Frontiers of Materials Research: A Decadal Survey (2019)
Chapter: Appendix D: Acronyms
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Appendix C: Committee Biographies
D
Suggested Citation:
"Appendix D: Acronyms." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Frontiers of Materials Research: A Decadal Survey. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25244.
D
Acronyms
| 1D | one dimensional |
| 2D | two dimensional |
| 3D | three dimensional |
| 4D | four dimensional |
| ABINIT | a computational software package |
| AFRL | Air Force Research Laboratory |
| AHE | anomalous Hall effect |
| ALD | atomic layer deposition |
| AM | additive manufacturing |
| AMTIR | a “glass-like” amorphous material that is able to transmit in the |
| ANL | Argonne National Laboratory |
| appm | atomics parts per million |
| APS-U | Advanced Photon Source Upgrade |
| APT | atom probe tomography |
| ARPA | Advanced Research Projects Agency |
| ARPES | angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy |
| BCS | Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory (named after John Bardeen, Leon Cooper, and John Robert Schrieffer) |
| BES | Basic Energy Sciences (in DOE Office of Science) |
| BESAC | Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee |
| BMW | Bayerische Motoren Werke |
Suggested Citation:
"Appendix D: Acronyms." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Frontiers of Materials Research: A Decadal Survey. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25244.
| BSRF | Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility |
| CAD | computer-aided design |
| CALPHAD | Computer Coupling of Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry |
| CARR | China Advanced Research Reactor |
| CAS | Chinese Academy of Science |
| CASTEP | Cambridge Serial Total Energy Package (a DFT software package) |
| CEA | French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission |
| CERN | European Organization for Nuclear Research |
| CFM | CFM International |
| CFRP | carbon-fiber reinforced polymer |
| CFRP | controlled free-radical polymerization |
| cGLP | Current Good Laboratory Practice |
| cGMP | Current Good Manufacturing Practice |
| CIF | Crystallographic Information File |
| CIGS | copper-indium-gallium-selenide |
| CLP | controlled, living polymerization |
| CMC | ceramic-matrix composite |
| CMI | Critical Materials Institute |
| CMOS | complementary metal-oxide semiconductor |
| CNRS | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique |
| CNY | China Renminbi |
| cQED | circuit quantum electrodynamics |
| CRL | Collaborative Research Laboratory |
| CSNS | China Spallation Neutron Source |
| CSTI | Council for Science, Technology, and Innovation |
| CVD | chemical vapor deposition |
| DARPA | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency |
| DESY | Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron |
| DFT | density functional theory |
| DMC | Diffusion Monte Carlo |
| DMFT | dynamical mean field theory |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| DoD | Department of Defense |
| DOE | Department of Energy |
| DOI | Department of Interior |
| DREAM | software package for 3D data |
| DSA | directed self-assembly |
| DSM | Dirac semimetal |
| DURIP | Defense University Research Instrumentation Program |
Suggested Citation:
"Appendix D: Acronyms." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Frontiers of Materials Research: A Decadal Survey. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25244.
| EBC | environmental barrier coating |
| EPA | Environmental Protection Agency |
| ESF | European Science Foundation |
| ESS | European Spallation Source |
| EuMaT | European Platform for Advanced Engineering Materials and Technologies |
| EUV | extreme ultraviolet |
| EUVL | extreme ultraviolet lithography |
| FA | formamidinium, a common component in some perovskites |
| FAIR | findable, accessible, interoperable, and reproducible |
| FCC | face-centered cubic crystal structure |
| FET | field-effect transistor |
| FIB | focused ion beam |
| FS | Fermi surface |
| GBRI | government-backed research institute |
| GDP | gross domestic product |
| GHG | greenhouse gas |
| GRI | Global Reporting Initiative |
| HEA | high-entropy alloy |
| HFIR | High Flux Isotope Reactor |
| HPC | high-performance computing/computer |
| HTS | high-temperature superconductivity/superconductor |
| HVAC | heating, ventilation, and air conditioning |
| IARPA | Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity |
| IBM | International Business Machines Corporation |
| IBS | Institute for Basic Science |
| ICME | Integrated Computational Materials Engineering |
| ICME | International Council on Metals and the Environment |
| ICMSE | International Conference on Manufacturing Systems Engineering |
| ICT | information and communications technology |
| IEEE | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers |
| IMPACT | Impulsing Paradigm Change Through Disruptive Technologies Program |
| IoT | Internet of Things |
| IP | intellectual property |
| IPO | initial public offering |
Suggested Citation:
"Appendix D: Acronyms." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Frontiers of Materials Research: A Decadal Survey. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25244.
| ISI | Institute of Scientific Information |
| ISO | International Organization for Standardization |
| ISS | International Space Station |
| JUMP | Joint University Microelectronics Program |
| KBSI | Korean Basic Science Institute |
| KIMS | Korean Institute of Materials Science |
| KIST | Korean Institute of Science and Technology |
| LBL | layer by layer |
| LBNL | Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory |
| LCA | life cycle analysis |
| LCD | liquid crystal display |
| LCLS | Linac Coherent Light Source |
| LEAP | leading-edge aviation propulsion |
| LED | light-emitting diode |
| LEGO | line of plastic construction toys manufactured by The Lego Group (the name LEGO is an abbreviation of the two Danish words leg godt, meaning “play well”) |
| LLZO | lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide |
| MA | methylammonium (a common component in some perovskites) |
| MatSEEC | Materials Science and Engineering Expert Committee |
| MAX IV | next-generation synchrotron radiation facility in Lund, Sweden |
| MBE | molecular beam epitaxy |
| MDI | Materials Data Infrastructure |
| MEA | medium entropy alloys |
| MEMS | microelectromechanical system |
| METI | Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry |
| MEXT | Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology |
| MGI | Materials Genome Initiative |
| MOF | metal organic framework |
| MPEA | multiprincipal element alloy |
| MR | materials research |
| MRAM | magnetic random-access memory |
| MRI | Major Research Instrumentation |
| NAND | negative-AND gate |
| NASA | National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
Suggested Citation:
"Appendix D: Acronyms." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Frontiers of Materials Research: A Decadal Survey. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25244.
| NCFET | negative capacitance field-effect transistor |
| NIH | National Institutes of Health |
| NIPA | N-isopropylacrylamide |
| NIST | National Institute of Standards and Technology |
| NMOS | n-channel metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor |
| NNI | National Nanotechnology Initiative |
| NNSA | National Nuclear Security Administration |
| NOR | Boolean operator that gives the value one if and only if all operands have a value of zero and otherwise has a value of zero |
| NREL | National Renewable Energy Laboratory |
| NRI | Nanoelectronics Research Initiative |
| NSF | National Science Foundation |
| NSRC | Nanoscale Science Research Centers |
| NSRL | National Software Reference Library |
| NV | nitrogen vacancy |
| OECD | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development |
| OIL | open innovation laboratory |
| OLED | organic light-emitting diode |
| ONR | Office of Naval Research |
| PCA | principle component analysis |
| PCRAM | phase-change random-access memory |
| PDMS | polydimethylsiloxane |
| PI | principal investigator |
| PMOS | p-channel metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor |
| PV | photovoltaic |
| QIS | quantum information science |
| QMC | Quantum Monte Carlo |
| R&D | research and development |
| RAM | random-access memory |
| RC | resistive-capacitive |
| RF | radio frequency |
| RNA | ribonucleic acid |
| SEM | scanning electron microscopy |
| SESAME | Synchrotron-Light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East |
| SIP | Strategic Innovation Promotion Program |
Suggested Citation:
"Appendix D: Acronyms." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Frontiers of Materials Research: A Decadal Survey. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25244.
| SLAC | Stanford Linear Accelerator Center |
| SME | small and medium-size enterprise |
| SNS | Spallation Neutron Source |
| SOC | spin-orbit coupling |
| SPM | scanning probe microscopy |
| SRC | Semiconductor Research Corporation |
| SSRF | Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility |
| STEM | scanning transmission electron microscope |
| STI | science, technology, and innovation |
| STM | scanning tunneling microscope |
| STT | spin-transfer torque |
| TBC | thermal barrier coating |
| TDDFT | time-dependent density functional theory |
| TEKES | business, Finland |
| TEM | transmission electron microscope/microscopy |
| TI | topological insulator |
| TMD | transition metal dichalcogenide |
| TPS | thermal protection system |
| TRL | technology readiness level |
| TSC | theory, simulation, and computation |
| USAF | U.S. Air Force |
| VASP | Vienna Ab Initio Simulation Package |
| VLSI | very-large-scale integration |
| WSM | Weyl semimetal |
| YIG | yttrium-iron-garnet |
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