Biosocial Surveys (2008)
Chapter: 16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim
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Next Chapter: 17 Multilevel Investigations: Conceptual Mappings and Perspectives--John T. Cacioppo, Gary G. Berntson, and Ronald A. Thisted
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
Suggested Citation:
"16 Mendelian Randomization: Genetic Variants as Instruments for Strengthening Causal Inference in Observational Studies--George Davey Smith and Shah Ebrahim." National Research Council. 2008. Biosocial Surveys. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/11939.
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