Promoting Chemical Laboratory Safety and Security in Developing Countries (2010)
Chapter: Appendix D: Examples of Chemicals of Concern
D
Examples of Chemicals of Concern
The following Tables (D-1 through D-5) are examples of the types of chemicals that a laboratory would include in an inventory of Chemicals of Concern (COCs).
TABLE D-1 Chemical Weapons and Chemical Weapons Precursorsa:
Chemical of Concern | Synonym | CAS Registry Numberb |
1,4-Bis(2-chloroethylthio)-n-butane |
| 142868-93-7 |
Bis(2-chloroethylthio)methane |
| 63869-13-6 |
Bis(2-chloroethylthiomethyl)ether |
| 63918-90-1 |
1,5-Bis(2-chloroethylthio)-n-pentane |
| 142868-94-8 |
1,3-Bis(2-chloroethylthio)-n-propane |
| 63905-10-2 |
2-Chloroethylchloro-methylsulfide |
| 2625-76-5 |
Chlorosarin | O-Isopropyl methylphosphonochloridate | 1445-76-7 |
Chlorosoman | O-Pinacolyl methylphosphonochloridate | 7040-57-5 |
Chemical of Concern | Synonym | CAS Registry Numberb |
DF | Methyl phosphonyl difluoride | 676-99-3 |
Ethyl phosphonyl difluoride |
| 753-98-0 |
HN1 (nitrogen mustard-1) | Bis(2-chloroethyl)ethylamine | 538-07-8 |
HN2 (nitrogen mustard-2) | Bis(2-chloroethyl)methylamine | 51-75-2 |
HN3 (nitrogen mustard-3) | Tris(2-chloroethyl)amine | 555-77-1 |
Isopropylphosphonyl difluoride |
| 677-42-9 |
Lewisite 1 | 2-Chlorovinyldichloroarsine | 541-25-3 |
Lewisite 2 | Bis(2-chlorovinyl)chloroarsine | 40334-69-8 |
Lewisite 3 | Tris(2-chlorovinyl)arsine | 40334-70-1 |
Sulfur mustard (mustard gas (H)) | Bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide | 505-60-2 |
O-Mustard (T) | Bis(2-chloroethylthioethyl)ether | 63918-89-8 |
Propylphosphonyl difluoride |
| 690-14-2 |
QL | O-Ethyl-O-2-diisopropylaminoethyl methylphosphonite | 57856-11-8 |
Sarin | O-Isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate | 107-44-8 |
Sesquimustard | 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethylthio)ethane | 3563-36-8 |
Soman | O-Pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate | 96-64-0 |
Tabun | O-Ethyl-N,N-dimethylphosphoramido-cyanidate | 77-81-6 |
VX | O-Ethyl-S-2-diisopropylaminoethyl methyl phosphonothiolate | 50782-69-9 |
NOTE: Toxic chemicals with few or no legitimate uses, developed or used primarily for military purposes. aU.S. Chemical Weapons Convention Schedule 1; see http://www.cwc.gov/ (accessed October 28, 2009). bSee Chemical Abstract Service web site www.cas.org (accessed October 28, 2009). SOURCE: U.S. Department of Homeland Security list of Chemicals of Interest (6 CFR Part 27 Appendix to Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards; Final Rule; November 20, 2007). | ||
TABLE D-2 Explosives and Improvised Explosive Device Precursors
Chemical of Concern | Synonym | CAS Registry Number |
Aluminum (powder) |
| 7429-90-5 |
Ammonium nitrate |
| 6484-52-2 |
Ammonium perchlorate |
| 7790-98-9 |
Ammonium picrate |
| 131-74-8 |
Barium azide |
| 18810-58-7 |
Diazodinitrophenol |
| 87-31-0 |
Diethyleneglycol dinitrate |
| 693-21-0 |
Dingu | Dinitroglycoluril | 55510-04-8 |
Dinitrophenol |
| 25550-58-7 |
Dinitroresorcinol |
| 519-44-8 |
Dipicryl sulfide |
| 2217-06-3 |
Dipicrylamine [or] Hexyl | Hexanitrodiphenylamine | 131-73-7 |
Guanyl nitrosaminoguanylidene hydrazine |
|
|
Hexanitrostilbene |
| 20062-22-0 |
Hexolite | Hexotol | 121-82-4 |
HMX | Cyclotetramethylene-tetranitramine | 2691-41-0 |
Hydrogen peroxide (concentration of at least 35%) |
| 7722-84-1 |
Lead azide |
| 13424-46-9 |
Lead styphnate | Lead trinitroresorcinate | 15245-44-0 |
Magnesium (powder) |
| 7439-95-4 |
Mercury fulminate |
| 628-86-4 |
Nitrobenzene |
| 98-95-3 |
5-Nitrobenzotriazol |
| 2338-12-7 |
Nitrocellulose (not filters) |
| 9004-70-0 |
Nitroglycerine |
| 55-63-0 |
Nitromannite | Mannitol hexanitrate, wetted | 15825-70-4 |
Nitromethane |
| 75-52-5 |
Nitrostarch |
| 9056-38-6 |
Nitrotriazolone |
| 932-64-9 |
Octolite |
| 57607-37-1 |
Octonal |
| 78413-87-3 |
Pentolite |
| 8066-33-9 |
PETN | Pentaerythritol tetranitrate | 78-11-5 |
Chemical of Concern | Synonym | CAS Registry Number |
Phosphorus |
| 7723-14-0 |
Potassium chlorate |
| 3811-04-9 |
Potassium nitrate |
| 7757-79-1 |
Potassium perchlorate |
| 7778-74-7 |
Potassium permanganate |
| 7722-64-7 |
RDX | Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine | 121-82-4 |
RDX and HMX mixtures |
| 121-82-4 |
Sodium azide |
| 26628-22-8 |
Sodium chlorate |
| 7775-09-9 |
Sodium nitrate |
| 7631-99-4 |
Tetranitroaniline |
| 53014-37-2 |
Tetrazene | Guanyl nitrosaminoguanyltetrazene | 109-27-3 |
1H-Tetrazole |
| 288-94-8 |
TNT | Trinitrotoluene | 118-96-7 |
Torpex | Hexotonal | 67713-16-0 |
Trinitroaniline |
| 26952-42-1 |
Trinitroanisole |
| 606-35-9 |
Trinitrobenzene |
| 99-35-4 |
Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid |
| 2508-19-2 |
Trinitrobenzoic acid |
| 129-66-8 |
Trinitrochlorobenzene |
| 88-88-0 |
Trinitrofluorenone |
| 129-79-3 |
Trinitro-m-cresol |
| 602-99-3 |
Trinitronaphthalene |
| 55810-17-8 |
Trinitrophenetole |
| 4732-14-3 |
Trinitrophenol | Picric acid | 88-89-1 |
Trinitroresorcinol |
| 82-71-3 |
Tritonal |
| 54413-15-9 |
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Homeland Security list of Chemicals of Interest (6 CFR Part 27 Appendix to Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards; Final Rule; November 20, 2007). | ||
TABLE D-3 Weapons of Mass Effect Agents and Precursors
Chemical of Concern | Synonym | CAS Registry Number |
Arsine |
| 7784-42-1 |
Boron tribromide |
| 10294-33-4 |
Boron trichloride | Borane, trichloro | 10294-34-5 |
Boron trifluoride | Borane, trifluoro | 7637-07-2 |
Bromine chloride |
| 13863-41-7 |
Bromine trifluoride |
| 7787-71-5 |
Dinitrophenol |
| 25550-58-7 |
Dinitroresorcinol |
| 519-44-8 |
Carbonyl fluoride |
| 353-50-4 |
Chlorine pentafluoride |
| 13637-63-3 |
Chlorine trifluoride |
| 7790-91-2 |
Cyanogen | Ethanedinitrile | 460-19-5 |
Cyanogen chloride |
| 506-77-4 |
Diborane |
| 19287-45-7 |
Dichlorosilane | Silane, dichloro- | 4109-96-0 |
Dinitrogen tetroxide |
| 10544-72-6 |
Fluorine |
| 7782-41-4 |
Germane |
| 7782-65-2 |
Germanium tetrafluoride |
| 7783-58-6 |
Hexafluoroacetone |
| 684-16-2 |
Hydrogen bromide (anhydrous) |
| 10035-10-6 |
Hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) |
| 7647-01-0 |
Hydrogen cyanide | Hydrocyanic acid | 74-90-8 |
Hydrogen fluoride (anhydrous) |
| 7664-39-3 |
Hydrogen iodide, anhydrous |
| 10034-85-2 |
Hydrogen selenide |
| 7783-07-5 |
Hydrogen sulfide |
| 7783-06-4 |
Methyl mercaptan | Methanethiol | 74-93-1 |
Methylchlorosilane |
| 993-00-0 |
Nitric oxide | Nitrogen oxide (NO) | 10102-43-9 |
Nitrogen trioxide |
| 10544-73-7 |
Nitrosyl chloride |
| 2696-92-6 |
Oxygen difluoride |
| 7783-41-7 |
Perchloryl fluoride |
| 7616-94-6 |
Chemical of Concern | Synonym | CAS Registry Number |
Phosgene | Carbonic dichloride or carbonyldichloride | 75-44-5 |
Phosphine |
| 7803-51-2 |
Phosphorus trichloride |
| 7719-12-2 |
Selenium hexafluoride |
| 7783-79-1 |
Silicon tetrafluoride |
| 7783-61-1 |
Stibine |
| 7803-52-3 |
Sulfur dioxide (anhydrous) |
| 7446-09-5 |
Sulfur tetrafluoride | Sulfur fluoride (SF4), (T-4)- | 7783-60-0 |
Tellurium hexafluoride |
| 7783-80-4 |
Titanium tetrachloride | Titanium chloride (TiCl4) (T-4)- | 7550-45-0 |
Trifluoroacetyl chloride |
| 354-32-5 |
Tungsten hexafluoride |
| 7783-82-6 |
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Homeland Security list of Chemicals of Interest (6 CFR Part 27 Appendix to Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards; Final Rule; November 20, 2007). | ||
TABLE D-4 Examples of Acutely Hazardous Chemicals (Globally Harmonized System Category 1)
Chemical of Concern | Synonym | CAS Registry Number |
Acrolein | 2-Propenal or acrylaldehyde | 107-02-8 |
2-Aminopyridine |
| 462-08-8 |
Arsenic pentafluoride gas |
| 784-36-3 |
Arsine gas |
| 7784-42-1 |
Benzyl chloride |
| 100-44-7 |
Boron trifluoride | Borane, trifluoro | 7637-07-2 |
Bromine |
| 7726-95-6 |
Chlorine |
| 7782-50-5 |
Chorine dioxide | Chlorine oxide (ClO2) | 10049-04-4 |
Chlorine trifluoride |
| 7790-91-2 |
Cyanogen chloride |
| 506-77-4 |
Decaborane |
| 17702-41-9 |
Diazomethane |
| 334-88-3 |
Diborane |
| 19287-45-7 |
Dichloroacetylene |
| 79-36-7 |
Dimethylmercury |
| 593-74-8 |
Dimethyl sulfate |
| 77-78-1 |
Dimethyl sulfide |
| 75-18-3 |
Ethylene chlorohydrin |
| 107-07-3 |
Ethylene fluorohydrin |
| 371-62-0 |
Fluorine |
| 7681-49-4 |
2-Fluoroethanol |
| 371-62-0 |
Hexamethylene diiosocyanate |
| 822-06-0 |
Hydrogen cyanide | Hydrocyanic acid | 74-90-8 |
Hydrogen fluoride |
| 7664-39-3 |
Iron pentacarbonyl | Iron carbonyl (Fe (CO)5), (Tb5-11)- | 13463-40-6 |
Isopropyl formate |
| 625-55-8 |
Methacryloyl chloride |
| 920-46-7 |
Methyl acrylonitrile | 2-Propenenitrile, 2-methyl- | 126-98-7 |
Methyl chloroformate | Carbonochloridic acid, methyl ester | 79-22-1 |
Methylene biphenyl isocyanate |
| 101-68-9 |
Methyl fluoroacetate |
| 453-18-9 |
Methyl fluorosulfate |
| 421-20-5 |
Methyl hydrazine | Hydrazine, methyl- | 60-34-4 |
Chemical of Concern | Synonym | CAS Registry Number |
Methyl mercury and other organic forms |
| --- |
Methyl trichlorosilane |
| 75-79-6 |
Methyl vinyl ketone |
| 78-94-4 |
Nickel carbonyl |
| 13463-39-3 |
Nitrogen dioxide |
| 10102-44-0 |
Nitrogen tetroxide |
| 10544-72-6 |
Nitrogen trioxide |
| 10544-73-7 |
Osmium tetroxide |
| 20816-12-0 |
Oxygen difluoride |
| 7783-41-7 |
Pentaborane |
| 19624-22-7 |
Perchloromethlyl mercaptan | Methanesulfenyl chloride, trichloro- | 594-42-3 |
Phosgene | Carbonic dichloride or carbonyl dichloride | 75-45-5 |
Phosphine |
| 1498-40-4 |
Phosphorus oxychloride | Phosphoryl chloride | 10025-87-3 |
Phosphorus pentafluoride |
| 7641-19-0 |
Phosphorus trichloride |
| 7719-12-2 |
Sarin | O-Isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate | 107-44-8 |
Selenium hexafluoride |
| 7783-79-1 |
Silicon tetrafluoride |
| 7783-61-1 |
Sodium azide |
| 26628-22-8 |
Sodium cyanide (and other cyanide salts) |
| 143-33-9 |
Stibine |
| 10025-91-9 |
Sulfur monochloride |
| 10025-67-9 |
Sulfur pentafluoride |
| 10546-01-7 |
Sulfur tetrafluoride | Sulfur fluoride (SF4), (T-4)- | 7783-60-0 |
Sulfuryl chloride |
| 7791-25-5 |
Tellurium hexafluoride |
| 7783-80-4 |
Tetramethyl succinonitrile |
| 3333-52-6 |
Tetranitromethane | Methane, tetranitro- | 509-14-8 |
Thionyl chloride |
| 7719-09-7 |
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate |
| 584-84-9 |
Trichloro(chlormethyl)silane |
| 1558-25-4 |
Trimethyltin chloride |
| 1066-45-1 |
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Homeland Security list of Chemicals of Interest (6 CFR Part 27 Appendix to Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards; Final Rule; November 20, 2007). | ||
TABLE D-5 Chemicals Used in Clandestine Production of Illicit Drugs
Chemical of Concern | Target Product |
Acetic acid | Phenyl-2-propanone (P-2-P)/cocaine |
Acetic anhydride | Heroin/P-2-P/methaqualone |
Acetone | Cocaine/heroin/others |
Acetyl chloride | Heroin |
N-Acetylanthranilic acid | Methaqualone |
Ammonium formate | Amphetamines |
Ammonium hydroxide | Cocaine/others |
Anthranilic acid | Methaqualone |
Benzaldehyde | Amphetamines |
Benzene | Cocaine |
Benzyl chloride | Methamphetamine |
Benzyl cyanide | Methamphetamine |
2-Butanone (methyl ethyl ketone) | Cocaine |
Butyl acetate | Cocaine |
N-Butyl alcohol | Cocaine |
Calcium carbonate | Cocaine/others |
Calcium oxide/hydroxide | Cocaine/others |
Chloroform | Cocaine/others |
Cyclohexanone | Phencyclidine (PCP) |
Diacetone alcohol | Cocaine |
Diethylamine | Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) |
Ephedrine | Methamphetamine |
Ergometrine (ergonovine) | LSD |
Ergotamine | LSD |
Ethyl acetate | Cocaine |
Ethyl alcohol | Cocaine/others |
Ethyl amine | Ethy lamphetamine/3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine (MDE) |
Ethyl ether | Cocaine/heroin/others |
N-Ethy1ephedrine | Ethylamphetamine/MDE |
N-Ethylpseudoephedrine | Amphetamines |
Formamide | Cocaine |
Hexane | Methamphetamine |
Hydriodic (hydriotic) acid | Cocaine/heroin/others |
Hydrochloric acid | Cocaine |
Isopropyl alcohol | Cocaine |
Isosafrole | Cocaine |
Kerosene | LSD |
Lysergic acid | Cocaine |
Methyl alcohol | Methamphetamine/3,4- |
Methylamine | methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) |
Methylene chloride | Cocaine/heroin/others |
3,4-Methylenedioxyphenyl- | 3,4-MethyIenedioxyamphetamine |
2-propanone | (MDA)/MDMA/MDE |
N-Methylephedrine | Amphetamines |
N-Methylpseudoephedrine | Amphetamines |
Chemical of Concern | Target Product |
Nitroethane | Amphetamines |
Norpseudoephedrine | 4-Methylaminorex |
Petroleum ether | Cocaine/others |
Phenylacetic acid | Phenyl-2-propanone |
Phenylpropanolamine | Amphetamines/4-methylaminorex |
1-Phenyl-2-propanone | Amphetamines/methamphetamine |
Piperidine | PCP |
Piperonal | MDA/MDMA/MDE |
Potassium carbonate | Cocaine |
Potassium permanganate | Cocaine |
Propionic anhydride | Fentanyl analogues |
Pseudoephedrine | Methamphetamine |
Pyridine | Heroin |
Safrole | MDA/MDMA/MDE |
Sodium acetate | P-2-P |
Sodium bicarbonate | Cocaine/others |
Sodium carbonate | Cocaine/others |
Sodium cyanide | PCP |
Sodium hydroxide | Cocaine/others |
Sodium suifate | Cocaine/others |
Sulfuric acid | Cocaine/others |
Toluene | Cocaine |
o-Toluidine | Methaqualone |
Xylenes | Cocaine |
NOTE: Organizations may opt not to treat the commonly used chemicals on this list as COCs (e.g., acetone). SOURCE: Severick, James. 1993. Precursor and Essential Chemicals in Illicit Drug Production: Approaches to Enforcement, National Institute of Justice. http://www.popcenter.org/problems/meth_labs/PDFs/Sevick_1993.pdf (accessed July 2009). | |
