| ADE | adverse drug event |
| APUA | Alliance for Prudent Use of Antibiotics |
| ASPR | Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (Department of Health and Human Services) |
| AVA | anthrax vaccine adsorbed (a licensed anthrax vaccine) |
| BAR | BioWatch Actionable Result |
| BARDA | Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority |
| BENS | Business Executives for National Security |
| BERM | Bioterrorism and Epidemic Outbreak Response Model |
| CDC | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| CERT | Community Emergency Response Team |
| cGMP | current good manufacturing practice |
| CHC | community health center |
| CI | confidence interval |
| CRI | Cities Readiness Initiative |
| DHS | Department of Homeland Security |
| DOD | Department of Defense |
| DTD | decision to dispense |
| EPA | Environmental Protection Agency |
| EUA | Emergency Use Authorization |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
| FFDCA | Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act |
| HHS | Department of Health and Human Services |
| HIPAA | Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act |
| HoH | head of household |
| HPP | Hospital Preparedness Program |
| HRSA | Health Resources and Services Administration |
| IND | Investigational New Drug |
| IOM | Institute of Medicine |
| IV | intravenous |
| KI | potassium iodide |
| MCM | medical countermeasures |
| MCMDD | Medical Countermeasures Distribution and Dispensing |
| MDR | multi-drug-resistant |
| MERC | Medical Emergency Response Cache (New York State) |
| MOA | memorandum of agreement |
| MOU | memorandum of understanding |
| MSA | metropolitan statistical area |
| MTD | Material Threat Determination |
| NBSB | National Biodefense Science Board |
| NRC | U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission |
| OMB | Office of Management and Budget |
| PCR | polymerase chain reaction |
| PEP | postexposure prophylaxis |
| PHEP | Public Health Emergency Preparedness |
| PhRMA | Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America |
| POD | point of dispensing |
| PREP Act | Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness Act |
| QA/QC | quality assurance/quality control |
| REMS | risk evaluation and mitigation strategies |
| RSS | receiving, staging, and storage |
| SHSP | State Homeland Security Program |
| SLEP | Shelf Life Extension Program |
| SNS | Strategic National Stockpile |
| TAR | Technical Assistance Review |
| THIRA | Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment |
| UASI | Urban Area Security Initiative |
| USPS | U.S. Postal Service |
| VA | Department of Veterans Affairs |
| VMI | vendor-managed inventory |