Governance of Dual Use
Research in the Life Sciences
ADVANCING GLOBAL CONSENSUS ON RESEARCH OVERSIGHT
PROCEEDINGS OF A WORKSHOP
James Revill, Jo Husbands, and Katherine Bowman, Rapporteurs
Board on Life Sciences
Division on Earth and Life Studies
In Collaboration with
InterAcademy Partnership
Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts
Croatian Society for Biosafety and Biosecurity
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, DC
www.nap.edu
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This activity was supported by Grant No. 2017-170331 (5384) from the Open Philanthropy Project, a donor advised fund of the Silicon Valley Community Foundation. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-47799-4
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-47799-9
Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/25154
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Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Governance of Dual Use Research in the Life Sciences: Advancing Global Consensus on Research Oversight: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.17226/25154.
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COMMITTEE ON GOVERNANCE OF DUAL USE RESEARCH IN THE LIFE SCIENCES: ADVANCING GLOBAL CONSENSUS ON RESEARCH OVERSIGHT
Members
SUE MEEK (Chair), The Australian National University, Australia
R. ALTA CHARO, University of Wisconsin–Madison, USA
BARUCH FISCHHOFF, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
MICHELE GARFINKEL, EMBO, Germany
ALEXANDER KAGANSKY, Far Eastern Federal University, Russia
ALEMKA MARKOTIĆ, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases Zagreb, Catholic University of Croatia, and Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Croatia
M. IQBAL PARKER, University of Cape Town, South Africa
ALEJANDRA G. SUÁREZ, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina
HERAWATI SUDOYO, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Indonesia
Staff
KATHERINE BOWMAN, Senior Program Officer, Board on Life Sciences
JO L. HUSBANDS, Senior Scholar, Board on Life Sciences
AANIKA SENN, Senior Program Assistant, Board on Life Sciences
TRACY KAMBARA, Mirzayan Fellow, Board on Life Sciences (Spring 2018)
FRANCES SHARPLES, Director, Board on Life Sciences
BOARD ON LIFE SCIENCES
Chair
JAMES P. COLLINS, Arizona State University
Members
A. ALONSO AGUIRRE, George Mason University
ENRIQUETA C. BOND, Burroughs Wellcome Fund
DOMINIQUE BROSSARD, University of Wisconsin–Madison
ROGER D. CONE, University of Michigan
NANCY D. CONNELL, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School
SEAN M. DECATUR, Kenyon College
JOSEPH R. ECKER, Salk Institute for Biological Studies
SCOTT V. EDWARDS, Harvard University
GERALD EPSTEIN, National Defense University
ROBERT J. FULL, University of California, Berkeley
ELIZABETH HEITMAN, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
JUDITH KIMBLE, University of Wisconsin–Madison
MARY E. MAXON, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
ROBERT NEWMAN, Independent Consultant
STEPHEN J. O’BRIEN, Nova Southeastern University
CLAIRE POMEROY, Albert and Mary Lasker Foundation
MARY E. POWER, University of California, Berkeley
SUSAN RUNDELL SINGER, University of California, Berkeley
LANA SKIRBOLL, Sanofi
DAVID R. WALT, Harvard Medical School
Staff
FRANCES SHARPLES, Director
LIDA ANESTIDOU, Senior Program Officer
KATHERINE BOWMAN, Senior Program Officer
ANDREA HODGSON, Program Officer
JO HUSBANDS, Senior Scholar
KEEGAN SAWYER, Senior Program Officer
AUDREY THEVENON, Program Officer
Acknowledgments
This Proceedings of a Workshop was reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in making each published proceedings as sound as possible and to ensure that it meets the institutional standards for quality, objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process.
We thank the following individuals for their review of this proceedings:
Kavita Berger, Gryphon Scientific
Gerald L. Epstein, National Defense University
Filippa Lentzos, Kings College London
Sue Meek, The Australian National University
Although the reviewers listed above provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the content of the proceedings nor did they see the final draft before its release. The review of this proceedings was overseen by Gary Marchant, Arizona State University. He was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this proceedings was carried out in accordance with standards of the National Academies and that all review comments were
carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content rests entirely with the rapporteurs and the National Academies.
The workshop committee and rapporteurs thank the members of cooperative international organizations and of the local organizing committee for their engagement, many valuable comments, and assistance throughout the workshop process: Jelena Đukić, Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts; Robin Fears, European Academies Science Advisory Council; Nevenka Jakopović, Croatian Society for Biosafety and Biosecurity; Peter McGrath, InterAcademy Partnership; Iva Posavec, O-Tours PCO d.o.o; and Ljiljana Žmak, Croatian Institute of Public Health and School of Medicine at the University of Zagreb.
We also thank those who participated in a special session held in Washington, DC, in May 2018 in advance of the workshop. Due to the global nature of the workshop in Croatia, of necessity only a small number of U.S. participants were able to be included. The special session provided a forum to obtain ideas and views from additional U.S. experts in academic, government, and nonprofit organizations who have been active in addressing dual use concerns. This information helped to inform background materials shared with the international workshop.
Contents
Organization of the Proceedings
2 GOVERNANCE IN THEORY AND PRACTICE
Governance as a Layered System Across the Research Enterprise
Life Sciences Governance in Action
3 THE CURRENT GOVERNANCE LANDSCAPE
Breakout Structure and Process
Governance Across the Research Life Cycle
Promoting and Sustaining Governance
Engagement: Awareness Raising and Outreach
Education Efforts and Development of Materials
Figure and Tables
FIGURE
TABLES
3-1 Selected Examples of Governance Activities Across the Research Life Cycle
3-2 Selected Examples of Activities That Promote and Sustain Governance
3-3 Selected Examples of International Forums
4-1 Elements That Could Contribute to an Oversight System for Dual Use Life Sciences Research
4-2 Contributions of the Behavioral and Social Sciences to Governance
4-3 Examples of Specific Actions Arising from Workshop Discussions
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