| ACS | American College of Surgeons |
| AHRQ | Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality |
| BIPOC | Black, Indigenous, and People of Color |
| CARE | Concussion Assessment, Research and Education Consortium |
| CARF | Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities |
| CCCRP | Combat Casualty Care Research Program |
| CDC | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| CDE | Common Data Elements |
| CDMRP | Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program |
| CENC | Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium |
| CMS | Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services |
| CPG | clinical practice guideline |
| CPP | cerebral perfusion pressure |
| CT | computed tomography |
| DALY | disability-adjusted life year |
| DOC | disorders of consciousness |
| DoD | Department of Defense |
| DVBIC | Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center |
| ED | emergency department |
| EHR | electronic health record |
| EMS | emergency medical services |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
| FITBIR | Federal Interagency Traumatic Brain Injury Research (information system) |
| GCS | Glasgow Coma Scale |
| GFAP | glial fibrillary acidic protein |
| GOS | Glasgow Outcome Scale |
| HCBS | home- and community-based services |
| HCUP | Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project |
| HHS | Department of Health and Human Services |
| ICP | intracranial pressure |
| ICU | intensive care unit |
| IRF | inpatient rehabilitation facility |
| JTS | Joint Trauma System |
| LHS | learning health care system |
| LIMBIC | Long-Term Impact of Military-Related Brain Injury Consortium |
| LTACH | long-term acute care hospital |
| LTSS | long-term services and supports |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| mTBI | mild traumatic brain injury |
| NHTSA | National Highway Traffic Safety Administration |
| NIDILRR | National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research |
| NIH | National Institutes of Health |
| NIMH | National Institute of Mental Health |
| NINDS | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke |
| NRAP | National Research Action Plan |
| NTDB | National Trauma Data Bank |
| OEF | Operation Enduring Freedom |
| OND | Operation New Dawn |
| OR | operating room |
| PbtO2 | partial brain tissue oxygenation |
| PM&R | physical medicine and rehabilitation |
| PST | problem-solving training |
| PTSD | posttraumatic stress disorder |
| RCT | randomized controlled trial |
| RPQ | Rivermead Postconcussion Questionnaire |
| SIREN | Strategies to Innovate Emergency Care Clinical Trials Network |
| SNF | skilled nursing facility |
| TBI | traumatic brain injury |
| tDCS | transcranial direct-current stimulation |
| TED | TBI Endpoints Development (project) |
| TMS | transcranial magnetic stimulation |
| TRACK-TBI | Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI |
| UCH-L1 | ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase |
| VA | Department of Veterans Affairs |
| VIP | Veterans’ In-home Program |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| YPLL | years of potential life lost |
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