1999

Carl Moyer Program

Incentive program to reduce NO_x and PM emissions (funded 7,000 projects to date)

—

EPA has no comparable program

2000

School bus program

Incentive program to retrofit or purchase improved buses (3,475 buses improved)

2004

Federal enforcement settlement with Toyota provided funding for retrofit of school buses

2004

Vehicle computer software upgrade

Required 1993-1999 trucks to modify software to reduce excessive NO_x emissions

—

EPA has no comparable program

2004

Particulate filters on refuse trucks

Reduced PM by up to 85% in residential neighborhoods

—

EPA has no comparable program

2005

Additional test procedures for certification

Reduce potential of excessive emissions during real-world driving

2007

Adopted a similar program (2 years later)

2007

First diagnostic system

Identifies failed emission control parts

—

EPA has no comparable program

1995

First small off-road engine emission standards

Improved engine design reduced emissions 30-70%

1997

EPA adopted similar program (2 years later)

2000

First small off-road engine durability requirement

Use of catalysts, advanced two-stroke design and increased use of four-stroke engines for handheld equipment. Improved engine technologies for non-handheld equipment

2001

EPA adopted similar program (1 year later)

2005

California aligned with federal standards

Improved engine design and requirements similar in all 50 states for engines smaller than 50 cc

2005

Initiated at the federal level first and then adopted by CARB

2006

First small off-road engine evaporative emission requirements

Low fuel permeation fuel tank and fuel lines and use of carbon canister

—

Federal standards in development

2007-2008

HC and NO_x standards reduced for engines greater than 80 cc in displacement

Emissions reduced by 33-38% using catalyst

—

Federal standards in development

1996

First emission standards for engines over 175 hp (130 kW)

Improved engine design technologies

1996

Adopted California requirements from 50-175 hp (37-130 kW)

1999

Carl Moyer Program

Incentive program to reduce NO_x and PM (as noted earlier 7,000 projects to date)

—

EPA has no comparable program

2000

Agreement with manufacturers to align California and federal standards

Similar requirements in all 50 states

—

EPA and CARB standards aligned

2001

Set Tier 1 outboard marine and personal watercraft engines

Improved engine technologies reducing HC and NO_x emissions by 75% from uncontrolled

2006

EPA adopted similar requirements but will not fully match California until 2006 (5 years later)

2003

Tier 1 standard for inboard and sterndrive marine engines

Improved engine technologies with minor emission reductions

—

EPA has no comparable requirement but notice of advanced rulemaking issued in 2002

2004

Tier 2 outboard marine and personal watercraft engines

Improved engine design resulting in 80% HC and NO_x emission reductions compared to uncontrolled

—

EPA has no comparable requirement

2007

Tier 2 inboard and stern drive marine engine requirements

Use of catalysts producing 67% emission reduction compared with uncontrolled

—

EPA has no comparable requirements but notice of advanced rulemaking issued in 2002

2008

Tier 3 outboard and personal watercraft engine requirements

Increases use of four-stroke engines and use of direct injection two-stroke engines

—

EPA has no comparable requirements

1971

Fuel volatility limit of 9 RVP during ozone season

Large evaporative emission reductions

1989

EPA adopted similar program (18 years later)

—

—

—

1974

Federal regulations required large service stations to sell unleaded gasoline nationwide

1976

Stage 1 and Stage 2 vapor recovery required (transfer from cargo to service station and transfer to vehicle respectively)

Evaporative emission reductions

1990

Clean Air Act amendments of 1990 set similar requirements in non-attainment areas outside of California

1992

Phase 1 of cleaner burning gasoline

Full phase-out of lead, deposit control additives, RVP of 7.8, and wintertime oxygenates

1992

EPA adopted a partial program at the same time

1993

Cleaner burning diesel fuel

Sulfur content limit of 500 ppmw and aromatic hydrocarbon limit of 10% by volume (20% for smaller refiners)

1993

EPA adopted a partial program at the same time

1996

Phase 2 of clean burning gasoline

Control of 8 major fuel properties: RVP 7.0 cap in ozone season, oxygenates, benzene limits, aromatic limits, olefin limits, sulfur limits, and 50% and 90% distillation limits

2000

EPA adopted a partial program 4 years later

2001

Enhanced Stage 1 vapor recovery (98% capture efficiency)

VOC emissions reduced

—

EPA has no similar requirement but many states have adopted the California requirement

2003

Phase 2 vapor recovery must be compatible with ORVR systems on vehicles

Improves nozzle design or processor to minimize tank pressure

—

EPA has no similar requirement but many states are adopting California requirement

2006

Reduce sulfur in diesel fuel to 15 ppmw

Enables the use of advanced after-treatment devices to meet 2007 heavy-duty vehicle requirements

2006

EPA adopted 1 year before California but not applied to nonroad sources until 2010, not to stationary sources, and no aromatic hydrocarbon limit