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Scientific Opportunities with a Rare-Isotope Facility in the United States (2007)

Chapter: Appendix C: Selected List of Operating and Planned Rare-Isotope Facilities Worldwide

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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Selected List of Operating and Planned Rare-Isotope Facilities Worldwide." National Research Council. 2007. Scientific Opportunities with a Rare-Isotope Facility in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11796.

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Selected List of Operating and Planned Rare-Isotope Facilities Worldwide

TABLE C.1 Selected List of Rare-Isotope Beam Facilities: Existing and Near-Term Capabilities in Asia, Europe, and North America

Facility	Region	Country	Type	Driver
BFRIB	Asia	China	ISOL	100 MeV, 200 µA cyclotron
HIRFL at IMP	Asia	China	IF	HI cyclotrons and storage ring and cooler
RARF at RIKEN	Asia	Japan	IF	HI linac and K540 cyclotron and K70 AVF cyclotron
RIBF at RIKEN	Asia	Japan	IF	Cascade of K520, K980, and K2500 HI cyclotrons to 440 (LI) and 350 (very HI) MeV/A
TRIAC at KEK-JAEA	Asia	Japan	ISOL	40 MeV, 3 µA tandem
VEC-RIB	Asia	India	ISOL	K130 cyclotron to 400 keV/A
CRC	Europe	Belgium	ISOL	30 MeV H⁻ cyclotron to 300 µA
DRIBS at Dubna	Europe	Russia	IF and ISOL	U400 and U400M and U200 HI cyclotrons 100 MeV/A
EURISOL	Europe	European Union	ISOL	Linac providing 1 GeV protons with up to 5 MW and multiple 100 kW targets

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Accelerated Rare-Isotope Beams	Status	Comments
SC linac proposed	Construction from 2003	Up to 10 MeV/A for RIB
	Operating driver	1100 MeV/A for ¹²C and 540 MeV/A for ²³⁸U driver
	Operating	Provides intense A < 60 RIBs
Phase II includes degraders, a gas catcher, e-RI collider, polarized RI beams, etc.	Construction	Goal of up to 100 kW of U on target, Phase I operational in 2007, Phase II proposed
18 GHz (CB-ECR) and SC RFQ and IH and SC linacs	Operating	Low-energy RNBs up to 1.1 MeV/A are currently available; RNBs from 5 to 8 MeV/A are planned
HI RFQ linac to 86 keV/A; IH linacs to 400 keV/A	Cyclotron exists, RFQ prototype operational, funded project	Photofission option for producing neutron-rich RIB under consideration; Phase 2 proposal for acceleration up to 2 MeV/A submitted
K110–Cyclone cyclotron	Operating	Up to 9 kW on target and RIBs accelerated from 0.2 to 12 MeV/A
RIB can be accelerated in U400 cyclotron.	Operating	Also uses photofission technique with the MT25 microtron
SC linac	4-year design study funded in 2005.	Continuous energies between keV/A and 100 MeV/A for m < 130

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Facility	Region	Country	Type	Driver
EXCYT at LNS	Europe	Italy	ISOL	HI SC k = 800 cyclotron up to 1.3 kW on target
FAIR at GSI	Europe	Germany	IF	Uranium to 2 GeV/A for fragmentation
GSI	Europe	Germany	IF	Uranium to 1 GeV/A
ISOLDE at CERN	Europe	European Union	ISOL	1.4 GeV synchrotron with up to 2 µA average
MAFF	Europe	Germany	ISOL	Munich Research Reactor FRM-II
SPES	Europe	Italy	ISOL	100 MeV proton beam on UC x target
SPIRAL at GANIL	Europe	France	ISOL/ IF	HI cyclotrons producing up to 95 MeV/A
SPIRAL 2 at GANIL	Europe	France	ISOL	SC linac produces 40 MeV and 5 mA deuterons; and 1 mA HI up to 14.5 MeV/A
HRIBF at ORNL	North America	United States	ISOL	42 MeV ORIC cyclotron
ISAC-I	North America	Canada	ISOL	100 µA, 500 MeV cyclotron
ISAC-II	North America	Canada	ISOL	Accelerates ISAC-I beams
NSCL at MSU	North America	United States	IF	HI coupled SC cyclotrons 80 to 160 MeV/A for LI and 90 MeV/A for U
RIA	North America	United States	ISOL/ IF	400 kW linac providing 400 MeV/A HI and LI or 900 MeV p
NOTE: BFRIB—Beijing Facility for Rare Isotope Beams; HIRFL—Heavy Ion Research Facility; IMP—Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; RARF—RIKEN Accelerator Research Facility; RIBF at RIKEN—Rare-Isotope Beam Factory at RIKEN; TRIAC at KEK-JAEA—Tokai Radioactive Ion Accelerator Complex at High Energy Accelerator Research Organization-Japan Atomic Energy Agency; VEC-RIB—Variable Energy Cyclotron Radioactive Ion Beam; CRC—Centre de Recherche du Cyclotron; DRIBS—Dubna Radioactive Ion Beams; EURISOL—European Isotope Separator On-Line; EXCYT—Exotic Nuclei Production with Cyclotron and Tandem; LNS—Laboratori Nazionali del Sud; FAIR—Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research; GSI—Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung; ISOLDE—On-Line Isotope Mass Separator; CERN—European Organization for Nuclear Research; MAFF—Munich Accelerator for Fission Fragments; SPES—Study and Production of Exotic Species; SPIRAL— Système de Production d’Ions Radioactifs en Ligne; GANIL—Grand Accélérateur National d’Ions Lourds; HRIBF—Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility; ORNL—Oak Ridge National Laboratory; ISAC—Isotope Separator and Accelerator; NSCL at MSU—National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory at Michigan State University; RIA—Rare Isotope Accelerator; ISOL— Isotope Separator On-Line; SC—superconducting; RIB—rare-isotope beam; IF—in-flight; IH—interdigital H-mode; HI—heavy ion; RFQ—radio-frequency quadrupole; AVF—azimuthally varying field; LI—light ion; RI—rare isotope; CB-ECR—charge-breeding electron cyclotron resonance; RFQ—radio-frequency quadrapole; RNB—radioactive nuclear beam; REX—Radioactive Beam Experiment; ORIC—Oak Ridge Isochronous Cyclotron.

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Accelerated Rare-Isotope Beams	Status	Comments
15 MV tandem	Operating	Negatively charged RIBs can be accelerated to ~0.2 to 8 MeV/A.
Synchrotrons	Construction to start in fall 2007.	Increase RIB intensity by up to 10,000 and energy by factor of 15 over present facility scheduled for completion in 2014
	Operating
REX-ISOLDE linac at 3.1 MeV/A	Operating	Accelerator upgraded to 3.1 MeV/A (5 MeV/A planned) and up to 4 kW on target
REX-ISOLDE concept with 3.7 to 5.9 MeV/A	Planned	ISOL using reactor neutrons as primary driver beam
SC linac to >20 MeV/A	Proposed	10¹³–10¹⁴ particles per second for mass region 80–160; A/q = 1–3
CIME Cyclotron for 1.7 to 25 MeV/A with A < 80 and 1.7 to 10 MeV/A for A~100-150	Operating	ISOL accelerated to E < 25 MeV/A with A < 80; IF produces RIB with A < 100 having E < 100 MeV/A
CIME Cyclotron for 1.7 to 25 MeV/A with A < 80 and 1.7 to 10 MeV/A for A~100-150	Construction phase	Operation planned for 2011-2012; budgeted for 130 million euros
25 MV tandem	Operating	Actinide targets used to produce neutron-rich beams
Linac to 2.0 MeV/A	Operating	Routinely operates with 35 kW primary beam power at target
SC linac brings energy to 6.5 MeV/A for A < 150	Construction	4.3 MeV/A begins operation in 2006; 6.5 MeV/A scheduled for 2009
	Operating	Gas catcher for slow beams operational, includes A1900 separator
Linac chain	Proposed	E < 20 MeV/A for reaccelerated RIBs with A < 60, 12 MeV/A for A < 240, and >20 MeV/A for in-flight RIBs

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Scientific Opportunities with a Rare-Isotope Facility in the United States (2007)

Chapter: Appendix C: Selected List of Operating and Planned Rare-Isotope Facilities Worldwide

C Selected List of Operating and Planned Rare-Isotope Facilities Worldwide

C
Selected List of Operating and Planned Rare-Isotope Facilities Worldwide