Sociality, Hierarchy, Health

COMPARATIVE BIODEMOGRAPHY

A COLLECTION OF PAPERS

Maxine Weinstein and Meredith A. Lane, Editors


Committee on Population
Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education

NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL
                              OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS

Washington, D.C.

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS   500 Fifth Street, NW   Washington, DC 20001

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.

This study was supported by the National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health through Contract No. 10001706, Order No. HHSN26300045. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-30661-4
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-30661-2

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president of the National Academy of Engineering.

The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president of the Institute of Medicine.

The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.

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COMMITTEE ON ADVANCES IN BIODEMOGRAPHY: CROSS-SPECIES COMPARISONS OF SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTS, SOCIAL BEHAVIORS, AND THEIR EFFECTS ON HEALTH AND LONGEVITY: A WORKSHOP

MAXINE WEINSTEIN (Chair), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Georgetown University

SUSAN ALBERTS, Department of Biology, Duke University

JEANNE ALTMANN, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University

PETER ELLISON, Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University

CALEB FINCH, Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California

HILLARD KAPLAN, Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico

MARY ANN OTTINGER, Associate Vice Chancellor / Associate Vice President for Research, University of Houston

BURTON SINGER, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida

MEREDITH A. LANE, Study Director

MARY ANN KASPER, Senior Program Assistant

COMMITTEE ON POPULATION

LINDA J. WAITE (Chair), Department of Sociology, University of Chicago

CHRISTINE BACHRACH, School of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park

JERE BEHRMAN, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

JASON H. BOARDMAN, Department of Sociology, University of Colorado, Boulder

PETER J. DONALDSON, Population Council

KATHLEEN MULLAN HARRIS, Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

MARK D. HAYWARD, Population Research Center, University of Texas, Austin

CHARLES HIRSCHMAN, Department of Sociology, University of Washington

HILLARD S. KAPLAN, Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque

WOLFGANG LUTZ, World Population Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis

ROBERT D. MARE, Department of Sociology, University of California, Los Angeles

SARA S. MCLANAHAN, Center for Research on Child Wellbeing, Princeton University

BARBARA BOYLE TORREY, Independent Consultant

MAXINE WEINSTEIN, Center for Population and Health, Georgetown University

DAVID R. WEIR, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor

JOHN R. WILMOTH, United Nations

THOMAS J. PLEWES, Director

Acknowledgment of Reviewers

The papers in this volume have been reviewed by the audience during the workshop presentations, and in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published volume as sound as possible and to ensure that the papers meet institutional standards for clarity and scientific rigor.

Review comments and draft manuscripts remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process. However, we wish to thank the following individuals for their review of papers in this volume: Elizabeth Barrett-Connor, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego; Cynthia M. Beall, Department of Anthropology, Case Western Reserve University; Dan G. Blazer, Duke University Medical Center; Christopher L. Coe, Institute on Aging and Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin; Lee T. Gettler, Department of Anthropology and Hormones, Health, and Human Behavior Lab, University of Notre Dame; Daniel Levitis, Department of Biology and Max-Planck Odense Center on the Biodemography of Aging, University of Southern Denmark; Charles Nunn, Department of Evolutionary Anthropology and Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University; Daniel Promislow, Department of Pathology and Department of Biology, University of Washington; Jacob Raber, Division of Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Sciences University; Gene E. Robinson, Institute for Genomic

Biology and Center for Advanced Study, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Arthur Robson, Department of Economics, Simon Fraser University; Olav Rueppell, Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro; Warren Sanderson, Economics Department, Stony Brook University; George Davey Smith, Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children and the MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol; and Andrew V. Suarez, Program in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation Biology, University of Illinois.

Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they did not see the final drafts of the collection of papers before its release. The review of this collection of papers was overseen by Mark D. Hayward, Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin. Appointed by the National Research Council, he was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of each paper was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures, and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of the papers in this volume rests entirely with the authors and the institution.

Contributors

SUSAN ALBERTS, Department of Biology, Duke University

JEANNE ALTMANN, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University

ELIZABETH ARCHIE, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame

AARON BLACKWELL, Department of Anthropology, University of California-Santa Barbara

ANNE BRONIKOWSKI, Ecology, Evolution, and Organismic Biology, Iowa State University

JAMES CAREY, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis

KAARE CHRISTENSEN, Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark

DAN T. A. EISENBERG, Department of Anthropology, University of Washington

PETER ELLISON, Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University

GARY FELLERS, Pt. Reyes Field Station, Pt. Reyes National Seashore

CALEB FINCH, Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California

LAURENCE GESQUIERE, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University

MICHAEL GURVEN, Department of Anthropology, University of California-Santa Barbara

PAUL HOOPER, Omidyar Fellow, Santa Fe Institute

ADRIAN JAEGGI, Department of Anthropology, University of California-Santa Barbara

FREDRIC JANZEN, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University

BRIAN JOHNSON, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis

HILLARD KAPLAN, Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico

PATRICK M. KLEEMAN, Point Reyes Field Station, Point Reyes National Seashore

CHRIS KUZAWA, Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University

MEREDITH A. LANE, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, National Research Council

RONALD LEE, Department of Demography, University of California, Berkeley

MICHAEL G. MARMOT, Epidemiology and Public Health, University College, London

DAVID A. W. MILLER, Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Pennsylvania State University

MARY ANN OTTINGER, Associate Vice Chancellor / Associate Vice President for Research, University of Houston

KAREN RYAN, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati

ROBERT SAPOLSKY, Department of Biology, Stanford University

JOAN B. SILK, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles

BURTON SINGER, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida

JONATHAN STIEGLITZ, Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico

BENJAMIN TRUMBLE, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara

JENNY TUNG, Department of Biological Sciences, Duke University

JAMES VAUPEL, Max Planck Odense Center on the Biodemography of Aging, Institute of Health, University of Southern Denmark

KENNETH WACHTER, Department of Demography, University of California, Berkeley

MAXINE WEINSTEIN, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Georgetown University

KENNETH WEISS, Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University

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