TABLE A.1 Examples of Social Science–Related Research Funded by the Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research-Office of Weather and Air Quality (OWAQ)
| Funding/Project Type | Project Title | Lead Project PI(s), Institution(s) |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 Awards | ||
| Contract | Advancing Social and Behavioral Science Research and Application within the Weather Enterprise | National Academy of Sciences |
| NSF Supplemental Award | Supplement to NSF award “Collaborative Research: Online Hazard Communication in the Terse Regime” | Jeannette Sutton, University of Kentucky Carter Butts, UC-Irvine |
| NSF Supplemental Award | Supplement to NSF award “Improving Public Response to Weather Warnings” | Susan Joslyn, University of Washington |
| NSF Supplemental Award | Supplement to NSF award “Next Generation, Resilient Warning Systems for Tornadoes and Flash Floods” | Brenda Philips, University of Massachusetts Joseph Trainor, University of Delaware |
| VORTEX-Southeast | Improving Risk Communication and Reducing Vulnerabilities for Dynamic Tornado Threats in the Southeastern U.S. | Julie Demuth, National Center for Atmospheric Research Keith Anderson, Mesoscale and Microscale Meteorology Laboratory |
| VORTEX-Southeast | Lay Judgments of Environmental Cues That Signal a Tornado | Stephen Broomell and Gabrielle Wong-Parodi, University of Pennsylvania |
1 NOAA = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; NSF = National Science Foundation; DHS = Department of Homeland Security.
| Funding/Project Type | Project Title | Lead Project PI(s), Institution(s) |
|---|---|---|
| VORTEX-Southeast | Collaborative Research: Understanding How Uncertainty in Severe Weather Information Affects Decisions (Part 2) | Daphne LaDue, Jack Friedman, and Laura Myers, University of Oklahoma |
| VORTEX-Southeast | Convective mode and Tennessee tornadoes: Climatology, warning procedures, and false alarm rates | Kelsey Ellis and Lisa Mason, University of Tennessee |
| 2015 Awards | ||
| VORTEX-Southeast | Tornado Warning Response in the Southeast: Advancing Knowledge for Action in Tennessee | Kelsey Ellis and Lisa Mason, University of Tennessee |
| VORTEX-Southeast | Multi-disciplinary Investigation of Concurrent Tornadoes and Flash Floods in the Southeastern U.S. | Russ Schumacher, Colorado State |
| VORTEX-Southeast | Complacency and False Alarms in Tornado Affected Communities | Michael Egnoto, University of Maryland |
| VORTEX-Southeast | Collaborative Research: Understanding How Uncertainty in Severe Weather Information Affects Decisions (Part 1) | Daphne LaDue, Jack Friedman, and Laura Myers, University of Oklahoma |
| 2014 Awards | ||
| Cooperative Agreement | Workshop: Life and Death Decisions: An Integrative Approach to Understanding and Mitigating the Impacts of Extreme Weather | Lans Rothfusz, National Severe Storms Laboratory |
| Open competition - R2O | Refinement and Evaluation of Automated High-Resolution Ensemble-Based Hazard Detection Guidance Tools for Transition to NWS Operations | Stan Benjamin, NOAA Global Systems Division |
| Open competition - R2O | Probability of What? Understanding and Conveying Uncertainty Through Probabilistic Hazard Services | Tracy Hansen, NOAA Global Systems Division, National Severe Storms Laboratory |
| HWT | Comparing Subjective and Objective Evaluation of Forecasts for Severe Thunderstorms | Harold Brooks, National Severe Storms Laboratory |
| HWT | Testing and Evaluation of Experimental Probabilistic Hazard Information with Decision Makers | Chris Karstens, Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies |
| Funding/Project Type | Project Title | Lead Project PI(s), Institution(s) |
|---|---|---|
| 2012 Awards | ||
| Open competition - SSWR | The Impact of Uncertainty Information on Tornado Warning Response: Developing Recommendations for Warning Best Practices | Kim Klockow and Renee McPherson, University of Oklahoma |
| Open competition - SSWR | Flood Risk and Uncertainty: Assessing the National Weather Service’s Forecast and Warning Tools | Rachel Hogan Carr, Nurture Nature Center |
| Open competition - SSWR | Social and Behavioral Influences on Weather-Driven Decisions | Ken Galluppi and Burrell Montz, Arizona State |
| Open competition - SSWR | Utilization of Real-Time Social Media Data in Severe Weather Events: A Proposal to Evaluate the Prospects of Social Media Data Use for Severe Weather Forecasting, Communication, and Post-Event Assessments | Carol Silva, University of Oklahoma |
| MRMS | The Phased Array Radar Innovative Sensing Experiment (PARISE) | Pam Heinselman, National Severe Storms Laboratory |
| 2006-2012 Awards | ||
| Cooperative Agreement | Societal Impacts Program | Jeff Lazo, National Center for Atmospheric Research |
| Cooperative Agreement | Integrated Solutions: Environment and Health Series | Bill Hooke, American Meteorological Society |
| Cooperative Agreement | Social Science Woven Into Meteorology | Eve Gruntfest, National Severe Storms Laboratory/Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies |
| MRMS | Impact of High-temporal Resolution PAR Data on Warning Decision Making | Pam Heinselman, National Severe Storms Laboratory |
NOTE: HWT = Hazardous Weather Testbed; MRMS = Multi-Radar/Multi-Sensor; NSF = National Science Foundation; NWS = National Weather Service; PAR = phased array radar; PI = Principal Investigator; R2O = Research to Operations; SSWR = Safe and Sustainable Water Resources.
TABLE A.2 Examples of Social Science–Related Research Funded by the National Weather Service (NWS)
| Funding/Project Type | Project Title | Lead Project PI(s), Institution(s) |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 Awards | ||
| BPA | Social and Economic Effects of Severe Weather Storms: NYC Case Study | Jeff Lazo, Abt Associates |
| BPA | Cost Modification: Social and Economic Effects of Severe Weather Storms: NYC Case Study | Jeff Lazo, Abt Associates |
| BPA | Social and Economic Effects of Space Weather | Matthew Ranson, Daniel Baker, and Kevin Forbes, Abt Associates |
| BPA | Rip Current Visualization | Burrell Montz, East Carolina University |
| BPA | Support for NWS Phaze IV Hazard Simplification | Gina Eosco, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| BPA | Identifying Key Partners/Users of Weather Prediction Center Products & Mapping Related User Decision-Making | Gina Eosco, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| BPA | Communicating Probabilistic Information for Decision Makers: A Case Study Using Experimental Snow Forecast Products | Gina Eosco and Susan Joslyn, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| BPA | Stakeholder Engagement to Validate Water Resources Information and Services Needs and Gather Feedback on NOAA’s NWS Initial Water Resources Services Capability | Arleen O’Donnell, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| BPA | Social Science Evaluation of National Water Center Hydrologic Ensemble Forecast Service and National Water Model Output and Technical Support Services | Arleen O’Donnell, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| BPA | Assessing Fire Weather Services From the Public Perspective | Gina Eosco, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| BPA | Cost Modification: Support for Effective Communication of SPC Day 1 Outlook with Increased Temporal and Spatial Resolution | Rebecca Morss, Abt Associates |
| Funding/Project Type | Project Title | Lead Project PI(s), Institution(s) |
|---|---|---|
| BPA | Cost Modification: Support for Haz Simp III | Gina Eosco, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| CSTAR | Major Risks, Uncertain Outcomes: Making Ensemble Forecasts Work for Multiple Audiences | Burrell Montz, East Carolina University Rachel Hogan Carr, Nurture Nature Center |
| Cooperative Institute - NGI | National Weather Service Social Science Curriculum Delivery FY17 | Laura Myers, NGI |
| Cooperative Institute - NGI | NOAA Weather Radio All Hazards Network Transformational Change Stakeholder Engagement Phase One | Laura Myers, NGI |
| Cooperative Institute - NGI | NOAA Weather Information and Dissemination All Hazards Stakeholder Needs Assessment Verification Project (Phase Two) | Laura Myers, NGI |
| Cooperative Institute - CICS | Identifying Users, Diagnosing Understandability Challenges, and Developing Prototype Solutions for NOAA Climate Prediction Center’s Temperature and Precipitation Outlooks | Michael Gerst, Melissa Kenney, and Allison Baer, CICS |
| Contract | Continuous surveys to measure customer satisfaction of NWS services based on the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) | Douglas Young and Salvatore Romano, CFI Group |
| Contract | Advancing Social and Behavioral Science Research and Application within the Weather Enterprise | National Academy of Sciences |
| 2015 Awards | ||
| IDIQ | Cost Modification: Support for Phase 2 Hazard Simplification | Gina Eosco, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| BPA | Support for NWS Impact Based Warnings | Joe Ripberger, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| BPA | Support for NWS Hurricane Local Impact Local Statement/Tropical Cyclone Valid Time Event Code and Hurricane Threat and Impacts Graphics | Betty Morrow, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| Funding/Project Type | Project Title | Lead Project PI(s), Institution(s) |
|---|---|---|
| BPA | Support for NWS Phase 3 Hazard Simplification | Gina Eosco, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| BPA | Support for Effective Communication of SPC Day 1 Outlook with Increased Temporal and Spatial Resolution | Rebecca Morss, Abt Associates |
| Cooperative Institute - NGI | Certificate Program Curriculum Development in Social Science Applications for Meteorologists | Laura Myers, NGI |
| Contract | Continuous surveys to measure customer satisfaction of NWS services based on ACSI | Douglas Young and Salvatore Romano, CFI Group |
| 2014 Awards | ||
| IDIQ | Weather Ready Nation Societal Outcome Performance Measures | Lou Nadeau, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| IDIQ | Onset of Tropical Storm Force Winds | Betty Morrow, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| IDIQ | Support for Phase 2 Hazard Simplification | Gina Eosco, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| IDIQ | Surge and Inundation Social Science Research (Extratropical and Assessment of Potential Storm Surge Graphic) | Betty Morrow, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| Contract | Annual survey to measure customer satisfaction of NWS services based on ACSI | Douglas Young and Salvatore Romano, CFI Group |
| 2013 Awards | ||
| IDIQ | Stakeholder Engagement to Document Information and Service Needs and Demonstrate Integrated Water Resources Science and Services for River Basin Commissions | Arleen O’Donnell, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| IDIQ | Support for the National Weather Service Hurricane Local Statement and Hazard Simplification | Betty Morrow, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| Funding/Project Type | Project Title | Lead Project PI(s), Institution(s) |
|---|---|---|
| IDIQ | Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program SocioEconomic Research and Recommendations | Betty Morrow, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| Contract | Annual survey to measure customer satisfaction of NWS services based on ACSI | Douglas Young and Salvatore Romano, CFI Group |
| 2012 Awards | ||
| IDIQ | Stakeholder Engagement to Demonstrate Integrated Water Resources Science and Services for River Basin Commissions in the Mid-Atlantic | Arleen O’Donnell, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| Open competition - SSWR | The Impact of Uncertainty Information on Tornado Warning Response: Developing Recommendations for Warning Best Practices | Kim Klockow and Renee McPherson, University of Oklahoma |
| Open competition - SSWR | Social and Behavioral Influences on Weather-Driven Decisions | Ken Galluppi and Burrell Montz, Arizona State |
| Contract | Annual survey to measure customer satisfaction of NWS services based on ACSI | Douglas Young and Salvatore Romano, CFI Group |
| 2011 Awards | ||
| IDIQ | Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program SocioEconomic Research and Recommendations Storm Surge Research Project | Betty Morrow, Eastern Research Group, Inc. |
| Report on Tsunami Warning Center Warning Products Proposed and Existing Guidelines for Recognition in the NWS TsunamiReady® Community Program | Eastern Tennessee State University | |
| Contract | Annual survey to measure customer satisfaction of NWS services based on ACSI | Douglas Young and Salvatore Romano, CFI Group |
| 2010 Awards | ||
| Prototypes of Weather Information Impacts on Emergency Management | Burrell Montz, RENCI | |
| Funding/Project Type | Project Title | Lead Project PI(s), Institution(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Hurricane Forecast Improvement Project & Economic Valation | Daniel Sutter | |
| Assessing the Value of Climate Information in Agriculture Using a Stochastic Production Frontier | David Letson, University of Miami | |
| Contract | Annual survey to measure customer satisfaction of NWS services based on ACSI | Douglas Young and Salvatore Romano, CFI Group |
| 2009 Awards | ||
| Forecast-At-A-Glance Webpage Project | Julie Demuth, National Center for Atmospheric Research - The Societal Impacts Program | |
| 2008 Awards | ||
| Improving the Display of River and Flash Flood Predictions | Aptima | |
| 2004 Awards | ||
| Evaluation of NWS Flood Severity Categories and Use of Gage Station Flood History Information | David Ford, David Ford Consulting Engineers, Inc. | |
| Probability Focus Groups | Sheri Teodoru, CFI Group | |
NOTE: ACSI = American Customer Satisfaction Index; BPA = Blanket Purchase Agreement; CICS = Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites; CSTAR = Collaborative Science Technology, and Applied Research Program; IDIQ = Indefinite Delivery Indefinite Quantity; NGI = Northern Gulf Institute; PI = Principal Investigator; SPC = Storm Prediction Center; SSWR = Safe and Sustainable Water Resources.
TABLE A.3 Examples of Weather-Related Research Funded by the NSF Directorate for Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences (SBE)
| Program | Project Title | Lead Project PI(s) | NSF Award # |
|---|---|---|---|
| SEES Fellows, SEES Hazards | Hazards SEES Type 2: Modeling to Promote Regional Resilience to Repeated Heat Waves and Hurricanes | Seth Guikema | 1331399 |
| Decision Risk and Management Sci | Distinguishing Two Dimensions of Subjective Uncertainty | Craig Fox | 1427469 |
| Decision Risk and Management Sci | Collaborative Research: Multi-scale Modeling of Public Perceptions of Heat Wave Risk | Peter Howe, Jennifer Marlon | 1459903 1459872 |
| Sociology | Collaborative Research: Community Reactions to Extreme Weather Events | Hilary Boudet, Doug McAdam | 1357055 1357068 |
| Geography and Spatial Sciences | Doctoral Dissertation Research: Weather Risk, Climate Adaptation and Farmer Decision Making in the Southwestern United States | Matthew Turner | 1459175 |
| Economics | CAREER: Economic Theory, Testing of Theories | Wojciech Olszewski | 644930 |
| Perception, Action, and Cognition | CAREER: Flexible Resource Allocation and Efficient Coding in Human Vision | George Alvarez | 953730 |
NOTE: CAREER = Faculty Early Career Development Program; SEES = Science, Engineering, and Education for Sustainability.
TABLE A.4 Examples of Weather-Related Research with a Social or Behavioral Science Component Funded by the NSF Directorate for Engineering (ENG)
| Program | Project Title | Lead Project PI(s) | NSF Award # |
|---|---|---|---|
| SEES Hazards, Infrastructure Management and Extreme Events | Hazards SEES: Bridging Information, Uncertainty, and Decision-Making in Hurricanes Using an Interdisciplinary Perspective | Satish Ukkusuri | 1520338 |
| Infrastructure Management and Extreme Events | Structures of Long-Term Disaster Recovery: Organizational Roles and Collaboration in Six Cities | Michelle Meyer | 1434957 |
| Infrastructure Management and Extreme Events | Collaborative Research: An Integrated Approach to Measuring Dynamic Economic Resilience Following Disasters | Adam Rose, Kathleen Tierney | 1363437, 1363409 |
| Infrastructure Management and Extreme Events | RAPID: Network Improvisation in Emergency Response: An Application to Debris Removal Operations | David Mendonca | 1313589 |
| Special Studies and Analyses | RAPID: Post-Disaster Risk Redefinition in Small New Jersey Municipalities During the Initial Recovery Period following Super Storm Sandy | James Mitchell | 1324792 |
NOTE: RAPID = Rapid Response Research; SEES = Science, Engineering, and Education for Sustainability.
TABLE A.5 Total Funding for National Science Foundation–Funded Weather-Related Projects Active in 2016 Related to Concepts Such as Perception, Behavior, Communication, Decision Making, or Action
| National Science Foundation (NSF) Weather-Related Awards That Include SBS Research | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimated Total Funding by Directorate (for projects active in 2016) | Example Project Supported by This Directorate | Lead Project PI(s) | NSF Award # | |
| CSE | $4.3 million | CGV: Large: Collaborative Research: Modeling, Display, and Understanding Uncertainty in Simulations for Policy Decision Making | Donald House Mary Hegarty Michael Lindell Ross Whitaker |
1212501 1212577 1540469 1212806 |
| EHR | $3 million | NRT: Coastal Climate Risk and Resilience (C2R2) | Robert Kopp III | 1633557 |
| ENG | $17.7 million | CRISP Type 2/Collaborative Research: Critical Transitions in the Resilience and Recovery of Interdependent Social and Physical Networks | Laura Siebeneck | 1638317 |
| GEO | $11.2 million | Hazard SEES: An Integrated Approach to Risk Assessment and Management in Responding to Land Falling Hurricanes in a Changing Climate | Ning Lin | 1520683 |
| SBE | $16.4 million | Urban Resilience to Extreme Weather Related Events | Charles Redman | 1444755 |
| Total | $52,704,970 | |||
NOTES: The list is in order of the directorate managing the project; funding may be contributed by other directorates or agencies. Also shown is one relevant example of current NSF awards (active as of end of 2016) from each directorate; the award amounts for these individual examples are not provided here but are available through the public NSF web-based award search. Results were screened by hand to restrict to those with an SBS element.
CGV = Computer Graphics and Visualization; CRISP = Critical Resilient Interdependent Infrastructure Systems and Processes; CSE = Directorate For Computer and Information Science and Engineering; EHR = Directorate For Education and Human Resources; ENG = Directorate For Engineering; GEO = Directorate For Geosciences; SBE = Directorate For Social, Behavioral and Economic Science; SEES = Science, Engineering, and Education for Sustainability.
Some examples of research projects relevant to SBS-weather concerns being supported through the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) current Centers of Excellence are presented below.
TABLE A.6 Examples of Weather-Related Research with a Social or Behavioral Science Component Funded by the Coastal Resilience Center of Excellence (CRC), Led by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| Lead Project PI | Institution | Project Title |
|---|---|---|
| Larry Atkinson | Old Dominion University | A Tool to Measure Community Stress to Support Disaster Resilience Planning |
| James Prochaska | University of Rhode Island | Communicating Risk to Motivate Individual Action |
| James Opaluch | University of Rhode Island | Overcoming Barriers to Motivate Community Action to Enhance Resilience |
| Isaac Ginis | University of Rhode Island | Modeling the Combined Coastal and Inland Hazards from High-Impact Hypothetical Hurricanes |
| Rachel Davidson | University of Delaware | An Interdisciplinary Approach to Household Strengthening and Insurance Decision |
SOURCE: Homeland Security University Programs Network. (2017). Coastal Resilience Center. Retrieved May 16, 2017, from https://www.hsuniversityprograms.org/centers/crc-coastal-resilience.
TABLE A.7 Examples of Weather-Related Research with a Social or Behavioral Science Component Funded by the National Center for Risk and Economic Analysis of Terrorism Events (CREATE), Led by the University of Southern California
| Lead Project PI | Institution | Project Title |
|---|---|---|
| David Weiss | California State University-Los Angeles | Analyzing Project Behavioral and Emotional Responses to Terrorism Events |
| Richard Zeckhauser | John F. Kennedy School of Government | Communicating Probability in Intelligence Analysis and Homeland Security |
| John Richard | University of Southern California | Dynamics of Public Fears, Beliefs, and Avoidance Behavior |
| William Burns | University of Southern California | Examining the Potential of Using Twitter Data to Study Public Response to Terrorist Threats |
| Robin Dillon-Merrill | Georgetown University | Including Perceptions of Near-Miss Events and Terrorist Risk Factors in Risk Communication |
| Timothy Sellnow | North Dakota State University | Inoculation Strategies for Risk Communication Messaging |
| William Burns | University of Southern California | Modeling the Dynamics of Risk Perception and Fear: Examining Amplifying Mechanisms and Their Consequences |
SOURCE: Homeland Security University Programs Network. (2017) Center for Risk and Economic Analysis of Terrorism Events. Retrieved May 16, 2017, from https://www.hsuniversityprograms.org/centers/create-risk-economic-analysis.
TABLE A.8 Examples of Weather-Related Research with a Social or Behavioral Science Component Funded by the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START), Led by the University of Maryland
| Lead Project PI | Institution | Project Title |
|---|---|---|
| Monica Schoch-Spana | University of Pittsburgh Medical Center | Best Practices for Preparing Communities: Citizen Engagement in Public Health Planning |
| Kathleen Tierney | University of Colorado | Community Field Studies and Analyses of Cross-Sector Preparedness Networks |
| Dennis Mileti | University of Colorado | Modeling and Simulation of Public Response to Threat and Attacks |
| Linda Bourque | University of California - Los Angeles | National Household Survey on Preparedness |
| Delbert Elliott | University of Colorado | School-Based Preparedness and Intervention Programs |
| Elaine Vaughan | University of California - Irvine | Risk Perception in Different Populations |
SOURCE: Homeland Security University Programs Network. (2017). Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism. Retrieved May 16, 2017, from https://www.hsuniversityprograms.org/centers/start-terrorism-studies.
TABLE A.9 Examples of Weather-Related Research with a Social or Behavioral Science Component Funded by the Critical Infrastructure Resilience Institute (CIRI), Led by the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| Lead Project PI | Institution | Project Title |
|---|---|---|
| Eric Salathe | University of Washington | Changing flood risk - Extreme precipitation, sea level rise, and inundation |
| Himanshu Grover | University of Washington | Scenario-based Flood Risk Mapping |
| Adam Rose | University of Southern California | Measuring Business and Economic Resilience in Disasters |
| Stephen Flynn | Northeastern University | Resilience Governance |
SOURCE: Homeland Security University Programs Network. (2017). Critical Infrastructure Resilience Institute. Retrieved May 16, 2017, from https://www.hsuniversityprograms.org/centers/ciri-critical-infrastructure-resilience.