B

Committee Biographical Sketches

Carol E. H. Scott-Conner, M.D., Ph.D., M.B.A. (Chair), is a professor in the Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City. Dr. Scott-Conner received her undergraduate training in electrical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and worked as an engineer before attending medical school at New York University (NYU). In 1976, she received her M.D. from NYU, where she also completed a residency in surgery. After leaving NYU, she joined the faculty at Marshall University and then moved to the University of Mississippi. During her tenure there, she earned a Ph.D. in anatomy from the University of Kentucky and an M.B.A. In 1995, she became professor and head of surgery at the University of Iowa. Dr. Scott-Conner has been active on 22 editorial boards and has written more than 200 original papers, abstracts, reviews, and book chapters. She is certified by the National Board of Medical Examiners and the American Board of Surgery and has a certification of added qualifications in surgical critical care. Dr. Scott-Conner has served on a number of Institute of Medicine (IOM) committees, and she chairs the IOM Standing Committee on Aerospace Medicine and the Medicine of Extreme Environments.

Daniel R. Masys, M.D. (Vice Chair), is an affiliate professor of biomedical and health informatics at the University of Washington School of Medicine, where he joined the Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education in 2011. Previously, he served as a professor and the chair of the Department of Biomedical Informatics and a professor of medicine at the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine. An honors graduate of Princeton University and the Ohio State University College of Medicine, he completed postgraduate training in internal medicine,

hematology, and medical oncology at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), and the Naval Regional Medical Center, San Diego. He served as chief of the International Cancer Research Data Bank of the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, and was director of the Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, which is a computer research and development division of the National Library of Medicine. He also served as director of Biomedical Informatics at the UCSD School of Medicine, director of the UCSD Human Research Protections Program, and professor of medicine. Dr. Masys is an elected member of the Institute of Medicine (IOM). He is a diplomate of the American Board of Internal Medicine in medicine, hematology, and medical oncology. He is a fellow of the American College of Physicians and fellow and past president of the American College of Medical Informatics. Dr. Masys served as a member of the IOM Committee on Aerospace Medicine and Medicine of Extreme Environments and chaired the 2008 IOM review of NASA’s Human Research Program evidence books.

Susan A. Bloomfield, Ph.D., earned her B.S. in biology at Oberlin College (Ohio) and her M.A. in physical education (exercise physiology) at the University of Iowa. After completing a Ph.D. (exercise physiology) at Ohio State University, Dr. Bloomfield joined the faculty in the Department of Health and Kinesiology at Texas A&M University in 1993, where she currently holds the rank of professor and is director of the Bone Biology Laboratory. In addition, she serves as assistant provost in the Texas A&M Office of Graduate and Professional Studies. Her research interests focus on the integrative physiology of bone, with specific reference to adaptations to disuse, microgravity, and caloric deficiency and how the sympathetic nervous system, altered blood flow, and endocrine factors modify those adaptations. Her more recent work has focused on the independent and combined effects of partial weight bearing and simulated space radiation on the integrity of bone and muscle, involving several experiments at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Collaborations with muscle biologists have enabled definition of concurrent changes in muscle-bone pairs with disuse and/or radiation exposure. Her work has been funded by the National Space Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI), the Department of Defense, and, currently, NASA’s Space Biology Program. From 2000 to 2012, Dr. Bloomfield served as the associate lead for the Bone Loss (later, Musculoskeletal Alterations) Team within the NSBRI, and she has served on numerous NASA and European Space Agency review panels during the past 14 years. She is a member

of the Texas A&M Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences graduate faculty and is an associate member of the Texas A&M University Health Sciences Center School of Graduate Studies.

Karen S. Cook, Ph.D., is the Ray Lyman Wilbur Professor of Sociology, director of the Institute for Research in the Social Sciences, and vice provost of the Faculty Development and Diversity Office at Stanford University. She conducts research on social interaction, social networks, and trust. She has edited and co-edited a number of books in the Russell Sage Foundation Trust Series, including Trust in Society (2001); Trust and Distrust in Organizations: Emerging Perspectives; eTrust: Forming Relationships in the Online World; and Whom Can We Trust? She is coauthor of Cooperation Without Trust?, and she co-edited Sociological Perspectives on Social Psychology. In 1996 she was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and in 2007 to the National Academy of Sciences. In 2004 she received the Cooley-Mead Award from the American Sociological Association’s Social Psychology Section for career contributions to social psychology.

Sundaresan Jayaraman, Ph.D., is the Kolon Professor in the School of Materials Science and Engineering with a joint appointment in the Scheller College of Business at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, Georgia. He and his research students have made significant contributions in enterprise architecture and modeling methodologies for information systems; engineering design of intelligent textile structures and processes; and design and development of knowledge-based systems for textiles and apparel. His group’s research has resulted in the realization of the world’s first Wearable Motherboard™ or Smart Shirt. Dr. Jayaraman is currently engaged in studying the role of management and technology innovation in health care. He received his Ph.D. from North Carolina State University, in 1984, and his M.Tech. and B.Tech. degrees from the University of Madras, India, in 1978 and 1976, respectively. He was involved in the design and development of TK!Solver, the first equation-solving program from Software Arts, Inc. Dr. Jayaraman worked as a product manager at Software Arts, Inc., and at Lotus Development Corporation, before joining Georgia Tech in the fall of 1985. Professor Jayaraman is a recipient of the 1989 Presidential Young Investigator Award from the National Science Foundation for his research in the area of computer-aided manufacturing and enterprise architecture. Dr. Jayaraman serves on the National Research Council’s National Materials and Manufacturing

Board and has previously served on a number of Institute of Medicine (IOM) committees, including the IOM Committee on Personal Protective Equipment in the Workplace.

Cheryl Nickerson, Ph.D., is a professor in the School of Life Sciences, at the Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University in the Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology. Her research focuses on characterizing the effects of biomechanical forces on living cells (microbial and human), how this response is related to normal cellular homeostasis or infectious disease progression, and translation to biomedical and clinical applications. She has developed several innovative model pathogenesis systems to study these processes, including three-dimensional organotypic cell culture models to study host-pathogen interactions, and characterizing pathogen responses to physiological fluid shear forces encountered in the infected host and in the microgravity environment of spaceflight. She is a recipient of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers and of NASA’s Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal, and she was selected as a NASA astronaut candidate finalist. Her research has flown on numerous NASA Shuttle missions and on the International Space Station, and will fly on upcoming SpaceX missions. She is founding editor-in-chief of the Nature Publishing Group journal, npj Microgravity, a new multidisciplinary research journal dedicated to publishing the most important scientific advances in the life sciences, physical sciences, and engineering fields that are facilitated by spaceflight and analog platforms.

James A. Pawelczyk, Ph.D., is an associate professor of physiology, kinesiology, and medicine at Pennsylvania State University. Dr. Pawelczyk served as a payload specialist on STS-90 Neurolab (April 17 to May 3, 1998); the experiments on-board the space shuttle Columbia flight focused on the effects of microgravity on the brain and nervous system. Dr. Pawelczyk is a former member of the NASA Life Sciences Advisory Subcommittee in the Office of Biological and Physical Research, and he served as a member of NASA’s ReMaP Task Force in 2002, which was charged with reprioritizing research on the space station. Dr. Pawelczyk’s research areas include central neural control of the cardiovascular system and compensatory mechanisms to conditioning and deconditioning. He received his M.S. in physiology from Pennsylvania State University and his Ph.D. in biology (physiology) from the University of North Texas. He chaired the National Research Council (NRC)

Decadal Survey on Biological and Physical Sciences in Space: Integrative and Translational Research for the Human System Panel and chaired an Institute of Medicine (IOM) report on NASA’s directed research programs in 2012. He has served on several NRC and IOM committees and recently completed rotations on the IOM’s Committee on Aerospace Medicine and the Medicine of Extreme Environments and the NRC’s Space Studies Board.

Robert L. Satcher, Jr., M.D., Ph.D., is an assistant professor of surgical oncology at MD Anderson Cancer Center. He earned a Ph.D. in chemical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1993 and an M.D. from Harvard Medical School in 1994. His medical specialties are orthopedics and oncology, and he has done much work in treating bone cancer in adults and children. Selected as an astronaut candidate by NASA in 2004, he completed his training 2 years later. He was aboard the space shuttle Atlantis that journeyed to the International Space Station for almost 11 days in November 2009. Classified as a mission specialist, he studied the influence of zero gravity on muscles and bone density as well as the effects of space on the immune system. He also used his surgical training to install an antenna and help repair two robotic arms on the space station. Dr. Satcher is director of the eHealth Research Institute at Texas Medical Center and a member of the User Panel at the National Space and Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI). He is a frequent reviewer and adviser for medical issues related to spaceflight.

Randall Shumaker, Ph.D., is the director of the University of Central Florida’s Institute for Simulation & Training and a former Naval Research Laboratory executive. He is an expert on artificial intelligence and human-robot interactions, including in health, security, and military applications. He has also explored the challenges and comfort levels of humans accepting various roles that robots can play in society. Dr. Shumaker’s research interests include artificial intelligence, biomorphic computing methods, and advanced techniques for software development. He is a frequent reviewer and adviser for military research programs and has had significant success in transitioning research from academia into government and industry. Dr. Shumaker is the author of more than 60 scientific publications and is a frequent speaker on a variety of technical topics. Previously, he served as superintendent of the Information Technology Division of the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, DC. He

received a doctorate in computer science from the University of Pennsylvania. Dr. Shumaker is a professional engineer and a commercial pilot.

Jack Stuster, Ph.D., is the vice president and principal scientist of Anacapa Sciences, Inc., a human factors and applied behavioral sciences research firm. He received a bachelor’s degree in experimental psychology from the University of California, Santa Barbara, and master’s and Ph.D. degrees in anthropology from the same institution. Dr. Stuster is a certified professional ergonomist, specializing in the measurement and enhancement of human performance in extreme environments. He has analyzed the tasks performed by U.S. Navy SEALs, SEAL delivery-vehicle pilots and navigators, explosive ordnance disposal technicians, crews of high-speed hovercraft, maintenance personnel, and military leaders. Dr. Stuster’s work for NASA began in 1982 with a systems analysis of space shuttle refurbishing procedures, which has been followed by studies of conditions on Earth that are analogous to those found on space missions. Dr. Stuster has been awarded fellow status by the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society and the Borneo Research Society. He was a member of the Science Council of NASA’s Institute for Advanced Concepts and is now a member of the External Advisory Council of the National Space Biomedical Research Institute. He has also served on several government advisory groups, including the standing committee of the National Academies Board on Army Science and Technology to support the efforts of the Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization, for which he received a patriotic Civilian Service Commendation in 2011. He currently serves as the principal investigator of the Journals Flight Experiment and of the development of the Cultural Depot, an information-sharing system for use by special operations personnel.

Gayle E. Woloschak, Ph.D., is a professor in the Department of Radiology at the Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University. Her research interests include studies of the molecular biology of lymphocyte and motor neuron abnormalities in DNA repair–deficient mice, studies of radiation-inducible nanoparticles, and the analysis of molecular mechanisms of oncogenesis in radiation-induced tumors. She received her Ph.D. in medical sciences (microbiology) from the Medical College of Ohio and did postdoctoral training in the departments of immunology and molecular biology at the Mayo Clinic. Dr. Woloschak was a senior molecular biologist and group leader of the Biosciences Division at Ar-

gonne National Laboratory, and a senior fellow at the Nanosciences Consortium of Argonne National Laboratory–University of Chicago. She has served as a member on the National Institutes of Health’s radiation study section and on the National Research Council’s Committee on the Evaluation of Radiation Shielding for Space Exploration, and she has chaired NASA’s peer-review radiation biology committee.

Laurence R. Young, Sc.D., is professor of astronautics and professor of health sciences and technology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He was the founding director (1997–2001) of the National Space Biomedical Research Institute. Dr. Young is a full member of the International Academy of Astronautics. He received an A.B. from Amherst College; a certificate in applied mathematics from the Sorbonne in Paris, as a French government fellow; and S.B. and S.M. degrees in electrical engineering and an Sc.D. in instrumentation from MIT. He joined the MIT faculty in 1962 and co-founded the Man Vehicle Laboratory, which does research on the visual and vestibular systems, visual-vestibular interaction, flight simulation, space motion sickness, and manual control and displays. In 1991, Dr. Young was selected as a payload specialist for Spacelab Life Sciences 2. He spent 2 years in training at the Johnson Space Center and served as alternate payload specialist during the October 1993 mission. He was chairman of the Harvard–MIT Committee on Biomedical Engineering and Physics and the interdepartmental Ph.D. program in biomedical engineering, and he directs the Harvard–MIT Program in Bioastronautics. Dr. Young is a member of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) and the National Academy of Engineering and has served on many IOM and National Research Council committees, including the IOM Committee on Aerospace Medicine and the Medicine of Extreme Environments.

This page intentionally left blank.