| ACEEE | American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy |
| AEE | Advanced Energy Economy |
| AEIC | American Energy Innovation Council |
| AEO | Annual Energy Outlook |
| AMI | advanced metering infrastructure |
| APPA | American Public Power Association |
| ARPA-E | Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy |
| ARRA | American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 |
| ASCE | American Society of Civil Engineers |
| ASHRAE | American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers |
| BEETIT | Building Energy Efficiency Through Innovative Thermodevices |
| BLS | Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| BNEF | Bloomberg New Energy Finance |
| Btu | British thermal unit |
| CAFE | Corporate Average Fuel Economy |
| CBO | Congressional Budget Office |
| CCS | carbon capture and storage |
| CCSP | Climate Change Science Program |
| CEER | Council of European Energy Regulators |
| CEIR | Center for Integrative Environmental Research |
| CES-21 | California Electric Systems for the 21st Century |
| CESP | customer energy service provider |
| CHP | combined heat and power |
| CO2 | carbon dioxide |
| COP21 | 21st yearly session of the Conference of the Parties to the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change |
| C-PACE | commercial property assessed clean energy |
| CPP | Clean Power Plan |
| CSP | concentrating solar power |
| DARPA | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency |
| DELTA | Delivering Efficient Local Thermal Amenities |
| DG | distributed generation |
| DHS | Department of Homeland Security |
| DoD | Department of Defense |
| DOE | Department of Energy |
| DSM | demand-side management |
| DSO | distribution system operator |
| EAC | electricity advisory committee |
| EDA | Economic Development Agency |
| EEG | Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz (German Renewable Energy Sources Act) |
| EEI | Edison Electric Institute |
| EERE | Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy |
| EERS | energy-efficiency resource standard |
| EIA | Energy Information Administration |
| ELCON | Electric Consumers Resource Council |
| ELI | Environmental Law Institute |
| EOR | enhanced oil recovery |
| EPA | Environmental Protection Agency |
| EPACT | Energy Policy Act of 2005 |
| EPRI | Electric Power Research Institute |
| ERCOT | Electric Reliability Council of Texas |
| ESCO | energy service company |
| ESPC | energy savings performance contract |
| ETIS | energy technology innovation system |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
| FEMP | Federal Energy Management Program |
| FERC | Federal Energy Regulatory Commission |
| FTC | Federal Trade Commission |
| FY | fiscal year |
| GAO | Government Accountability Office |
| GB | Great Britain |
| GDP | gross domestic product |
| GENI | Green Electricity Network Integration |
| GHG | greenhouse gas |
| GPT | general-purpose technology |
| GSA | General Services Administration |
| GW | gigawatt |
| GWh | gigawatt hours |
| HECA | Hydrogen Energy California Project |
| HUD | Department of Housing and Urban Development |
| HVAC | heating, ventilation, and air conditioning |
| HVDC | high-voltage, direct current |
| IAEA | International Atomic Energy Agency |
| ICC | International Commerce Commission |
| ICS-CERT | Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team |
| IDC | intangible drilling cost |
| IDDRI | Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations |
| IEA | International Energy Agency |
| IECC | Interventional Energy Conservation Code® |
| IEEE | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers |
| IGCC | integrated gasification (coal)-combined cycle |
| IOU | investor-owned electric company |
| IPCC | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
| IRC | Internal Revenue Code |
| IRM | Innovation Roll-out Mechanism |
| IRS | Internal Revenue Service |
| ISO | independent system operator |
| ITC | investment tax credit |
| kWh | kilowatt hour |
| LACE | levelized avoided cost of electricity |
| LBD | learning by doing |
| LBS | learning by (re)searching |
| LBW | learning by waiting |
| LCOE | levelized cost of electricity |
| LED | light-emitting diode |
| LEED | Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design |
| LLNL | Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory |
| LTC | load tap changer |
| LWR | light water reactor |
| MACRS | Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System |
| MEPS | minimum efficiency performance standards |
| METI | Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan) |
| MHK | marine hydrokinetic |
| MIT | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| MLP | master limited partnership |
| MMBtu | 1 million British thermal units |
| MMcf | 1 million cubic feet |
| Mtpa | million tons per annum |
| MW | megawatt |
| MWh | megawatt hour |
| NAE | National Academy of Engineering |
| NAECA | National Appliance Energy Conservation Act |
| NAM | National Academy of Medicine |
| NAREIT | National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts |
| NARUC | National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners |
| NAS | National Academy of Sciences |
| NASA | National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
| NCRDS | National Coal Resources Data System |
| NEI | Nuclear Energy Institute |
| NEMS | National Energy Modeling System |
| NERC | North American Electric Reliability Corporation |
| NETL | National Energy Technology Laboratory |
| NGO | nongovernmental organization |
| NH3 | ammonia |
| NIA | Network Innovation Allowance |
| NIC | Network Innovation Competition |
| NIST | National Institute of Standards and Technology |
| NMSS | Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards |
| NNATCET | National Network for Advancing Translational Clean Energy Technologies |
| NNMI | National Network for Manufacturing Innovation |
| NOx | oxide of nitrogen |
| NRC | National Research Council |
| NREL | National Renewable Energy Laboratory |
| NSF | National Science Foundation |
| O&M | operations and maintenance |
| OECD | Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development |
| Ofgem | Office of Gas and Electric Markets (United Kingdom) |
| PAA | Price-Anderson Act |
| PACE | property assessed clean energy |
| PCAST | President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology |
| PLR | private letter ruling |
| PM | particulate matter |
| PNNL | Pacific Northwest National Laboratory |
| PPA | power purchase agreement |
| PSERC | Power Systems Engineering Research Center |
| PTC | production tax credit |
| PV | photovoltaic |
| R&D | research and development |
| RAP | Regulatory Assistance Project |
| RD&D | research, development, and demonstration |
| REC | renewable energy credit |
| REIDI | regional energy innovation and development institute |
| REIT | real estate investment trust |
| REV | “Reforming the Energy Vision” |
| RFF | Resources for the Future |
| RFI | request for information |
| RIDF | Regional Innovation Demonstration Fund |
| RIIO | Revenue set to deliver strong Incentives, Innovation and Outputs |
| RNM | reference network model |
| RPS | renewable portfolio standard |
| RTO | regional transmission organization |
| SBA | Small Business Administration |
| SBIC | Small Business Investment Company (program) |
| SBIR | Small Business Innovation Research |
| SDSN | Sustainable Development Solutions Network |
| SEIA | Solar Energy Industries Association |
| SF6 | sulfur hexafluoride |
| SMR | small modular reactor |
| SOx | oxide of sulfur |
| SWITCHES | Strategies for Wide-Bandgap, Inexpensive Transistors for Controlling High-Efficiency Systems |
| TCEP | Texas Clean Energy Project |
| TRL | technology readiness level |
| U.S. NRC | U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission |
| UAE | United Arab Emirates |
| UESC | utility energy service contract |
| UN | United Nations |
| UNFCCC | United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change |
| USGS | United States Geological Survey |