| AEA | Atomic Energy Act of 1954 |
| ALARA | As low as reasonably achievable |
| ANDRA | Agence nationale pour la gestion des déchets radioactifs (National Agency for Radioactive Waste Management, France) |
| ANPR | Advance Notice of Public Rulemaking |
| BDF | Barnwell Disposal Facility |
| Bq/g | Becquerels per gram |
| BTP | U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s Branch Technical Position on Concentration Averaging and Encapsulation |
| BWXT | BWX Technologies, Inc. |
| CANDU | CANada Deuterium Uranium reactor |
| CEAA | Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency |
| CERCLA | Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, known also as Superfund |
| CFR | Code of Federal Regulations |
| CIRES | Centre industriel de regroupement, d’entreposage et de stockage facility (France) |
| CNSC | Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission |
| CRCPD | Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors, Inc. |
| CSA | Centres de stockage de l’Aube (France) |
| CSFMA | Centre de stockage des déchets à faible et moyenne activité et à vie courte |
| CSM | Centre [de stockage] de la Manche (France) |
| CSTFA | Centre de stockage des déchets à très faible activité |
| DAW | Dry active waste |
| DHEC | South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control |
| DNFSB | Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board |
| DOE | U.S. Department of Energy |
| DUF6 | Depleted uranium hexafluoride |
| DU3O8 | Depleted uranium oxide |
| EIS | Environmental impact statement |
| EPAct | Energy Policy Act of 2005 |
| EPA | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency |
| EPRI | Electric Power Research Institute |
| g/m3 | Gram per cubic meter |
| GSG | IAEA General Safety Guide |
| GSR | IAEA General Safety Requirement |
| GTCC | Greater-Than-Class C |
| HEPA | High-efficiency particulate air |
| IAEA | International Atomic Energy Agency |
| ICRP | International Commission on Radiological Protection |
| IMPEP | U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s Integrated Materials Performance Evaluation Program |
| ILW | Intermediate-level waste |
| KAPL | Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory |
| L&ILW | Low- and Intermediate-Level Wastes |
| LANL | Los Alamos National Laboratory |
| LLRW | Low-level radioactive waste |
| LLRWMO | Low-Level Radioactive Waste Management Office |
| LLRWPA | Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Act of 1980 |
| LLRWPA | |
| amendments | Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Act Amendments of 1985 |
| LLW | Low-level radioactive waste or low-level waste |
| MARSSIM | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Multi-Agency Radiation Survey and Site Investigation Manual |
| MLLW | Mixed low-level waste |
| MOX | Mixed oxide |
| mrem/yr | Millirem per year |
| mSv/yr | Milliseiverts per year |
| MT | metric ton |
| nCi/g | Nanocuries per gram |
| NCRP | National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements |
| NDEP | Nevada Division of Environmental Protection |
| NEPA | National Environmental Policy Act |
| NNSA | National Nuclear Security Administration |
| NNSS | Nevada National Security Site |
| NORM | Naturally occurring radioactive material |
| NPP | Nuclear power plant |
| NPV | Net present value |
| NRC | U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission |
| NWMO | Nuclear Waste Management Organization |
| NWPA | Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 |
| OAS | Organization of Agreement States |
| OMB | U.S. Office of Management and Budget |
| OPG | Ontario Power Generation |
| OSRP | National Nuclear Security Administration’s Off-Site Source Recovery Program |
| PAG | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Protective Action Guideline |
| PE-g | Plutonium equivalent grams |
| PHAI | Port Hope Area Initiative |
| PUREX | Plutonium and uranium recovery by extraction |
| PVP | Property Value Protection |
| RCRA | Resource Conservation and Recovery Act |
| REDOX | Reduction oxidation process |
| ROD | Record of decision |
| RTG | Radioisotope thermoelectric generator |
| SCATR | U.S. Department of Energy’s Source Collection and Threat Reduction (Program) |
| SECY | Office of the Secretary (of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission) |
| SPRU | Separations Process Research Unit |
| TCLP | Toxicity characteristic leaching procedures |
| TENORM | Technically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive material |
| TRU | Transuranic |
| TSCA | Toxic Substances Control Act |
| UF | Used fuel |
| UF6 | Uranium hexafluoride |
| U3O8 | Uranium oxide |
| U.S. | United States |
| USGS | U.S. Geological Survey |
| USNRC | U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission |
| VLLW | Very low-level waste |
| WAC | Waste acceptance criteria |
| WCS | Waste Control Specialists, LLC |
| WIPP | Waste Isolation Pilot Plant |