Infant Formula: Evaluating the Safety of New Ingredients (2004)
Chapter: B Composition of Infant Formulas and Human Milk for Feeding Term Infants in the United States
TABLE B-1 Composition of Selected Formulas Marketed for Feeding to Term Infants in the United States
| Milk-Based |
| |
Component | Lactose Free | Whey Predominant | Contain DHA and ARAa |
Protein equivalent (g) | 14 | 14–16 | 14 |
Fat (g) | 31–37 | 36–37 | 36–37 |
Fatty acids | |||
DHA (%) | NAb | NA | 0.15 |
ARA (%) | NA | NA | 0.40 |
Polyunsaturated (%) | — | 22 | — |
Saturated (%) | — | 45 | — |
Monounsaturated (%) | — | 33–38 | — |
Linoleic (mg) | 8,784 | 3,360–6,205 | 5,810–6,757 |
Carbohydrate (g) | 72–74 | 71–81 | 73–74 |
Minerals | |||
Calcium (mg) | 550–568 | 423–527 | 527 |
Phosphorus (mg) | 370–378 | 263–358 | 284–358 |
Magnesium (mg) | 41–540 | 47–54 | 41–54 |
Iron (mg) | 12 | 11–12 | 12 |
Zinc (mg) | 5–7 | 4–7 | 5–7 |
Manganese (µg) | 34–101 | 51–101 | 34–101 |
Copper (µg) | 510–608 | 470–584 | 527–608 |
Iodine (µg) | 61–101 | 11–68 | 41–68 |
Selenium (µg) | 15–19 | 14–19 | 12–19 |
Sodium (mg) | 200–203 | 148–182 | 162–182 |
Potassium (mg) | 723–740 | 558–730 | 709–730 |
Chloride (mg) | 439–450 | 376–431 | 426–439 |
Vitamins | |||
Vitamin A (IU) | 2,000–2027 | 2,016–2,190 | 2,027 |
Vitamin D (IU) | 405–410 | 403–438 | 228–405 |
Vitamin E (IU) | 14–20 | 9–15 | 10–13 |
Vitamin K (µg) | 54 | 54–60 | 54 |
Thiamin (µg) | 540–676 | 438–672 | 541–676 |
Riboflavin (µg) | 950–1,014 | 946–1,008 | 946–1,014 |
Niacin (µg) | 6,800–7,095 | 5,475–6,757 | 6,757–7,095 |
Vitamin B6 (µg) | 405–410 | 405–548 | 405 |
Folic Acid (µg) | 101–108 | 50–110 | 101–108 |
Vitamin B12 (µg) | 2 | 1.3–2 | 2 |
Pantothenic acid (µg) | 3,041–3,400 | 2,117–3,378 | 3,040–3,378 |
Biotin (µg) | 20–30 | 15–35 | 20–30 |
Vitamin C (mg) | 61–81 | 57–81 | 61–81 |
Other nutrients | |||
Choline (mg) | 81–108 | 81–101 | 81–108 |
Inositol (mg) | 29–115 | 28–131 | 32–41 |
Nucleotides (mg) | — | 28–34 | — |
Potential renal solute load (mOsm/L) | 132–180 | 99–132 | 270 |
NOTE: Nutrient unit/L, unless otherwise noted. aDHA = docosahexaenoic acid, ARA = arachidonic acid. bNA = not applicable. c—= not available. SOURCE: Melanie Fairchild-Dzanis, personal communication, Nestle (August 26, 2002); IOM (1997, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004); Mead Johnson Nutritionals (1999); Ross Products Division (2001), Anna Skulimowski, personal communication, Wyeth Nutrition (August 26, 2002, and December 11, 2002). | |||
| Human Milk | Adequate Intake (per day) | ||
Isolated Soy-Protein Based | 0–6 Months | 7–12 Months | 0–6 Months | 7–12 Months |
17–20 | 11.7 | 12.1 | 9.1 | 9.9 |
33–37 | 40 | 40 | 31 | 31 |
NA | 1.58 | 1.58 | 0.5 g | 0.5 g |
NA | —c | — | — | — |
24 | 15.6 | 15.6 | 4.9 g | 5.1 g |
43 | — | — | — | — |
33 | — | — | — | — |
3,360–6,757 | 560 | 560 | 440 | 460 |
68–74 | 74 | 74 | 60 | 95 |
605–710 | 264 | 210 | 210 | 270 |
409–560 | 124 | 124 | 100 | 275 |
50–74 | 34 | 34 | 30 | 75 |
12 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.27 | — |
4–8 | 2.5 | 0.85 | 2.0 | — |
169–228 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3 | 600 |
470–804 | 250 | 200 | 200 | 220 |
60–101 | 146 | 146 | 110 | 130 |
14–19 | 18 | 18 | 15 | 20 |
202–297 | 160 | 130 | 120 | 370 |
706–810 | 500 | 500 | 400 | 700 |
376–540 | — | — | 180 | 570 |
2,000–2,077 | 1,616 | 1,616 | 1,333 | 1,666 |
402–410 | 15.9 ± 8.6 | 15.9 ± 8.6 | 200 | 200 |
9–20 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 6 | 7.5 |
52–74 | 250 | 250 | 2 | 2.5 |
402–672 | 21 ± 0.04 | 21 ± 0.04 | 20 | 30 |
608–1,008 | 35 | 35 | 30 | 40 |
5,040–9,122 | 180 | 180 | 200 | 400 |
402–420 | 13 | 13 | 10 | 30 |
50–108 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 80 |
2–3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
3,024–5,068 | 220 | 220 | 170 | 180 |
20–52 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 6 |
56–107 | 50 | 50 | 40 | 50 |
54–87 | 160 | 160 | 125 | 150 |
28–121 | — | — | — | — |
— | — | — | — | — |
130–180 | — | — | — | — |
REFERENCES
IOM (Institute of Medicine). 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
IOM. 1998. Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
IOM. 2000. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
IOM. 2001. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
IOM. 2002. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
IOM. 2004. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Mead Johnson Nutritionals. 1999. Pediatric Products Handbook. Evansville, IN: Mead Johnson.
Ross Products Division. 2001. Pediatric Nutritionals Product Guide. Columbus, OH: Ross Products Division/ Abbott Laboratories.
