| AABW | Antarctic bottom water |
| ACC | Antarctic Circumpolar Current |
| ASL | Amundsen Sea Low |
| CESM | Community Earth System Model |
| CFC | chlorofluorocarbon |
| CMIP5 | Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 |
| CO2 | carbon dioxide |
| CP | El Niño Modoki |
| EM | electromagnetic |
| ENSO | El Niño–Southern Oscillation |
| Envisat | Environmental satellite |
| EP | Canonical El Niño |
| ERA | European reanalysis |
| ERS | European Remote Sensing |
| ESMR | Electrically Scanning Microwave Radiometer |
| GHG | greenhouse gas |
| ICESat | Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite |
| IPCC | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
| MIZ | marginal ice zone |
| MODIS | Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer |
| MPAS | Model for Prediction Across Scales |
| MSA | methanesulfonic acid |
| MSLP | mean sea level pressure |
| NASA | National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
| NCAR | National Center for Atmospheric Research |
| PSA | Pacific South American |
| SAM | Southern Annular Mode |
| SOSE | Southern Ocean State Estimate |
| SST | sea surface temperature |
| UCDW | Upper Circumpolar Deep Water |
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