact the research enterprise in terms of workforce development, investigator research focus, basic science and translational research output, and the leveraging of other federal and commercial research funds. A rapporteur-authored proceedings in brief will be published.