APPENDIX A
Acronyms and Abbreviations
| ABoVE | Arctic Boreal Vulnerability Experiment |
| ACADIS | Advanced Cooperative Arctic Data and Information Service |
| ACIA | Arctic Climate Impact Assessment |
| ADCP | Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers |
| AIRS | Atmospheric Infrared Radiation Sounder |
| AMOC | Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation |
| AMSR-E | Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer—Earth Observing System |
| AMSU | Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit |
| AOFB | autonomous ocean flux buoys |
| AON | Arctic Observing Network |
| APECS | Association of Polar Early Career Scientists |
| ARM | Atmospheric Radiation Measurement |
| AUV | autonomous underwater vehicle |
| CDR | carbon dioxide removal |
| CI | cyberinfrastructure |
| CMIP5 | Coupled Model Intercomparison Project-5 |
| CODAR | coastal ocean dynamics applications radar |
| CORS | Continuously Operating Reference Station |
| CRA | Collaborative Research Action |
| CTD | conductivity, temperature, depth |
| DBO | Distributed Biological Observatory |
| DoD | Department of Defense |
| DOE | U. S. Department of Energy |
| ELOKA | Exchange for Local Observations and Knowledge in the Arctic |
| EOL | Earth Observing Laboratory |
| ET | evapotranspiration |
| FAA | Federal Aviation Administration |
| GCM | global climate model |
| GrIS | Greenland Ice Sheet |
| GNSS | Global Navigation Satellite System |
| GPM | Global Precipitation Measurement |
| GPS | Global Positioning Satellite |
| GRAV-D | Gravity for the Redefinition of the American Vertical Datum |
| HALIP | High Arctic Large Igneous Province |
| IARPC | Interagency Arctic Research Policy Committee |
| IASC | International Arctic Science Committee |
| IASSA | International Arctic Social Sciences Association |
| InSAR | Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar |
| IOOS | Integrated Ocean Observing System |
| IMB | Ice Mass Balance |
| IMO | international maritime organization |
| IPY | International Polar Year |
| IRD | ice-rafted debris |
| ITP | ice-tethered profilers |
| LEDAPS | Landsat Ecosystem Disturbance Adaptive Processing System |
| LIP | large igneous province |
| LTER | Long-Term Ecological Research |
| MIS | Marine Isotope Stage |
| MODIS | Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer |
| NASA | National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
| NCAR | National Center for Atmospheric Research |
| NGA | National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency |
| NGEE | Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiment |
| NGS | National Geodetic Survey |
| NOAA | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |
| NRC | National Research Council |
| NSF | National Science Foundation |
| NSIDC | National Snow and Ice Data Center |
| NSSI | North Slope Science Initiative |
| OOI | Ocean Observing Initiative |
| PacMARS | Pacific Marine Arctic Regional Synthesis |
| PETM | Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum |
| PPF | polar profiling floats |
| PV | photovoltaic |
| RCP | Representative Concentration Pathway |
| ROV | remotely operated vehicle |
| SAON | Sustaining Arctic Observing Networks |
| SAR | Synthetic Aperture Radar |
| SCTF | Scientific Cooperation Task Force |
| SEARCH | Study of Environmental ARctic CHange |
| SEES | Science, Engineering, and Education for Sustainability |
| SHEBA | Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean |
| SLiCA | Survey of Living Conditions in the Arctic |
| SMAP | Soil Moisture Active Passive |
| SOAR | Synthesis of Arctic Research |
| SRM | solar radiation management |
| UAV | unmanned aerial vehicle |
| UCAR | University Corporation for Atmospheric Research |
| USARC | U.S. Arctic Research Commission |
| WOC | World Ocean Council |